No abstract available.
Vibrio vulnificus* ; Vibrio*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia* ; Humans ; Outpatients*

Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome is one of the very rare genetic diseases which primarily affects face, hands and feet. At first, Freeman and Sheldon described this syndrome as cranio-carpo-tarsal dystrophy in 1938 and later Burian, as "whistling face" syndrome in 1963. There were 60 cases of reports in the world up to now, and only one paper with 5 cases in a family was reported in Korea. The authors report 2 cases of Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome associated with bilateral inguinal hernias and undescended tests in a family, briefly review the literature and alert orthopaedic surgeons to this condition.
Cryptorchidism ; Foot ; Hand ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Surgeons

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Femur* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

BACKGROUND: Epidural morphine has been commonly used to provide postoperative pain relief, but it has many side effects such as nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, and pruritus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and side effects by combination use of epidural morphine and butorphanol. METHODS: Forty five patients were randomly divided into 3 groups. For group I, a bolus of 4.7 ml of saline and 3 mg of morphine were administered. For group II, a bolus of 4.2 ml of saline and 3 mg of morphine and 1 mg of butorphanol were administered. For group III, a bolus of 3.2 ml of saline and 3 mg of morphine and 3 mg of butorphanol were administered. Continuous epidural analgesia were administered for all groups; group I (saline 99.4 ml and morphine 6 mg), group II (saline 98.4 ml, morphine 6 mg, and butorphanol 2 mg), group III (saline 96.4 ml, morphine 6 mg, and butorphanol 6 mg) by two day infuser, 2 ml/hr. We compared the side effects and analgesic effect of the three groups for 2 days. RESULTS: The incidence of pruritus, nausea and vomiting was reduced significantly in the group II and III, but the incidence of somnolence increased in the group III. There were no significant differences in analgesic effect and the other side effects among the three groups. CONCLUSION: Above results suggest that the addition of butorphanol to morphine in epidural infusion reduce the incidence of pruritus, nausea and vomiting, but increase the incidence of somnolence.
Analgesia* ; Analgesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Butorphanol* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Morphine* ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Pruritus ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Epidural morphine has been commonly used to provide postoperative pain relief, but it has many side effects such as nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, and pruritus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and side effects by combination use of epidural morphine and butorphanol. METHODS: Forty five patients were randomly divided into 3 groups. For group I, a bolus of 4.7 ml of saline and 3 mg of morphine were administered. For group II, a bolus of 4.2 ml of saline and 3 mg of morphine and 1 mg of butorphanol were administered. For group III, a bolus of 3.2 ml of saline and 3 mg of morphine and 3 mg of butorphanol were administered. Continuous epidural analgesia were administered for all groups; group I (saline 99.4 ml and morphine 6 mg), group II (saline 98.4 ml, morphine 6 mg, and butorphanol 2 mg), group III (saline 96.4 ml, morphine 6 mg, and butorphanol 6 mg) by two day infuser, 2 ml/hr. We compared the side effects and analgesic effect of the three groups for 2 days. RESULTS: The incidence of pruritus, nausea and vomiting was reduced significantly in the group II and III, but the incidence of somnolence increased in the group III. There were no significant differences in analgesic effect and the other side effects among the three groups. CONCLUSION: Above results suggest that the addition of butorphanol to morphine in epidural infusion reduce the incidence of pruritus, nausea and vomiting, but increase the incidence of somnolence.
Analgesia* ; Analgesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Butorphanol* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Morphine* ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Pruritus ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Vomiting

