No abstract available.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Cicatrix*

The objective of this study is to examine the correlation between the tolylene concentration in the work environment of organic solvents and the concentration of hippuric acid in urine of workers exposed toluene, and to acquire the fundamental materials of workers' health care and to assist the assessment of the biological permissible exposure limit. The control groups are 72 workers who had never been exposed to toluene and the case groups are 101 workers who had been exposed to toluene. This study was conducted to examine the correlation between the concentration of toluene in work environment and workers' hippuric acid concentration, to investigate the complaint difference of subjective symptoms by means of questionnaire, between the case groups and control groups. The results and conclusions are as follows: 1) The highest mean concentration of toluene in the air is 544.13+/-7.75 ppm in the Printing Department of mixing organic solvents. The concentrations of the others are 463.27+/-5.24 ppm in Department of mixture for organic solvents, and 393.56+/-45.69 ppm in the Printing Department(1), and 248.38+/-45.16 ppm in the Printing Department(2), and 159.38+/-18.51 ppm in the Printing Department(3). 2) The highest mean concentration of hippuric acid in urine is 6034.84+/-1298.35 mg/l in the Printing Department with mixing organic solvents. The concentrations of the others are 4798.44+/-784.53 mg/l in Department of mixture of organic solvents, and 2883.06+/-701.90 mg/l in the Printing Department(1), and 1449.98+/-905.19 mg/l in the Printing Department(2), and 598.52+/-299.43 mg/l in the Printing Department(3). 3) As the toluene concentration in the work environment becomes higher, the concentration of hippuric acid in urine also becomes higher. It is found that the coefficient of correlation between toluene concentration and the concentration of hippuric acid are positive (r=0.868, Y=7.18X+349.57). 4) It is found that the case groups complain of much more subjective symptoms than the control groups.
Delivery of Health Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Solvents ; Toluene*

BACKGROUND: This study aims to obtain basic data regarding the proper maintenance and potential role of humidifiers in the development of nosocomial pneumonia. We investigated into a spectrum of bacteria that grew after disinfection in humidifiers that were used in intensive care units (ICUs). The bacteria were isolated at different time points after disinfection. METHODS: We randomly selected 6 humidifiers that were used in an ICU and conducted a series of bacterial culture studies at 24 hr, 48 hr, 72 hr and 168 hr after disinfecting the six humidifiers. The fluid from the humidifider was cultured in the same manner as the dialysate. RESULTS: No bacteria were isolated in most of the 6 humidifiers 24 hr after the disinfection of the instruments. Gram-negative bacilli such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Burkholderia cepacia, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were cultured at 48 hr after disinfection. CONCLUSION: Regular and thorough disinfection of humidifiers is necessary to prevent possible spread of infection via humidifiers in the ICU.
Acinetobacter baumannii ; Bacteria ; Burkholderia cepacia ; Disinfection ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Pneumonia ; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Mohs Surgery* ; Sutures*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Osteogenesis

The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary habits, dietary attitudes, perceptions for nutritional importance, nutritional knowledge and frequency of food intake to get the basic data of effective nutritional knowledge to form desirable dietary habits of students. This study was carried out through a questionnaire. The subjects were 362 teenagers (boys 161, girls 201) in some farming and fishing regions of Jeonnam. The most desirable dietary habit was that both boys and girls never skipped their lunch, the undesirable dietary habit was that boys ate too fast and girls had too many snacks. While boys ate faster than girls (p < 0.01), girls skipped dinner more frequently than boys (p < 0.01). In terms of dietary attitudes, boys had more desirable attitudes than girls in that they "choose nutritious food" (p < 0.01), "enjoyed healthy food more than favorite food" (p < 0.01), "think about basic food groups when having something" (p < 0.01) while girls had more desirable attitudes than boys in that they "only have favorite food" (p < 0.01). In nutritional knowledge, girls showed a percentage of more correct answers than boys in "is likely to suffer anemia without enough iron" (p < 0.05), and "it doesn't need to eat fat, which causes obesity" (p < 0.05). In general, girls had higher nutritional knowledge than boys. For frequency of food intake, boys ate more fried and broiled food than girls (p < 0.05). In general, boys had nutritional unbalanced diets more than girls. As a result, girls had higher levels of nutritional knowledge and boys had more desirable dietary habits and attitudes. We should have systematic and repetitive education about nutrition so that teenagers could practice their nutritional knowledge in diets. Moreover, it is necessary to develop proper education for their genders.
Adolescent* ; Anemia ; Diet ; Eating ; Education ; Female ; Food Habits* ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do* ; Lunch ; Meals ; Snacks

