Venous thrombotic disease is a serious disease,which impact on health and life-threatening.Pulmonary embolism and deep-vein thrombosis are the two components of a single disease called venous thromboembolism in obstetrics and gynecology.but it can be difficult to diagnose because clinical symptoms and signs are non-specific or absent in early venous thrombus embolism (VTE).It has great value that how to use the most economic,simple,efficient method for screened high-risk groups,timely and accurate laboratory diagnosis of VTE.

The clinical data and ultrasound findings of 185 patients with thyroid nodules undergoing thyroidectomy from June to December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.Postoperative pathology confirmed malignant thyroid nodules in 86 cases and benign nodules in 99 cases.The ultrasonographic findings showed that there were significant differences in obscure boundary [51％ (44/86) vs.16％ (16/99)],hypoecho [(95％ (82/86) vs.27％ (27/99)],internal micro-calcification [63％ (54/86) vs.21％ (21/99)] and lymph node enlargement [33％ (28/86) vs.5％ (5/99)] between malignant and benign nodules (all P ＜ 0.05).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) in differentiation of malignant and benign thyroid nodules were 77％ (66/86),86％ (85/99),83％ (66/80),81％ (85/105) and 82％ (151/185),respectively.The positive rates of thyroid globulin antibody(TGAb) and thyroid peroxydase antibody (TPO-Ab) in malignant nodules [6％ (5/79) and 25％ (20/79)] were significantly higher than those in benign nodules [0 (0/94) and 12％ (11/94)] (both P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in free T3 (FT3),free T4 (FT4) and TSH between the two groups [(4.91-± 0.78) vs.(4.93-± 1.98) pmol/L,(13.57 ±2.22) vs.(13.58 ±2.17)pmol/Land(1.78±1.40) vs.(1.88±2.36)mU/L] (allP＞0.05).The results indicate that TI-RADS grading and thyroid immunity index are valuable for differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Objective If IL-2 and IFN-? are united,perhaps we may see a more significant antitumor effect.A fusion gene of IL-2 and IFN-? was designed and constructed by DNA engineering.Methods CEA promotor、IL-2cDNA and IFN-?cDNA were obtained by PCR and RT-PCR.SDS-PAGE was used to examine the results;pcDNA-IL-2、pcDNA-IFN-?、pCEA-IL-2/ IFN-?、pEGFP-IL-2/ IFN-? were transfected to CEA high expression cell line(Lovo)by use of liposome.The fusion protein expression was examined by fluorescence microscope and Western blotting.Results IL-2/ IFN-? fusion gene can be expressed in tumor cells.Its expression is more obvious in CEA high expressed cells(Lovo),and can be located in cell plasma.Conclusion The fusion gene can be expressed in plasma of CEA high expressed cell lines.It may have a new anti-tumor effects.

It is necessary to have a research on dental fluorosis in a population to minimize the prevalence and severity of caries.It is important to research the pathogenesis of enamel fluorosis and prevention and control of dental fluorosis and caries.This article reviews the progress in chemistry and biology of dental fluorosis.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is gaining extensive attention in recent years because of the high incidence. But because of the complex symptoms and signs, there exist no diagnostic consensus. In this paper, the available objective diagnostic methods so far are reviewed, in the purpose of discussing the approach of objective and accurate diagnosis of LPR.
Humans ; Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ; diagnosis

Objective To evaluate application effectiveness of quality control circle (QCC)in increasing the face mask wearing rate of hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)patients.Methods Nine nurses in department of tu-berculosis formed a ‘circle’,the theme of ‘improving the face mask wearing rate of hospitalized pulmonary TB pa-tients’was established,rectification measures were formulated and implemented,face mask wearing rates of pa-tients before and after implementing QCC activities were analyzed statistically.Results The face mask wearing rate of hospitalized pulmonary TB patients after implementing QCC activities was higher than that before implementing QCC activities (87.50% [147/168]vs 65.54%[116/177],P <0.05).The abilities of every ‘circle member’have been improved in the following aspects:problem-solving skills,sense of responsibility,communication skills,self-confidence,team working,enthusiasm,quality-control techniques,and cooperation abilities,the total average score increased from 23.78 before implementing QCC to 33.78 after implementing QCC.Conclusion QCC activities can not only improve the face mask wearing rate of hospitalized pulmonary TB patients,but also enhance circle mem-bers’quality-control skills and team spirit.

Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) is an important cause of ischemic stroke in young adults w ith ischemic stroke. The clinical manifestations are often local facial pain, Horner syndrome, and ischemic stroke. With the development of noninvasive imaging, many patients w ith CeAD have got early diagnosis. Thromboembolism is an important mechanism of its pathogenesis. Timely giving anticoagulation therapy is reasonable. How ever, anticoagulants may lead to intramural hematoma expansion; therefore, there are also people w ho support antiplatelet therapy. How ever, the effectiveness of the 2 regimens needs to be confirmed by randomized trials. The recently completed Cervical Artery Dissection in Stroke Study (CADISS) in patients w ith stroke is the first prospective study aiming at the problem. The results have show ed that there w as no significant difference in efficacy betw een the anticoagulants and the antiplatelet drugs. Thrombolysis in patients w ith acute CeAD can not increase the risks of hemorrhage, and the rate of good functional outcome is similar to that of the control group. Therefore, it can be used as a treatment method in acute phase. For patients w hose antithrombotic treatment is invalid or having contraindications and repeated recurrent stroke can conduct endovascular intervention or surgical treatment. Usualy, the prognosis of patients w ith CeAD is better. The stroke recurrence rate is low . The abnormal arterial w als in more than half of the patients w il disappear at 3 to 6 months.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of autologous drainage blood reinfusion in total knee arthroplasty(TKA). Methods Computers were used to search the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and VIP. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of autologous drainage blood reinfusion and vacuum suction without reinfusion after TKA were collected. And the results were analyzed by using the software RevMan5.1. Results Eight RCTs met the criteria for meta-analysis. Use of autologous drainage blood reinfusion significantly reduced the average amount of units of homologous blood transfusion, the length of hospital stay, and the number of patients requiring homologous blood transfusion. The rates of DVT formation and incision infection did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions Autologous drainage blood reinfusion is a safe, effective procedure with less blood transfusion and medical cost. It can lower volume of allogeneic blood transfusion , shorten length of hospital stay, and avoid occurrence of complications.

The incidence of malnutrition among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) constantly increases despite the development of health care and dialysis techniques.New nutritional targets for CKD patients upon maintenance treatment have been developed.Before dialysis,evidences have shown that a long-term nutritional care plan,with a control of protein intake,can effectively correct metabolic disorders including proteinuria and acidosis.During the maintenance dialysis,the optimal protein and energy intakes have been recently challenged.The new classification of nutritional disorders in CKD patients may help the easily identification of protein-energy wasting.

ObjectiveTo develop the military acute stress scale and examine the reliability and validity of this scale.MethodsBased upon the previous acute stress researches and the rule of psychometrics,the military acute stress scale was compiled according to open-ended inventory survey.A total of 630 personnel were chosen by random cluster sampling,and tested with this scale,50 of them were tested by Chinese Military psychosomatic health Scale simultaneously,and 50 of them were retested after two week.The reliability and validity were examined by exploratory factor analysis,confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis.ResultsThe military acute stress scale was comprised of 9 factors and one lie sub-scale ; Main fit indexes of model were the following CMIN =1219.476,DF =593,P =0.000,CMIN/DF =2.056,IFI =0.927,TLI =0.902,CFI =0.924,RMSEA =0.059; The conrelation coefficients between subscales and subscales were 0.284-0.572.The correlation coefficients between subscales and total scale were 0.700 ～ 0.846 (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ) ; The correlation coefficients was significant between this scale and Chinese military psychosomatic health scale.The correlation coefficients were 0.338-0.962 (P ＜ 0.01 ).The test-retest correlation coefficients of total scale and subscales were 0.379-0.909 (P ＜ 0.01 ).The Cronbaeh's α coefficients were 0.606-0.926 ; and the split-half correlation coefficients were 0.466-0.855.ConclusionThe military acute stress scale has acceptable psychometrics properties on reliability and validity.