No abstract available.
Forehead* ; Methylmethacrylate*

Uterine perforation related with dilatation and curettage (D&C) is an uncommon event. Combined complications such as hemorrhage, adjacent organ injury, and omental incarceration may require an emergent surgical treatment. These are usually evident immediately or several days after the D&C, and a delayed presentation of uterine perforation are extremely rare. Herein, we report a rare case of omental incarceration presenting as a hyperechoic endometrial mass in a postmenopausal woman, diagnosed twenty-three years after the D&C. According to this case, when we encounter a hyperechoic endometrial lesion penetrating the uterine wall in women with a history of an intrauterine procedure such as D&C, we need to consider the possibility of an incarcerated omentum.

Uterine perforation related with dilatation and curettage (D&C) is an uncommon event. Combined complications such as hemorrhage, adjacent organ injury, and omental incarceration may require an emergent surgical treatment. These are usually evident immediately or several days after the D&C, and a delayed presentation of uterine perforation are extremely rare. Herein, we report a rare case of omental incarceration presenting as a hyperechoic endometrial mass in a postmenopausal woman, diagnosed twenty-three years after the D&C. According to this case, when we encounter a hyperechoic endometrial lesion penetrating the uterine wall in women with a history of an intrauterine procedure such as D&C, we need to consider the possibility of an incarcerated omentum.

The Non-incision "double eyelid" operation reported by Mikamoto of Japan in 1896 has the advantage of shorter operating time, less morbidity and minimal scarring thus more natural final appearance. Incidence complications of this procedure such as disappearance of the fold, asymmetry, and inclusion cyst has been reported to be higher than the incision method and there has been reports of complication rates of up to 30%. The surgeon and the patient are most worried about the complete disappearance of the surgical palpebral fold. The complications of Non-Incision ""double eyelid"" operation was evaluated in 190 patients who were available for follow up of more than 1 year. Classification of the complications which required revision surgery was classified and evaluated. There were no major complications such as blindness, retrobulbar hematoma, and blepharoptosis. Total number of complications requiring reoperation: 24(100%). The most common reoperation procedure that we experienced was asymmetry which occurred in 10(42%) patients followed by lowering of the fold line and disappearance of the fold with 6(25%) cases each. All these patients were taken back to surgery and were corrected by Non-incision method with favorable results. Conclusively, 24 complications of Non-incision double eyelid procedure experienced in 190 patients. Disappearance of the palpebral fold was seen in 6 patients who were corrected by another Non-incision technique with excellent results. The complete disappearance of the fold was experienced in very few patients and correction of this complication was satisfactory. Thus, disappearance of the fold after Non-incision double eyelid procedure should not be termed by the patient or the surgeon with full under- standing of the procedure.
Blepharoplasty* ; Blepharoptosis ; Blindness ; Cicatrix ; Classification ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Japan ; Reoperation

No abstract available.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the moderating effect of organizational justice on the relationship between self-efficacy and nursing performance among clinical nurses. Methods: In January 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 224 clinical nurses recruited from a university-affiliated hospital in Suwon, South Korea. Participants completed online-based, self-report structured questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed using multiple regression and a simple model of PROCESS macro with a 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval. Results: Self-efficacy and organizational justice were found to be significant predictors of nursing performance. These two predictors explained the additional 34.8% variance of nursing performance in the hierarchical regression model, after adjusting the other covariates. In addition, organizational justice moderated the relationship between self-efficacy and nursing performance among the clinical nurses. In particular, at low self-efficacy level, participants with high organizational justice had higher nursing performance compared to those with low organizational justice. Conclusion Enhancing organizational justice can be used as an organizational strategy for improving the organizational culture in terms of distribution, procedure, and interaction. Ultimately, these efforts will contribute to the improvement of nursing performance through a synergistic effect on organizational justice beyond nurses’ individual competency and self-efficacy.

BACKGROUND: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) induces nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation and angiogenesis and increases tumor growth and pulmonary tumor metastasis in vivo. The role of NF-kappaB activation in PAF-induced angiogenesis in a mouse model of Matrigel implantation, and in PAF-mediated pulmonary tumor metastasis were investigated. METHODS: Angiogenesis using Matrigel and experimental pulmonary tumor metastasis were tested in a mouse model. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay was done for the assessment of NF-kappaB translocation to the nucleus. Expression of angiogenic factors, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were tested by RT-PCR and ELISA. RESULTS: PAF induced a dose- and time-dependent angiogenic response. PAF-induced angiogenesis was significantly blocked by PAF antagonist, CV6209, and inhibitors of NF-kappaB expression or action, including antisense oligonucleotides to p65 subunit of NF-kappaB (p65 AS) and antioxidants such as alpha-tocopherol and N-acetyl-L-cysteine. In vitro, PAF activated the transcription factor, NF-kappaB and induced mRNA expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1alpha, bFGF, VEGF, and its receptor, KDR. The PAF-induced expression of the above mentioned factors was inhibited by p65 AS or antioxidants. Also, protein synthesis of VEGF was increased by PAF and inhibited by p65 AS or antioxidants. The angiogenic effect of PAF was blocked when anti-VEGF antibodies was treated or antibodies against TNF-alpha, IL-1alpha, and bFGF was co-administrated, but not by antibodies against TNF-alpha, IL-1alpha, and bFGF each alone. PAF-augmented pulmonary tumor metastasis was inhibited by p65 AS or antioxidants. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that PAF increases angiogenesis and pulmonary tumor metastasis through NF-kappaB activation and expression of NF-kappaB-dependent angiogenic factors.
Acetylcysteine ; alpha-Tocopherol ; Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Antioxidants ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Interleukins ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; NF-kappa B ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; RNA, Messenger ; Transcription Factors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