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of Mini Monoka silicone stent insertion in treating nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children. METHODS: In 67 eyes of 61 children with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, the Mini Monoka silicone stent was inserted after probing under general anesthesia. The duration of epiphora or discharge, the age at the time of surgery, and probing history were recorded. The surgical results and postoperative complications were analyzed for the cases herein of Mini Monoka silicone stent insertion. RESULTS: The technical success rate of Mini Monoka silicone stent insertion was 91% in children with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, and the success rate for children without probing history was much higher than for those with probing history (81.5 : 97.5%, p=0.035). Postoperatively, the symptoms were resolved in 54 of 61 eyes (88.5%). The duration of preoperative symptoms was shorter in the successful group than in the failed group (15.9+/-7.1 : 21.9+/-8.8 months, p=0.044). Mini Monoka silicone tube was easily removed at 5.6 months after insertion in the clinic. Dacryocystitis was found to be a complication in two eyes yet was resolved without recurrence. Of the seven eyes with spontaneous extrusion of the stent, symptoms subsided in five eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Mini Monoka silicone stent insertion is an effective and relatively easy method, with a low risk of complication, to treatment children with nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
Anesthesia, General ; Child* ; Dacryocystitis ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Nasolacrimal Duct* ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Silicones* ; Stents*

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of Mini Monoka silicone stent insertion in treating nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children. METHODS: In 67 eyes of 61 children with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, the Mini Monoka silicone stent was inserted after probing under general anesthesia. The duration of epiphora or discharge, the age at the time of surgery, and probing history were recorded. The surgical results and postoperative complications were analyzed for the cases herein of Mini Monoka silicone stent insertion. RESULTS: The technical success rate of Mini Monoka silicone stent insertion was 91% in children with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, and the success rate for children without probing history was much higher than for those with probing history (81.5 : 97.5%, p=0.035). Postoperatively, the symptoms were resolved in 54 of 61 eyes (88.5%). The duration of preoperative symptoms was shorter in the successful group than in the failed group (15.9+/-7.1 : 21.9+/-8.8 months, p=0.044). Mini Monoka silicone tube was easily removed at 5.6 months after insertion in the clinic. Dacryocystitis was found to be a complication in two eyes yet was resolved without recurrence. Of the seven eyes with spontaneous extrusion of the stent, symptoms subsided in five eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Mini Monoka silicone stent insertion is an effective and relatively easy method, with a low risk of complication, to treatment children with nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
Anesthesia, General ; Child* ; Dacryocystitis ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Nasolacrimal Duct* ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Silicones* ; Stents*

OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to determine the usefulness of transvaginal ultrasonographic assessment of the uterine cervix and to compare the diagnostic performance of ultrasonographic and digital examination of the cervix in predicting a successful induction of labor. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred-one singleton term pregnancies without ruptured membranes admitted for the labor induction were included in this study. Digital examination and transvaginal ultrasonography of the uterine cervix were performed at the time of admission. Cervical parameters evaluated included cervical length, presence of funneling, funnel length, and funnel width. Labor induction was underwent by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) vaginal suppository and/or pitocin intravenous infusion. Outcome variable was a successful labor induction within 48 hours after beginning of the induction. RESULTS: The prevalence of induction failure was 10.9% (11/101). Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve and multiple logistic regression analysis indicated a significant relationship between the successful induction of labor and cervical length <3.1 cm. The diagnositic indices of endocervical length was superior to those of Bishop's cervical score in predicting a successful induction of labor. In patients with cervical length <3.1 cm, the labor was induced successfully with fewer tablets of PGE2, less use of pitocin infusion, and shorter induction-delivery interval. CONCLUSION: Transvaginal ultrasonographical examination of the uterine cervix is more accurate than digital examination of the cervix in the prediction of a successful induction of labor in term gestation.
Cervix Uteri* ; Dinoprostone ; Female ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Logistic Models ; Membranes ; Oxytocin ; Pregnancy* ; Prevalence ; Suppositories ; Tablets ; Ultrasonography