1.The use of laryngeal mask airway Supreme™ in rescue airway situation in the critical care unit.
Shahla SIDDIQUI ; Edwin SEET ; Wing Yan CHAN
Singapore medical journal 2014;55(12):e205-6
We herein report a witnessed cardiopulmonary collapse of a patient with difficult mask ventilation and near-impossible laryngoscopy-cum-intubation in the critical care unit. The airway was successfully rescued with a laryngeal mask airway Supreme™, followed by an open, crash tracheostomy by the otolaryngologist.
Airway Management
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methods
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Critical Care
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Heart Arrest
;
therapy
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Humans
;
Laryngeal Masks
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Larynx
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Oropharyngeal Neoplasms
;
diagnosis
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Trachea
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surgery
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Tracheostomy
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Treatment Outcome
2.Factors behind not using child restrain(t) among hospital employees and general population:A case control study
Siddiqui EMAD ; Afzal BADAR ; Kazi GHAZALA ; Feroz ASHER ; Naeem RUBABA ; Mansoor TARAB ; Allana AHREEN ; Siddiqui SAIF ; Siddiqui ZAIN
World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017;8(4):269-275
BACKGROUND: Motor vehicle crash (MVC) related injury has been identified as a major public health concern. Child restrain (CR) seat belts can minimize the mortality and morbidity from MVC. The use for seat belts is substantially low in developing countries like Pakistan even though its use has been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality by a significant extent. METHODS: This was a case control study with cases from the general population (GP) and controls from the Aga Khan University (AKU) employees in a 3:1 ratio. The study questionnaire was based on parameters like gender, education level, awareness and presence of CR and also assessed the frequency of usage, reasons for not using CR and the source of knowledge regarding CR use. RESULTS: Out of 848 respondents, 212 were from AKU and 636 were from the GP. 96.7% from AKU had at least a bachelor's degree while less than half (42.6%) of those from the GP were graduate or above (P<0.001). A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups with drivers from AKU being generally more aware about CR and its use. 81.1% of the group from AKU compared to 59.7% from the general population were found to be aware of child restraint use (P<0.001). Media (40.6%) was found to be the most common source of information amongst the AKU employees. CONCLUSION: Most motor vehicle related injuries in children can be prevented or their severity may be reduced by the use of appropriate child restraint seat belts.
3.Surgeons Take on End-of-Life Care.
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2013;42(11):611-612
4.Pharmacological properties of Datura stramonium L. as a potential medicinal tree:An overview
Soni Priyanka ; Siddiqui Ahmad Anees ; Dwivedi Jaya ; Soni Vishal
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012;(12):1002-1008
India has a great wealth of various naturally occurring plant drugs which have great potential pharmacological activities. Datura stramonium (D. stramonium) is one of the widely well known folklore medicinal herbs. The troublesome weed, D. stramonium is a plant with both poisonous and medicinal properties and has been proven to have great pharmacological potential with a great utility and usage in folklore medicine. D. stromonium has been scientifically proven to contain alkaloids, tannins, carbohydrates and proteins. This plant has contributed various pharmacological actions in the scientific field of Indian systems of medicines like analgesic and antiasthmatic activities. The present paper presents an exclusive review work on the ethnomedical, phytochemical, pharmacological activities of this plant.
5.Maturation of arteriovenous fistula: Analysis of key factors.
Muhammad A SIDDIQUI ; Suhel ASHRAFF ; Thomas CARLINE
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 2017;36(4):318-328
The growing proportion of individuals suffering from chronic kidney disease has considerable repercussions for both kidney specialists and primary care. Progressive and permanent renal failure is most frequently treated with hemodialysis. The efficiency of hemodialysis treatment relies on the functional status of vascular access. Determining the type of vascular access has prime significance for maximizing successful maturation of a fistula and avoiding surgical revision. Despite the frequency of arteriovenous fistula procedures, there are no consistent criteria applied before creation of arteriovenous fistulae. Increased prevalence and use of arteriovenous fistulae would result if there were reliable criteria to assess which arteriovenous fistulae are more likely to reach maturity without additional procedures. Published studies assessing the predictive markers of fistula maturation vary to a great extent with regard to definitions, design, study size, patient sample, and clinical factors. As a result, surgeons and specialists must decide which possible risk factors are most likely to occur, as well as which parameters to employ when evaluating the success rate of fistula development in patients awaiting the creation of permanent access. The purpose of this literature review is to discuss the role of patient factors and blood markers in the development of arteriovenous fistulae.
