Physalis pubescens is used as both food and medicine over 1 200 years. From the phytochemical view, the second metabolites such as flavonoids, sterols, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, fatty acid and so on have been reported from this species. And this plant shows the activities of antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, diuresis, immunosuppressive and so on in the recent studies. This paper reviews the researches on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of this plant in recent 30 years, by which the prospect of development and utilization of P. pubescens could be prospected. It provides the reference for the further rational development and comprehensive utilization of the resources of P. pubescens.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical components of essential oils from Meconopsis oliverana and their antioxidant activity.

METHODThe essential oil was extracted by steam distillation, and GC-MS analysis was used to identify its constituents. The OH free radical scavenging activity of the essential oils was evaluated with an enzyme mark instrument by assay of the ability of DPPH free radical scavenging. BHT was used as positive control.

RESULTForty-seven compounds, account for 91.866% of the essential oils, were identified. The ability of scavenging OH and DPPH radicals of the essential oils is stronger than that of BHT.

CONCLUSIONThe main chemical constituents of the essential oils from M. oliverana are n-hexadecanoic acid (27.653%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (16.330%). And the essential oils showed strong antioxidant activity.

Antioxidants ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Biphenyl Compounds ; metabolism ; Butylated Hydroxytoluene ; metabolism ; China ; Fatty Alcohols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Free Radical Scavengers ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Hydroxyl Radical ; metabolism ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Palmitic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Papaveraceae ; chemistry ; Picrates ; metabolism ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of hipbone biomechanics after the resection of ischiopubic tumors and their relationships with the complications in the convalescent stage, and directing the postoperative pelvic reconstruction.

METHODSDICOM data were used to create an intact hipbone finite element model and postoperative model. The biomechanical indices on the same region in the two models under the same boundary condition were compared. The differences of displacement, stress, and strain of the two models were analyzed with statistical methods.

RESULTSThe distribution areas of the hipbone nodes' displacement, stress, and strain were similar before and after the simulated operation. The sacroiliac joint nodes' displacement (P=0.040) and strain (P=0.000), and the acetabular roof nodes' stress (P=0.000) and strain (P=0.005) of two models had significant differences, respectively.But the sacroiliac joint nodes' stress (P=0.076) and the greater sciatic notch nodes' stress (P=0.825) and strain (P=0.506) did not have significant differences.

CONCLUSIONSThe resection of ischiopubic tumors mainly affect the biomechanical states of the homolateral sacroiliac joint and acetabular roof. The complications in the convalescent stage are due to the biomechanical changes of the sacroiliac joint and the acetabular roof and disappearances of the stabilization and connection functions of the pubic symphysis and superior ramus of pubis.

Acetabulum ; physiopathology ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Pelvic Bones ; physiopathology ; Pelvic Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Sacroiliac Joint ; physiopathology

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab plus cisplatin and cisplatin alone in the treatment of malignant pleural effusion of lung cancer patients. Methods: From November 2014 to November 2017, 27 patients diagnosed with lung cancer complicated with malignant pleural effusion at the department of Oncology, the Central Hospital of Huludao, were enrolled in this study. Fourteen patients received bevacizumab plus cisplatin and thirteen patients received cisplatin alone. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the general condition between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05). The bevacizumab group had better short-term efficacy than the cisplatin group and the difference was statistically significant(92.9% vs 61.5%, P<0.05). The main adverse reactions during the treatment were bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal discomfort, etc. The incidence of adverse reactions was similar between the two groups, with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusion: Compared with cisplatin alone, bevacizumab combined with cisplatin has better shortterm efficacy in the treatment of lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion. The adverse reactions were quite similar.

OBJECTIVETo cultivate hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (CD34(+)CD38(-)) isolated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) long for the observation of cell growth and expansion in vitro, surface marker expression, and chromosomal complements.

