Objective: To explore the characteristics of graduate students' mental deference style. Methods:1960 graduate students and 3281 college students were assessed with DSQ. Results:The score of graduate students on mature deference style were higher than immature and middle style (3.88?1.02/4.14?1.0,5.68?1.17/5.76?1.06,4.41?0.77/4.58?0.69). The mean score of female graduate students' immature style were higher than male (3.97?0.89/3.85?1.07,t=2.62,P

Under the high pressure of employment, traditional teaching method that is based on inculcating the knowledge to students does not adjust current condition any more. So, we start to looking for a new, more suitable way of teaching.--Project Based-on Learning, and have analyzed the advantages in health information technology teaching by construction doctrine in combination with the concept and principle in wedlock construction. At the same time we introduce project Based-on Learning in concrete application to find a way to put the theory into practice.

Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Uterine Neoplasms ; pathology ; Uterus ; pathology

Objective To investigate vitamin D nutrition of children aging 0-6 years who received routine physical checkup in outpatient clinic,and to provide evidence for supplementation of vitamin D.Methods A total of 3 724 children were enrolled in children healthcare outpatient clinic in the Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Huzhou from January 2013 to March 2014.Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25-(OH) D] levels of the children were measured using electrochemiluminescence to compare serum 25-(OH) D levels and vitamin D deficiency in children of different ages and in seasons.Results The mean 25-(OH) D level in these children was (37.80 ± 11.67) ng/ml,and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 7.33％,neither showing significant difference between boys and girls (t =-1.57,P =0.117 ; x2 ＝ 0.37,P =0.543).The serum 25-(OH) D level in ＞3-and-≤6 years group was remarkably lower than the levels in ≤1 year,＞ 1-and-≤2 years and ＞2-and-≤3 years groups [(27.36 ±8.90) ng/ml vs.(38.64 ± 12.10) ng/ml,t =18.60,P=0.000;vs.(41.63±10.31) ng/ml,t=26.07,P=0.000;vs.(36.85±10.01) ng/ml,t=16.42,P =0.000],and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency significanl higher than those in the other 3 age groups (104/466 vs.122/1 487,x2 =69.06,P =0.000; vs.18/1 106,x2 =196.06,P =0.000; vs.29/665,x2 =85.14,P =0.000).The serum 25-(OH) D level in children in winter was significantly lower than in spring,summer,and autumn [(35.16 ± 11.30) ng/ml vs.(40.03 ± 12.57) ng/ml,t =9.15,P =0.000;vs.(36.86±10.60) ng/ml,t=3.34,P=0.001; vs.(39.99±11.36) ng/ml,t=9.65,P=0.000],and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency significantly higher than in the other 3 seasons (127/1 189 vs.56/ 849,x2 =10.11,P =0.001; vs.54/787,x2 =28.30,P=0.004; vs.36/899,x2 =31.71,P=0.000).Conclusions Vitamin D nutrition status of infants at 0-6 years in our child healthcare outpatient clinic is generally good,except for lower vitamin D level and higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in winter and ＞3-and-≤6 years age group.Therefore,vitamin D supplementation in winter and in children above 3 years old is especially important.Recommendations include more outdoor activities and public education for scientific prevention of vitamin D deficiency.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid diseases in women within 20-week gestation,and to discuss necessity of thyroid diseases screening in women within 20-week gestation.Methods 4986 singleton pregnant women performing prenatal examination in the Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Huzhou were recruited into this study.TSH,FT4,and TPOAb levels were detected with ABBOTT ARCHITECT i4000SR.Results ① The median value of TSH rised,the median value of FT4 went down with increase of the gestational weeks.There was significant difference of median value of TSH and FT4 between early and second trimester of pregnancy(P＜0.01).② Rate of abnormal thyroid function was 12.88％,which was higher in the sec ond trimester of pregnancy than that in early pregnancy,and the difference had statistical significance (P＜0.05).③ Positive rate of TPOAb in pregnant women was 11.41％.TPOAb levels were positively correlated with TSH,and no correlation with FT.TSH levels were negatively correlated with FT4.Prevalance of clinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism in TPOAb positive group was significantly higher than that in TPOAb negative group,and the difference had significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusions Prevalence of thyroid diseases during pregnancy is high.TPOAb is a risk factor and important predictor for hypothyroidism during pregnancy.It is very necessary to perform thyroid diseases screening for pregnant women as early as possible to ensure safety of pregnant women and their babies.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the frequency of peripheral blood T cells among patients positive for both hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and surface antibody (HBsAb). Methods　 Thirty six patients with co-existence of HBsAg and HBsAb diagnosed were enrolled as the experimental group, who were admitted by Shanghai tenth people's hospital and Wuxi 9th people's hospital from 2014 to 2020. while 40 patients tested positive for HBsAg and negative for HBsAb served as controls, who were admitted by Wuxi 9th people's hospital. Flow cytometry was used to detect and compare the proportions of peripheral blood CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between the experimental and control groups. In addition, the associations of serum HBsAb level with peripheral blood T cell proportions, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were examined among chronic hepatitis B patients with co-existence of HBsAg and HBsAb using Pearson correlation analysis. Results　The median age, gender distribution, mean ALT and AST concentrations, proportion of HBV DNA viral load>103 copies/mL, seroprevalence of HBV E antigen (HBeAg), seroprevalence of HBV E antibody (HBeAb), seroprevalence of HBV core antibody (HBcAb) were comparable between the experimental and control groups, and there were no significant difference in them (P>0.05). There were no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of CD3+ T cell proportion [(71.83±1.50)% vs (72.75±1.47)%; t=0.66, P>0.05], CD4+ T cell proportion [(36.81±1.53)% vs (39.88±1.57)%; t=1.43, P>0.05] and CD8+ T cell proportion [(33.17±2.04)% vs (32.40±1.75)%; t=0.77, P>0.05]. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the serum HBsAb level did not significantly correlate with peripheral blood CD3+ (r=0.026, P=0.65), CD4+ (r=‒0.08, P=0.16) and CD8+ T cell proportions (r=0.09, P=0.24), CD4+/CD8+ T proportion (r=‒0.005, P=0.35), serum ALT (r=0.04, P=0.56) and AST levels (r=0.002, P=0.69) among chronic hepatitis B patients with co-existence of HBsAg and HBsAb. Conclusions　There are no significant differences between HBsAg+/HBsAb+ and HBsAg+/HBsAb- CHB patients in terms of peripheral blood CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proportions.