Arteriovenous Fistula*
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Fistula
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Humans
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Kidney
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Prevalence
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Primary Health Care
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Renal Dialysis
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Renal Insufficiency
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Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
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Reoperation
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Risk Factors
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Specialization
;
Surgeons
6.Maturation of arteriovenous fistula: Analysis of key factors.
Muhammad A SIDDIQUI ; Suhel ASHRAFF ; Thomas CARLINE
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice 2017;36(4):318-328
The growing proportion of individuals suffering from chronic kidney disease has considerable repercussions for both kidney specialists and primary care. Progressive and permanent renal failure is most frequently treated with hemodialysis. The efficiency of hemodialysis treatment relies on the functional status of vascular access. Determining the type of vascular access has prime significance for maximizing successful maturation of a fistula and avoiding surgical revision. Despite the frequency of arteriovenous fistula procedures, there are no consistent criteria applied before creation of arteriovenous fistulae. Increased prevalence and use of arteriovenous fistulae would result if there were reliable criteria to assess which arteriovenous fistulae are more likely to reach maturity without additional procedures. Published studies assessing the predictive markers of fistula maturation vary to a great extent with regard to definitions, design, study size, patient sample, and clinical factors. As a result, surgeons and specialists must decide which possible risk factors are most likely to occur, as well as which parameters to employ when evaluating the success rate of fistula development in patients awaiting the creation of permanent access. The purpose of this literature review is to discuss the role of patient factors and blood markers in the development of arteriovenous fistulae.
Arteriovenous Fistula*
;
Fistula
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Humans
;
Kidney
;
Prevalence
;
Primary Health Care
;
Renal Dialysis
;
Renal Insufficiency
;
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
;
Reoperation
;
Risk Factors
;
Specialization
;
Surgeons
7.Multi-functional pharmacological credence of triterpenoid 16-hydroxy betulinicacid isolated from Mikania cordata
RAHMAN M.OLIUR ; SIDDIQUI Alam SHAH ; RAHMAN ATIQUR ; AKBAR Ahsanul MOHAMMAD ; ALI Ajmal MOHAMMAD
Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018;32(4):253-254
OBJECTIVE To isolate and characterize bioactive compound from traditionally impor-tant medicinal plant Mikania cordata,and to investigate muti-faced pharmacological activities of the isolated compound.METHODS A triterpeenoid, 16-hydroxy betulinic acid(16 HBA)was isolated from Mikania cordata leaf and the structure of the compound was determined by NMR spectroscopic means.Antimi-crobial activity of 16 HBA was tested by disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the tested microorganisms was determined. The analgesic property of 16 HBA was tested using acetic acid-induced writhes in mice and hot plate thermal stimulation in rats. The anti-inflammatory activity was studied using carrageenin-induced paw edema method. The antipyretic potential of 16 HBA was evaluated by using yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats. RESULTS The triterpenoid 16 HBA showed potent antibacterial activity with inhibition zone of diameter ranging from 12.0~17.5 mm and antifungal activity with mycelial growth inhibition ranges from 37.6%~54.5%.The MIC values for antibacterial and antifungal activities ranged from 31.5~125 and 250~1000 μg·mL-1respectively.The compound(50 and 100 mg·kg-1body weight)showed potent peripheral and central analgesic activity having 55.19% and 41% of writhing inhibition at 90 min after administration of the compound and the highest 55.98%, 79.18% elongation of reaction time,respectively.In anti-inflammatory activity screening,the compound (100 mg·kg-1)revealed the highest 77.08% edema inhibition at 4 h after administration of carrageenan. In antipyretic assay, 16 HBA exhibited a strong antipyretic effect in yeast-induced rats.CONCLUSION The present study confirmed that 16-hydroxy betulinic acid isolated from Mikania cordata has potent anti-microbial,analgesic,anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties.Our results can be seen as scientific support for the traditional and folklore usage of Mikania cordata in Bangladesh for the treatment of different ailments and provide opportunities to explore this plant as a source bioactive compounds for biochemical and pharmaceutical industries.