METHODSBy flow cytometry CD34-FITC and CD38-PE labeled CD34(+) and CD38(-) stem/progenitor cells were isolated from UCB. The cells were cultivated in vitro for 6 months in a stem cell culture system with addition of six kinds of cell growth factors (IL-3, IL-6, GM-CSF, Epo, SCF, IGF-1). One month after cultivation, cultured cells were investigated for surface marker expression by flow cytometry and karyotype by G banding method.

RESULTSAfter 7-12 days cultivation, the CD34(+)CD38(-) stem/progenitor cells began proliferation. The proliferation rate and the peak proliferation duration were greater in 1 cell/well cultivation conditions than in 10 cells/well. The cells remained CD34(+)CD38(-) and their karyotypic characteristics remained unchanged.

CONCLUSIONCD34(+)CD38(-) stem/progenitor cells from UCB may provide a larger than original amount of stem/progenitor cells for transplantation after long-term cultivation in vitro.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; immunology ; Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; immunology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Karyotyping

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between different Chinese medicine (CM) syndromes and variations in microcirculation in septic shock patients.

METHODSseventy Septic shock patients were divided into four groups: heat damaging qi-yin group (HDQY, 23 cases); yin exhaustion and yang collapse group (YEYC, 26 cases); excessive heat in Fu organ group (EHFO, 10 cases); and heat damaging nutrient-blood group (HDNB, 11 cases). Sublingual microcirculation parameters were observed by sidestream dark-field (SDF) imaging and scored by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), and parameters of microcirculation perfusion variations and prognoses were analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with those with qi-yin heat damage, perfused vessel density (PVD) in other groups decreased dramatically (P<0.05), and APACHE II scores increased significantly (P<0.05). In addition, the recovery time was prolonged substantially (P<0.05), and the mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO2) decreased (P<0.05). Blood lactic acid increased significantly (P<0.05), and the mixed SVO decreased (P<0.05), in the YEYC group. Compared with the thermal injury camp blood group, sublingual microcirculation parameter variations showed no obvious difference in the YEYC and EHFO groups (P>0.05). There were significant positive correlations between CM syndromes and APACHE II scoring in different groups (r=0.512, P<0.05). There were negative correlations between PVD and APACHE II scoring (r=-0.378, P=0.043), the proportion of perfused vessels (PPV) and APACHE II scoring (r=-0.472, P=0.008), as well as between the microvascular flow index (MFI) and APACHE II scoring (r=-0.424, P=0.023) in different patients.

CONCLUSIONSublingual microcirculation may serve as a clinical diagnostic parameter of the patient condition, as well as being a prognostic indicator.

Aged ; Dopamine ; therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Microcirculation ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Floor ; blood supply ; physiopathology ; Perfusion ; Shock, Septic ; blood ; drug therapy ; mortality ; physiopathology ; Syndrome

The aim of study was to explore the potential application of targeting at Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the immunotherapy of acute myelocytic leukemia, and to investigate the expression of TLR and the effects of TLR 8 agonist ssRNA40/LyoVec on proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of U937 cells. The expression of TLR 1 - 9 in U937 cells was detected by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the expression of TLR 8 was assayed by flow cytometry (FCM). The effect of TLR 8 agonist, ssRNA40/LyoVec, at different concentrations on U937 cells proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8, apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by FCM. The results showed that U937 cells expressed TLR 1 - 9. TLR 8 agonist ssRNA40/LyoVec could inhibit the growth of U937 cells both in time-and dose-dependent manner and the inhibitory rate could reach 70%. It also increased the percentage of cells in G(0)/G(1) phase. There was no significant difference in percentage of apoptotic cells between control and treated groups. It is concluded that TLRs including TLR 1 - 9 express on U937 cells and TLR 8 agonist ssRNA40/LyoVec may be able to inhibit the growth of U937 cells, arrest the cells in G(0)/G(1) phase, but have no effect of promoting apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Toll-Like Receptor 8 ; agonists ; Toll-Like Receptors ; metabolism ; U937 Cells