AlM: To observe the influence of phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation on retinal thickness changes of macular center fovea using optical coherence tomography ( OCT) in cataract patients.METHODS: Surgical eyes of 60 cases with cataract were as surgery group, the contralateral eye were as controls group. There was no complication before and during the surgery. Macular thickness was examined by OCT preoperatively and 1wk, 1, 3, and 6mo after surgery. The retinal thickness changes of macular center fovea were compared after surgery. The SPSS 17. 0 software was used for statistical analysis. The paired t-test and variance analysis were used in two groups before and after surgery for relevant statistical data analysis (α=0. 05).RESULTS: ln surgery group, the retinal thickness changes of macular center fovea at 1wk, 1, 3mo after treatment had significant differences compared with preoperation (P<0. 05). The retinal thickness changes of macular center fovea at 6mo after treatment had no statistical significance compared with preoperation ( P>0. 05). The retinal thickness changes of macular center fovea was significantly higher than other groups at 1mo after treatment (P<0. 05). The center fovea appeared to be abnormally thickened in 12 eyes, including 10 eyes of single fovea thickening and 2 eyes of cystoid macular edema in 2~4wk following surgery. Eleven eyes of them were resolved till 6mo postoperatively. ln control group, preoperation or after operation for 1wk, 1, 3, and 6mo respectively, P values were without statistical differences ( P > 0. 05 ). There were no statistical significant differences on retinal thickness of macular center fovea between two groups before and 6mo after surgery ( P>0. 05), while there were significant differences at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after surgery (P<0. 05) CONCLUSlON: The retinal thickness changes of macular center fovea increases significantly after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation. ln a few of cases appear macular edema, but the majority of patients can be restored, prognosis is good.

OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC method for determination of the related substances and content of glucosamine hydrochloride products from different manufacturers, and evaluate the quality variation of products of three dosage forms from eight different manufacturers. METHODS: The determination method was developed on a Phenomenex Luna NH2 column(4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm), with phosphate buffer (7.0 g dipotassium hydrogen phosphate dissolved in a suitable amount of water, diluted with 0.5 mL ammonia, add water to 2 000 mL, adjusted to pH 7.5 with phosphoric acid)-acetonitrile (25:75) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.5 mL· min-1. The column temperature was maintained at 30℃ and detection wavelength was set at 195 nm. RESULTS: The system suitability test met the requirements, and the resolution between the peaks of glucosamine hydrochloride and the impurities were greater than 1.5. Good linearity was shown for glucosamine hydrochloride in the concentration range of 0.156 64-15.664 mg·mL-1 (r=0.999 9). The average recovery rate was 101.14%, with RSD of 1.20% (n=9). CONCLUSION: The established method can be applied in the simultaneous determination of the related substances and content of glucosamine hydrochloride products and provide reference for the quality control.

OBJECTIVE: In vivo study on the oxybutynin hydrochloride (OXB) ethosomal gel in rabbits was carried out to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters in comparison to contrast gel. METHODS: After transdermal administration in rabbits of the OXB ethosomal gel and contrast gel respectively, OXB in the plasma was determined by HPLC-MS, the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with DAS 2.1.1. RESULTS: Dose of OXB for 20 mg in the ethosomal gel and for 50 mg in contrast gel transdermal delivery, the AUC0→48 of ethosomal gel and contrast gel were 597.63, 518.40 ng · h · mL-1, ρmax were 27.91, 29.81 ng · mL-1, and tmax were 6.67, 4.67 h respectively. A relative bioavailability of OXB ethosomal gel was 288.4% compared with contrast gel. CONCLUSION: In vivo experiments indicate that the OXB ethosomal gel not only reduce the drug dosage, but also show good bioavailability in rabbits.

Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bleomycin ; therapeutic use ; Dacarbazine ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Hodgkin Disease ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Hairy Cell ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Mitoxantrone ; administration & dosage ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Rituximab ; Splenectomy ; Vidarabine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Vinblastine ; therapeutic use