The reconstruction of the cheek area is a complex problem because the cheek is the most broad area of the face and is close to the aesthetically important region such as eyelids, nose, and mouth. The ultimate purpose of the cheek reconstruction is the restoration of the original shape and function, and establishment of the harmony with the adjacent structure in terms of color, nature and thickness. Various procedures such as skin graft, local flap, free flap, and local flap using skin expansion have been performed for cheek reconstruction. However, no golden principal or indication has been clarified to be imperative. Analyzing our clinical experiences of the cheek reconstruction, we intend to present a general guide of the cheek reconstruction and to assess the advantages and/or disadvantages of the operative methods. Between march of 1989 and August of 1999, we have experienced 154 cases of the cheek reconstruction. There were 52 males and 73 females, and their ages ranged from 3 to 89 years (mean 28.1 years). Preoperative diagnosis were post-burn deformity(n=74), Romberg disease (n=9), post-traumatic deformity(n=7), hemangioma(n=7), nevus(n=7), neurofibroma(n=5), hemifacial microsomia (n=3), lymphangioma(n=3), cancer(n=6), post-hemimandibulectomy(n=1), radical maxillectomy(n=1). The procedures were one stage cervicofacial flap(49 cases), cervicofacial flap following skin expansion(42 cases), local cheek flap (14 cases), deltocervicopectoral flap(2 cases), skin graft(29 cases), free flap(18 cases). Follow up period ranged from 3 to 72 months(mean 11.8 months). Advantages and disadvantages of each procedures were explained. The satisfaction rate was higher in one stage cervicofacial flap and free flap when assessed by both patients and surgeon. There were 3 cases of the ectropion of lower eylids, 4 cases of partial flap necrosis, and 1 case of exposure of tissue expander. The local flap is always the preferred method for the cheek reconstruction and the free flap is the treatment of choice for the cheek contour reconstruction. Selection of the most suitable flap is mandatory depending on the location and size of the defects.
Cheek* ; Diagnosis ; Ectropion ; Eyelids ; Facial Hemiatrophy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Goldenhar Syndrome ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth ; Necrosis ; Nose ; Skin ; Tissue Expansion Devices ; Transplants

The constricted ear was suggested by Tanzer for the purpose of obviating the confusion involving lop ear, cup ear and prominent ear as defect whose helix turns down, and scapha and fossa triangularis are narrowed. The constricted ear has a spectrum of severity and therefore, requires a graded surgical approach. Tanzer has described the degree of deformities of the constricted ear as falling into three groups. For the correction of constricted ear, there are numerous techniques but we have had difficulties in adopting these techniques in various type. We also describe the various constricted ear as the Tanzer's classification and adopted three methods to each type, banner flap(group I), concha cartilage graft (group II) and rib cartilage graft(group III) for reducing postoperative deformity and confusion in correcting the ear deformities. Constricted ear repairs must be individualized to accomodate each specific deformity. We corrected 22 cases of constricted ear in 20 patients using each optimal method described above according to the degree of deformities. Mild deformities need only reshaping and adjusting of existing tissues, moderate deformities need additional skin and severe deformities require a cartilage graft. For correction of constricted ear, accurate identification of the severity of deformity is essential. The results were satisfactory and we report our experience with relative literatures.
Cartilage ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear* ; Humans ; Ribs ; Skin ; Transplants

PURPOSE: This study was to analyse the factors affecting youth smoking, especially self-efficacy and perceived social norm, based on the stage of change. METHODS: A self-reported survey was conducted during the period from the 21st of April to the 17th of May, 2008. Data were collected from 10,707 students of 12 middle schools in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. The data were analysed with SPSS/WIN 15.0. RESULT: The smoking possibility was 2.18 times higher in the male students than in female students, and 1.76 times higher in 8th-grade students and 2.48 times higher in 9th-grade students than in 7th-grade ones. Smoking possibility increased when students had more experience in alcohol, more friends who smoke, or worse relationship with their parents. Also this study showed that high-level self-efficacy and perceived social norm were acting as inhibiting factors of smoking. CONCLUSION: To reduce the youth's smoking rate, smoking prevention programs should provide educational chances to learn knowledge and skills on how to reject smoking temptation. Also, someone significant like parents should make it clear to the youth that they do not want their children to smoke.
Adolescent* ; Child ; Female ; Friends ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Incheon ; Male ; Parents ; Seoul ; Smoke* ; Smoking*