NaCl.Glycerol and trehalose were the most prominent compatible solutes in C.krusei.The glycerol production was enhanced with the osmotica concentration increasing and NaCl,KCl were much effective than manntiol.The glycerol concentration was increased 74%,63%,57% and the intracellular glycerol was 3.1,2.4,1.8 fold to the control respectively when 0.6mol/L NaCl,KCl and mannitol existed.During the early stage of fermentation,the trehalose all decreased compared with the control.However,the trehalose content was higher than the control in the late stage of fermentation when 0.6mol/L KCl and mannitol existed.The trehalose content was 1.6 and 1.4 fold to that of control respectively.

Objective: To understand the overall situation and problems of the human resources in community medical institutions in Heilongjiang, put forward relevant measurement and suggestions, hoping to provide references for departments of the government designing human resources policies in community medical institutions in Heilongjiang. Methods: Through consulting some related literature information, to recognize the related policies and development situation of community health human resources in Heilongjiang and other places in China. Using Excell2003 to set up the database and analyze. Results:The community health service system has been established in Heilongjiang, but it lacks of human resources planning; the community health human resource configuration is not reasonable; and the existing community health persons’ training demand is higher. Conclusion: Community health service institutions in Heilongjiang should strengthen the government leadership, designed relevant policies, adjust and optimize the structure, speed up the training of the current staff and attract the talents.

Objective To explore the association between the lung function and the related electroneurophysiological parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Fifty COPD patients were studied. The lung function and the phrenic motor nerve conduction (PNC) were examined, respectively. Thirty cases of non respiratory disorders served as control. The lung function tests included maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV%), forced vital capacity (FVC), force expiratory volume (FEV 1) and RV/TLC% (residual volume, RV; total lung capacity, TLC). The phrenic nerve was stimulated electrically at the midpoint of the posterior border of the sternomastoid muscle, and the diaphragmatic compound muscle action potential (dCMAP) was recorded between the 7th and 8th intercostal space and xiphoid process. Results The relative values of MVV%, FVC 1/FVC 1% and RV/TLC% were 49.6?18.8, 62.5?16.4 and 54.1?8.0, respectively, which was significantly lower than that expected. There was no significant difference with regard to the PNC latency between the patients and the controls. The dCMAP amplitude ratio in the COPD patients was significantly lower than that of the controls, i.e., the dCMAP amplitude decreased in the COPD patients. Conclusion The decreased dCMAP might be associated with abnormal lung function. The PNC examination would provide valuable information for the evaluation of diaphragmatic dysfunction in those with abnormal lung function.

Objective To investigate the intervention effect of Qingxin-Ⅱ Recipe on myocardial cell apoptosis and its fibrosis in viral myocarditis mice and its mechanism.Methods A total of 120 Balb/c mice were randomly divided into the model group (n=50),the treatment group (n=50) and the control group (n =20).Mice in the model and treatment groups were given intraperitoneal injection of CVB3 to establish the experimental model of viral myocarditis.The control and model groups were treated with normal saline and water by intragastric administration respectively and the treatment group was given Qingxin-Ⅱ Recipe.The expression level of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB),tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),collagen type Ⅰ-A1 (COL1-A1),collagen type Ⅲ-A1 (COL3-A1),matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9),tissue inhibitor of metallproteinase-1 (TIMP-1),myocardial interstitial collagen volume fraction (CVF) and apoptosis rate (Rapo) were assessed after treatment.Results The levels of NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-1 in cardiomyocytes,serum levels of COL1-A1,MMP-9,TIMP-1,the mRNA expression levels of COL1-A1,COL3-A1,MMP-9,TIMP-1 in cardiomyocytes,CVF and Rapo were lower in the treatment and control groups than in the model group (F=21.541,12.146,32.583,4.212,6.863,4.868,9.089,8.662,7.307,6.646,4.324,41.237,respectively,all P＜0.05).No significant differences in the levels of NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-1 of cardiomyocytes,in serum levels of COL1-A1,TIMP-1 and in mRNA expression levels of COL1-A1,COL3-A1,MMP-9,TIMP-1 of cardiomyocytes between the control group and the treatment group (all P＞0.05) were found,but serum MMP-9 level was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P =0.033).Conclusions Qingxin-Ⅱ Recipe can effectively reduce inflammatory cytokines levels,protect myocardial cells from inflammatory damages and inhibit myocardial fibrosis in viral myocarditis.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Oseltamivir combined with Chinese medicine for the treatment of influenza. Methods One hundred and ninety-seven cases confirmed as influenza were randomly divided into treatment group ( N=101) and control group ( N=96) . Both groups were given conventional symptomatic and supportive treatment. Additionally, the treatment group received Oseltamivir and Chinese medicine based on syndrome differentiation, and the control group was given Oseltamivir orally. The treatment lasted 5 days. The clinical outcomes included incidence of flu symptoms, time for body temperature decreasing to the normal and time for the relief of all symptoms in both groups. Results ( 1) The total effective rate of the treatment group was 98.0%, superior to 91.7%of the control group (P<0.05) . (2) The treatment group had an effect on sub-siding fever and relieving symptoms more quickly than the control group, the differences being significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) . ( 3) The treatment group could relieve flu symp toms of sore throat, muscular soreness, cough, nasal obstruction and discharging more effectively, and the differences were significant compared with the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion The overall effect of Oseltamivir combined with Chinese medicine is better than Oseltamivir alone, showing the advantages of subsiding fever in a relatively short period of time and relieving flu symptoms more effectively.