Over the past 30 years, there has been an increase in the incidence of multifetal pregna-ncies, primarily because of the introduction of ovarian stimulants for ovulation induction and assisted reproductive technology ( ART ) in infertile patients. It is well established that multifetal pregnancies are associated with an increased frequency of the maternal complications and gre-ater perinatal morbidity and mortyality. The adverse outcome of multifetal pregnancies is dire-ctly proportional to the number of fetuses, primarily as an consequence of prterm delivery. Re-duction in the number of fetuses in multifetal pregnancies has been proposed as a way to impr-ove the perinatal outcome in this situation. Therefore, selective fetal reduction ( SFR ) is sugges-ted as a therapeutic option for continuation of pregnancy with fetuses mature enough to survi-ve. In this paper, we report our infertility clinic experiences with 6 patients who carried mult- ifetal pregnancies including 1 quintuplet, 1 quadruplet, and 4 triplets. from January, 1991 to May, 1996, transabdominal SFR was accomplished by fetal intrathoracic KCl injection at 9~10 weeks of gestation. After the prcedure, 4 patients remained as twin pregnancies, and 2 patients as single pregnancy. There have been 3 sets of twin deliveries and the 2 sets of single delivery. One case was aborted. Two patients were delivered after 37 weeks of gestation, 2 patients were at 35 weeks, and 1 patient at 24 weeks. All babies have been healthy after birth in patients after 35 weeks gestation. There was no fetal anomaly related to the procedure in the 6 cases. We concluded that transabdominal SFR is a rather safe and useful procedure that may improve the outcome of multifetal pregnancies.
Fetus ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Ovulation Induction ; Parturition ; Pregnancy Reduction, Multifetal* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Quadruplets ; Quintuplets ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Triplets ; Twins

BACKGROUND: In renal transplantation, a good HLA-DR match Is associated with successive graft outcome. But due to a number of technical problems, reliable serological DR typing cannot always be obtained. To compare the serological DR typing with DRBI DNA typing, we tested 103 specimens that had been frozen after serological typing, by PCR-SSOP typing method. METHODS: Serological DR typing was performed by complement-dependent microlymphocytotoxicity technique using commercial antisera kits, and DNA gyp ins was performed by PCR-SSOP, using one of the methods recommended by 12th International Histocompatibility Workshop. DNA amplification was done by DRBAMP-A and DRBAMP-B primers, and hybridization by 18 oligonucleotides labelled with digoxigenin.. RESULTS: The concordance rate between serologic typing and DNA typing was 76.7%. Most (79.0%) of discordant results were due to serological blanks turning out to be definable antigens by DNA typing and these antigens consisted of mainly DR5 splits but none of DR1, DR2, or DR7. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of technical improvement, serological typing method often can not define the accurate HLA-DR type. It is thought that combining serological typing with DNA typing Is necessary to achieve a higher success rate of graft outcome.
Digoxigenin ; DNA ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Education ; Histocompatibility ; HLA-DR Antigens* ; Immune Sera ; Kidney Transplantation ; Oligonucleotides ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: There is a long-standing controversy whether melanocytes in vitiligo of more than 1 year duration are actually lost or still present. Resolving this matter is essential in understanding the underlying pathology and for the development of the treatment. On previous immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of vitiligo lesions, damage of melanocyte and keratinocyte in early lesions were reported and complete absence of melanocyte in long standing lesions were known. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the existence of the differences in pathologic changes in melanocytes according to the duration of the lesion. METHODS: We investigated the vitiliginous skin samples from 31 patients with early(less than 1 year duration) vitiligo and 30 patients with long standing(l to 5 years duration) vitiligo under the electron microscopy. RESULTS: Multiple degenerative changes in melanocytes were observed in the early and long standing lesions. In long standing lesions, degeneration of melanocytes including pyknotic, in-dented nuclei, vacuolated cytoplasms and blunted dendrites were more pronounced than early lesions. Even in long standing lesions, definite or presumptive melanocytes were observed in 16(53.3%) of 30 cases. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the melanocytes of vitiligo lesions were damaged and that the percentage of degenerative changes increase in accordance with the duration of the lesion. However, in long standing lesions as well as in early lesions, some residual melanocytes can be observed ultrastructurally.
Cytoplasm ; Dendrites ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Melanocytes ; Microscopy, Electron ; Pathology ; Skin ; Vitiligo*