AlM: To observe the early tear film changes after trabeculectomy using Keratograph 5M.METHODS:Fourty-one patients (46 eyes) of glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy were involved. First tear break up time ( FTBUT ) , average tear break up time (ATBUT), non-invasive tear meniscus height (NlTMH), lipid layer thickness and meibomian gland scores were measured at 1d preoperatively and at 1d, 1wk, 1mo postoperatively.RESULTS:At 1d, 1wk and 1mo postoperatively, FTBUT and ATBUT decreased greatly (P<0. 05), as well as lipid layer thickness (P<0. 017). NlTMH at 1d postoperatively increased significantly, but at 1wk and 1mo postoperatively decreased greatly (P<0. 05). There was no significantly difference in meibomian gland scores between preoperation and postoperation (P>0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Keratograph 5M could be used to evaluate tear film function rapidly and accurately. Trabeculectomy significantly alters tear film stability and tear secretion in the short term after operation.

Objective To detect the effect of Danhong injection on cerebral vascular hemodynamic parameters, Cys-c and Hcy in patients with transient cerebral ischemia(TIA), and analyze its clinical effect. Methods 80 TIA patients were selected. The patients were divided into a control group and a Danhong injection observation group with 40 cases each group. The control group was given conventional treatment, and the observation group was given conventional treatment and Danhong injection. The treatment course was 14 d. The hemodynamic parameters, Cys-c and Hcy expresssion were observed. Clinical effect was analyzed. Results After treatment, average blood flow speed (20.07 ± 4.28 cm/s vs. 16.17 ± 2.46 cm/s, t=5.230), average blood flow (11.14 ± 2.24 ml/s vs. 9.54 ± 1.65 ml/s, t=3.637), and cerebral vascular resistance (1 602.4 ± 98.3 kPa/s·m-1 vs. 1 738.5 ± 104.3 kPa/s·m-1, t=6.024) was significantly improved in the observation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). Cys-c (0.48 ± 0.11 mg/L vs. 0.71 ± 0.14 mg/L, t=8.170) and Hcy (17.45 ± 3.26 μmol/L vs. 23.62 ± 4.12 μmol/L, t=7.428) were significantly decreased in the observation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). The recurrence rate of TIA and cerebral infarction were 7.5% and 5% in observation group, which were significantly lower than that of 22.5% and 15% in control group (χ2=2.451, P<0.05;χ2=2.630, P<0.05).Conclusion Danhong injection can reduce the expression of Cys-c and Hcy and recurrence rate of TIA and cerebral infarction.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of amiodarone combined with metoprolol in the treatment of arrhythmia.Methods100 cases of patients with coronary heart disease arrhythmia treated in our hospital from August 2015 to September 2016 were selected as the research object in this study.They were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, each group had a total of 50 cases.Patients in the control group were treated with conventional arrhythmia treatment, and the experimental group was treated with amiodarone combined with metoprolol on the basis of conventional treatment.Comparative analysis of the experimental group and the control group of patients with clinical therapeutic effect index.ResultsAfter the corresponding treatment, the experimental group of 50 patients, the therapeutic effect of 18 cases were invalid, 12 cases were effective, 20 cases were markedly effective, the total effective number of cases to 32 cases, the effective rate was 64.0%.In the control group of 50 patients, 29 patients were invalid, and the effective rate was effective in all of the 8 patients.The effective rate of the treatment was effective in all of the 13 patients, with a total effective rate of 42.0%.Therefore, the effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group, with statistical difference (P<0.05).The diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and heart rate in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the incidence of adverse reactions, which was not statistically significant.ConclusionAmiodarone Combined with metoprolol for treatment of arrhythmia is better, more widely used, can improve the treatment efficiency to a great extent, the treatment of high safety, with further clinical promotion and application.

Objective To investigate the effect of berberine on growth and apoptosis of human cervical cancer cell line HeLa and its possible mechanism.Methods The effect of berberine on growth of HeLa cells was studied by MTT assay.Apoptosis of HeLa cells exposed to berberine was observed by flow cytometry and DNA gel electrophoresis.The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was studied by Western blotting analysis.Results Berberine markedly inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner.After incubation of HeLa cells with 20 and 40 mg/L berberine for 48 h,DNA Ladder can be observed.A typical "sub-G1 peak" was checked by flow cytometry.There was a very low rate of natural apoptosis(1.9?0.6)%,while in 5 mg/L berberine group,the apoptosis rate was(2.3?0.8)%.After exposing HeLa cells for 48 h to 20 and 40 mg/L berberine,the apoptosis rate reached(16.7?2.8)%(P