Objective To examine the status of and factors influencing medical students' mental health.Methods The China undergraduates' mental health scale and an information questionnaire developed by the authors were administered on 1 205 students selected from Grade 1-3 in chnical medicine,anesthesia,and medical diagnostic programs using cluster sampling.Results The level of medical students' somatization,a~nxiety,depression,social withdrawal,irritabihty,and obsession was higher as compared to the norms for general undergraduates in China.Female medical students showed higher scores than males on 4 aspects:somatization,anxiety,depression,and obsession.Additionally,those belonging to minority nationalities showed higher scores on social withdrawal,irritability,and impulse as compared to those with the Han nationality.Further,students with low professional identity had higher scores on somatization,anxiety,depression,inferiority,irritability,and social withdrawal as compared to those with high professional identity.Conclusion Medical students' mental health is not optimal;therefore,it needs to be addressed by educational departments and educational works.Thus,mental health education,professional counseling,and appropriate interventions need to be conducted for medical students.

Objective To investigate the significance of detecting the level of CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Sixty patients with T2DM in the Pingliang Municipal People′s Hospital from February 2013 to March 2015 were selected as the observation group And contemporaneous 60 individuals undergoing healthy physical exami-nation were selected as the control group.The levels of FBG,2 hBG,FINS,HbA1c,CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 were detected in these two groups.The correlation between CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 with FBG,FINS and HbA1c were analyzed.Results The levels of FBG,2 hBG and HbA1c in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The FINS level in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference has statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 in the observation group were (8.46±2.45)mg/L,(18.56±4.23)ng/L,(13.53±3.24)pg/L and (125.33±23.14)ng/L respectively,which were signifi-cantly higher than (3.23±1.02)mg/L,(11.25±3.01)ng/L,(7.24±1.78)pg/L and (98.45±18.56)ng/L in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).CRP,TNF-αand IL-6 were positively correlated with FBG,FINS and HbA1c;IGF-1 was negatively correlated with FBG and HbA1c.Conclusion Detecting the CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 levels can provide a basis for the diagnosis of T2DM and thinking for its treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of trimetazidine in treatment of ischemic cardiomy-opathy heart failure and its influence on cardiac function and heart rate variability .Methods 160 cases of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy heart failure were randomly divided into the two groups with 80 cases in each group .The
two groups were given conventional treatment of anti heart failure ,the observation group used trimetazidine on basis of that,clinical effect and the influence on the index of heart rate variability and cardiac function of two groups were ob -served.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 91.25%,significantly higher than 73.75% of the control group (χ2 =9.57,P<0.05);LVEDD and LVESD of the observation group after treatment were (49.88 ± 4.60)mm and (37.10 ±3.15)mm,significantly reduced than before treatment (t=7.44,7.83,all P<0.05) and the control group (t=6.60,6.85,all P<0.05); while the LVEF was (48.04 ±4.20)%,increased significantly than before treatment (t=6.51,P<0.05) and the control group (t=7.11,P<0.05);SDNN,SDANN,rMSSD and PNN50 of the observation group after treatment were (124.72 ±7.02)ms,(111.20 ±5.89)ms,(46.74 ±4.22)ms and (17.72 ±2.08)%,increased significantly than before treatment (t=7.43,7.83,7.06,8.17,all P<0.05) and the control group (t=6.66,6.90,6.15,7.21,all P<0.05).Conclusion Trimetazidine has an exact effect in treat-ment of ischemic cardiomyopathy heart failure ,which can improve heart function and heart rate variability which has an important value in clinical application .

Objective To observe the association between the polymorphism of PINK1 gene exon 4 T313M and Parkinson's disease ( PD) in Xinjiang Uygurs.Methods The genetic DNA was extracted from 175 Uygur patients with PD (PD group) and 163 Uygur healthy controls (control group).The PINK1 gene exon 4 T313M was amplified by PCR.The genotype and allele were determined by restriction enzymes enzyme technology, and then validated by sequencing analysis.Results The frequency of PINK1 gene T313M T/T genotype in PD group was 2.9%, which of C/C genotype was 97.1%;the frequency of PINK1 gene T313M T allele in PD group was 2.9%, which of C allele was 97.1%.The frequency of PINK1 gene T313M T/T genotype in control group was 1.2%, which of C/C genotype was 98.8%;the frequency of PINK1 gene T313M T allele in control group was 1.2%, which of C allele was 98.8%. The difference of the polymorphism of PINK1 gene T313M between the two groups had no statistical significance ( P>0.05).Conclusion The polymorphism of PINK1 gene exon 4 T313M has nothing to do with the genetic susceptibility of Xinjiang Uighur PD patients.

Objective To study the role of TLR2 in AngⅡ-induced cardiac fibrosis in hypertensive mice .Methods Eighteen wild C57 mice were randomly divided into blank control group ,AngⅡgroup and TLR2 blocking group (6 in each group) .A hypertension model was established by sub-cutaneous infusion of AngⅡthrough a mini-pump for 7 days .Cardiac fibrosis in mice was observed with immunohistochemical staining .Results The area of cardiac fibrosis was significantly larger and the expression levels of collagen Ⅰ and TGF-βwere significantly higher in Ang Ⅱgroup than in blank control group (P<0 .05) .The area of cardiac fibrosis was 71 .2% smaller ,the expression level of collagen Ⅰ was 75 .5% ,and the expression level of TLR2 was 77 .7% lower in TLR2 blocking group than in Ang Ⅱgroup (P<0 .05) .Conclusion TLR2 is involved in Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiac fibrosis in hypertensive mice .