No abstract available.
Atherosclerosis* ; Insulin Resistance* ; Insulin*

BACKGROUND: The subcellular localization and activity of beta-catenin are tightly regulated within the cell. The aim of this study was to analyze the aberrant beta-catenin expression in breast carcinomas and to determine its clinical significance. METHODS: Fifty five cases of breast carcinoma were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against beta-catenin. Normal expression of -catenin was defined as exclusive membranous staining. Abnormal expression of beta-catenin was reclassified into 3 categories: complete or partial loss of membranous staining (LOM) without cytoplasmic staining and nuclear staining, LOM with cytoplasmic staining and without nuclear staining, and LOM with nuclear staining and with/without cytoplasmic staining. RESULTS: Normal membranous beta-catenin expression was detected in 25 (45.5%) of 55 cases of breast carcinoma. Thirty cases with abnormal -catenin expression comprised 9 cases (16.1%) showing LOM without cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining, 20 cases (36.4%) showing LOM with cytoplasmic staining and without nuclear staining, and one case (1.8%) showing LOM with nuclear and cytoplasmic staining. Abnormal beta-catenin expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (p=0.03). LOM with cytoplasmic and/or nuclear expression was significantly correlated with poor disease free survival by univariate (p=0.03) and multivariate analyses (p=0.03). In addition, it was correlated with poor overall survival with a borderline significance (p=0.059). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the cytoplasmic and/or nuclear expression of beta-catenin can be used as a biologic marker for predicting disease recurrence and poor patients' survival in breast carcinomas.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; beta Catenin ; Biomarkers ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; Cytoplasm ; Disease-Free Survival ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Neuralgia, Postherpetic*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Insulin*

The methods controlling the confounding factors were discussed using the data of secondary infertility with induced abortion. Mantel-Haenszel method and logistic model were applied in the analysis to find out which factors were confounding and/or effect modificaton variables. In the logistic analysis, the main effect of induced abortion, spontaneous abortion, age and interaction effect between induced abortion and spontaneous abortion werechosen as independent variables being regressed into logistic functions. Spontaneons abortion was interpreted as a potential confounder and at the same time potential effect modifier and age wasinterpreted as potential confounder. Spontaneous abortion was shown to be more important influencing factor than age to the secondary infertility. In the course of logistic analysis, the problem of parameter estimation and hypothesis testing, assessing the fitness of a model, and selection of the best model were briegy explained. For the program of logistic model, FUNCAT Procedure of SAS package was chosen.
Abortion, Induced* ; Abortion, Spontaneous ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility* ; Logistic Models* ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cardiology*