To study the effects of supernatant derived from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines on proliferation and apoptosis of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell subsets and to investigate the mechanism by which AML escapes from immune recognition, lymphocytes were labeled with CFSE and were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 in presence or absence of supernatants from three AML cell lines (HL-60, NB4, U937). After culture, cell suspensions were labeled with 7AAD and CD4 PE (or CD8 PE). Cells were then detected by flow cytometry and their proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed. The results showed that supernatants from two of three cell lines (HL-60 and NB4) inhibited the proliferation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and the degree of inhibition showed a dose-dependent way. Similarly, the apoptosis of stimulated CD4(+) T cells was inhibited, but stimulated CD8(+) T cells remained unaffected by supernatant from HL-60 and NB4. In contrary, the apoptosis of proliferative CD8(+) T cells were increased significantly by HL-60 and NB4 supernatant. It is concluded that soluble factors derived from AML cell lines inhibit the proliferation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and induce the apoptosis of proliferative CD8(+) T cells, that may be one of the mechanisms by which the immunity was suppressed.
Apoptosis ; physiology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; U937 Cells

BACKGROUND: Burn infliction techniques are poorly described in rat models. An accurate study can only be achieved with wounds that are uniform in size and depth. We describe a simple reproducible method for creating consistent burn wounds in rats. METHODS: Ten male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and dorsum shaved. A 100 g cylindrical stainless-steel rod (1 cm diameter) was heated to 100degrees C in boiling water. Temperature was monitored using a thermocouple. We performed two consecutive toe-pinch tests on different limbs to assess the depth of sedation. Burn infliction was limited to the loin. The skin was pulled upwards, away from the underlying viscera, creating a flat surface. The rod rested on its own weight for 5, 10, and 20 seconds at three different sites on each rat. Wounds were evaluated for size, morphology and depth. RESULTS: Average wound size was 0.9957 cm2 (standard deviation [SD] 0.1845) (n=30). Wounds created with duration of 5 seconds were pale, with an indistinct margin of erythema. Wounds of 10 and 20 seconds were well-defined, uniformly brown with a rim of erythema. Average depths of tissue damage were 1.30 mm (SD 0.424), 2.35 mm (SD 0.071), and 2.60 mm (SD 0.283) for duration of 5, 10, 20 seconds respectively. Burn duration of 5 seconds resulted in full-thickness damage. Burn duration of 10 seconds and 20 seconds resulted in full-thickness damage, involving subjacent skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS: This is a simple reproducible method for creating burn wounds consistent in size and depth in a rat burn model.
Animals ; Burns* ; Erythema ; Extremities ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Animal* ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; Viscera ; Water ; Wounds and Injuries*

The expression of immunological markers of one hematopoietic lineage on the abnormal cells of another lineage (cross-lineage expression) is a known feature of leukemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the cross-lineage expression in ALL cells. The cross-lineage expression in ALL cells from 505 patients was detected by flow cytometry using 23 monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) in triple staining combinations. The results showed that in whole ALL, the expression of myeloid antigens occurred in 56.4% of the cases, and CD13 was the most frequently expressed myeloid marker (32.7%) followed by CD33 (29.5%), CD15 (19.2%) and CD11b (7.7%). CD13/CD33 expressions were more frequent in CD34(+) cases than in CD34(-) cases. In B-ALL, T-cell antigen CD4, CD5, CD7 and CD2 were found in 27 (6.3%), 12 (2.8%), 8 (1.9%), and 6 (1.4%) cases respectively, and CD7(+), CD2(+) and CD4(+) cases commonly expressed CD13/CD33. In T-ALL, B-cell antigen cCD79a, CD19 and CD22 were found in 6 (8.1%), 5 (6.8%), and 2 (2.8%) cases respectively, and all of CD19(+) and CD22(+) cases were all accompanied with CD13/CD33. It is concluded that cross-lineage expression in ALL mostly exists in the immature stages, ALL cells more frequently express phenotypes B(+)M(+), T(+)M(+) and occasionally B(+)T(+)M(+), but B(+)T(+)M(-) phenotype is extremely rare.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; methods ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; immunology ; metabolism ; Young Adult