SARS-CoV-2 has been spreading rapidly since its outbreak in December 2019.Understanding its epidemiological characteristics, especially cutting off transmission routes, is crucial to controlling the spread of the disease. In the study of transmission pathway, the issue of whether SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted through ocular surface tissue has also aroused concerns, but there are still no clinically confirmed cases and laboratory evidence of its infection through ocular surface tissue. New research suggests that the SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the same genus as SARS coronavirus(SARS-CoV), and that it enters cells in the same way as SARS-CoV. This paper reviews the research on SARS-CoV to investigate the possible mechanism of eye transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Background Glaucoma is primarily characterized by the damage of retinal ganglion cells in the inner layer.Whether the outer retinal layers are involved is controversial.Although the functional abnormality of the outer retinal layers have been determined,structural studies present difierent outcomes.Objective This study measured and compared photoreceptor layer thickness between normal and glaucomatous eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography(OCT). Methods A case-control study was designed.The macular area of 38 eyes from 38 normal volunteers and 48 primary open-angle glaucomatous eyes(POAG)were imaged by spectral domain OCT(SD OCT).The outer nuclear layer(ONL)and inner and outer segments(IS/OS)layer thicknesses in fovea and parafovea(1.5 mm from the fovea) were measured by a single masked observer using an image analysis software (SigmaScan Pro version 5.0).Retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thicknesses of the 86 eyes were measured by Stratus OCT.The photoreceptor layer thicknesses between normal and glaucomatous eyes were compared.The correlation of photoreceptor with RNFL thicknesses was evaluated with linear and non-linear regression models. Results The outer nuclear layer(ONL)thickness in the fovea in normal and glaucomatous eyes were 96.7±10.7μm and 103.7±13.3 μm,respectively,with a significant difference(P=0.011).The inner and outer segments(IS/OS)layer thicknesses in the fovea in the two groups were 59.3±5.5 μm and 59.5±5.5μm,respectively,without significant difference(P=0.890).The outer nuclear layer(ONL)thicknesses in the parafovea in normal and glaucomatous eyes were 70.9±14.0μm and 68.7 ±10.7μm,respectively,(P=0.410).The inner and outer segments(IS/OS)layer thicknesses in the parafovea in the two groups were 45.2±6.4 μm and 43.6±5.5μm,respectively(P=0.228).The relationship between ONL and RNFL thickness was best described with a second order polynomial regression model assoeiation(Y=-0.019X2+2.73X+10.34,R2=0.211,P=0.005). Conclusion The foveal ONL thickness is increased in glaucomatous eyes.The alteration of foveal ON L thickness is associated with the severity of the disease.

Background Fundus photography is a traditional method for detecting local retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects,but the evaluation of its result depends on the observer's experience.The spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) exhibit the defects of RNFL very clearly.Objective This study was to evaluate the diagnosis value and correlation between topographic profiles of localized RNFL defects determined by spectral domain and time domain OCT with fundus photography.Methods Forty-one normal eyes of 41 subjects and 55 eyes of 55 glaucomatous patients with localized,wedge-shaped RNFL defects identified by two glaucoma specialists in fundus photographs were enrolled in the clinical study.The angular location and width of RNFL defects determined on the images of fundus photography,Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT were analyzed respectively using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis.This study followed the Helsinki declaration and was approved by Ethic Committee of Shenzhen Eye Hospital.Written informed consent was obtained from each individual before the clinical examination.Results Seventy-five RNFL defects were identified in 55 eyes by two glaucoma specialists unanimously with the defect position at superior-temporal and inferior-temporal quadrants.The sensitivity of Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT to determining RNFL defects were 88.0% and 69.3% respectively and their specificities were 92.7% and 97.6% respectively.The angular locations of RNFL defects by Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT were highly correlated with those by fundus photography(r=0.993,r=0.992,P＜0.001);while the angular widths of RNFL defects by Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT were moderately correlated with those by fundus photography(r=0.420,r=0.432,P=0.019,P=0.002).No significant differences were found in the defect width of RNFL between Cirrus HD-OCT or Stratus OCT and fundus photography(Cirrus HD-OCT:P=0.114;Stratus OCT:P=0.074),and significant difference was found in that between Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT(P=0.002).Conclusion Spectral domain OCT and time domain OCT can localize RNFL defects with high sensitivity and specificity.The measure value of Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT for RNFL defects shows a good diagnostic agreement with fundus photography.

0.05).The duration of pupil contraction in experimental group(54.78?4.52 hours)was longer than that in control group(21.33?2.28 hours)(P

Objective To study the activity of type 2 Iodothyronine deiodinase(D2)and the expressions of myelin basic protein(MBP)and synapsinⅠin the brain tissue of young rats fed on a diet with different levels of iodine.Methods Wistar rats were fed on a diet with different doses of KIO_3 for 3 months and then mated randomly.The serum TH and the brain D2 activity were measured in 28 days old pups.The protein expressions of MBP and SynapsinⅠin their brains were determined by immunohistochemistry staining.Results Compared with normal iodine group(NI),the serum TH levels of low iodine group(LI) were lower,while those of iodine excess groups were gradually decreased with their increase of iodine intake,especially in 100-fold high iodine group(100 HI),TT_4 and FT_4 were significantly decreased(P0.05).The immunohistochemistry staining showed weakly positive reactivity of MBP in corpus callosum and stronger of synapsin I in hippocampus CA3 in LI group compared with NI. The similar alterations were also found in all iodine excess groups with their increase of iodine intake.But MBP reactivity was stronger in 100 HI rats than the LI ones.Conclusion Iodine deficiency and iodine excess can cause hypothyroidism in degrees in the young rats,more severe hypothyroid and retarded myelin sheath and synapses can be caused in iodine deficiency compared with iodine excess.

AIM:To study the effects and mechanisms of ethanol on chloride channels in poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells.METHODS:The effect of ethanol on the cell growth was analyzed by MTT as-say.The technique of whole-cell patch-clamp was used to detect the chloride current .The characteristics of the chloride current were analyzed by using the chloride channel blockers .The siRNA technique was used to analyze the molecular basis of the ethanol-sensitive chloride channels .RESULTS: Under isotonic conditions , the background current was weak and stable.Ethanol at concentrations of 0.17~170 mmol/L activated a chloride current in a concentration-dependent manner (an inverted U-shape), with a maximum effect at the concentration of 17 mmol/L.The currents showed obviously outward rectification and were susceptible to extracellular hypertonicity and the chloride channel blocker , 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropyl-amino) benzoic acid ( NPPB) .ClC-3 siRNA obviously decreased the currents activated by ethanol .CONCLUSION:Ex-tracellular ethanol induces chloride currents through activating the ClC-3 chloride channels .