8.Attitudes towards child restrains and seat belts usage in the learned population of Karachi, Pakistan
Siddiqui EMADUDDIN ; Ejaz KIRAN ; Waheed SHAHAN ; Kazi Irfan GHAZALA ; Khursheed MUNAWAR
World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014;5(3):223-228
BACKGROUND: Motor vehicles crashes (MVCs) are the leading cause of injury related morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Recent evidence proves that properly used child seat belts can dramatically reduce the risk of severe and life-threatening injury from MVCs. There are rarities of thought and inspiration regarding the use of child seat belts in our society and region, therefore we lack of data regarding factors and paucity of usage of child seat belts in motor vehicles. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of child seat belt usage among the educated population in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS: Altogether 304 employees were investigated. They were employees of Aga Khan University who were using their cars and having children younger than 10 years old. A cross sectional observational study was designed, and a 36-item questionnaire in English was used to collect data on participants' demographic details, designation, educational level, economic status, validity of driving license, number of children and cars, availability of adult seat belts and child seat belts along with their functionality, awareness, knowledge and attitude toward its use, and reason of not using these devices. SPSS version 20 for Windows was used to analyze the data and the Chi-square test was used. RESULTS: Totally 290 participants were recruited with a response rate of 72% (212). Of 212 participants, 126 (59%) were male. 154 (72.6%) participants had valid driver licenses, and 154 (72.6%) had adult seat belts in their vehicles. Only 32 (15%) reported regular use of adult seat belts. Although 168 (79.2%) participants had some knowledge about child restrains (CRs), only 65 (22%) had CRs in their cars. Eighty-two (38.7%) participants got the knowledge about CRs and seat belts from media. Mothers were more concerned about the use of CRs than fathers. Only 14 (6.6%) parents were found to use both adult and child seat belts all the time. Of the 157 parents who did not us use CRs, 42 considered unnecessary, 35 lacked relevant knowledge. But 15 parents used CR against their children's wills. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of CR usage among the employees at Aga Khan University, Karachi is dictated by the unavailability of CR, followed by ignorance, inconvenience, and non-acceptance by their children. The important issue of CR has consistently been ignored over the years and it has never gained enough popularity in Pakistan.
9.Right Phrenic Nerve Palsy: A Rare Presentation of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Jamal Akhtar ; Mohammed Azfar Siddiqui ; Nafees Ahmad Khan ; Md Arif Alam
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2013;20(4):98-101
Phrenic nerve palsy causing hemidiaphragm paralysis is a very uncommon feature of thoracic aortic aneurysm. In one case, a 45-year-old man complained of chronic chest pain, dysphagia, and hoarseness of voice; posteroanterior view chest radiograph revealed lobular enlargement of the superior mediastinum and elevated right hemidiaphragm. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the thorax revealed a giant partially thrombosed aneurysm originating from the ascending aorta and extending into the aortic arch, causing a widening of the aorta-pulmonary window and a compression of the thoracic esophagus. Right hemidiaphragm elevation was explained by the gross mass effect of the aneurysm on the right hilum, causing right phrenic nerve palsy. The patient was to be operated on for surgical correction of the aneurysm, but died before surgery due to spontaneous rupture.
Deglutition Disorders
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Hoarseness
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Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic
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Paralysis
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Phrenic Nerve
10.GC/GCMS analysis of the petroleum ether and dichloromethane extracts of Moringa oleifera roots
Faizi Shaheen ; Sumbul Saima ; Versiani Ali Muhammed ; Saleem Rubeena ; Sana Aisha ; Siddiqui Hira
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014;(8):650-654
Objective:To explore the phytochemical constituents from petroleum ether and dichloromethane extracts of Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) roots using GC/GC-MS.
Methods: A total of 5.11 kg fresh and undried crushed root of M. oleifera were cut into small pieces and extracted with petroleum ether and dichloromethane (20 L each) at room temperature for 2 d. The concentrated extracts were subjected to their GC-MS analysis.
Results:The GC-MS analysis of the petroleum ether and dichloromethane extracts of M. oleifera roots, which showed promising biological activities, has resulted in the identification 102 compounds. These constituents belong to 15 classes of compounds including hydrocarbons, fatty acids, esters, alcohols, isothiocyanate, thiocyanate, pyrazine, aromatics, alkamides, cyanides, steroids, halocompounds, urea and N-hydroxyimine derivatives, unsaturated alkenamides, alkyne and indole. GC/GC-MS studies on petroleum ether extract of the roots revealed that it contained 39 compounds, belonging to nine classes. Cyclooctasulfur S8 has been isolated as a pure compound from the extract. The major compounds identified from petroleum ether extract were trans-13-docosene (37.9%), nonacosane (32.6%), cycloartenol (28.6%) nonadecanoic acid (13.9%) and cyclooctasulfur S8 (13.9%). Dichloromethane extract of the roots was composed of 63 compounds of which nasimizinol (58.8%) along with oleic acid (46.5%), N-benzyl-N-(7-cyanato heptanamide (38.3%), N-benzyl-N-(1-chlorononyl) amide (30.3%), bis [3-benzyl prop-2-ene]-1-one (19.5%) and N, N-dibenzyl-2-ene pent 1, 5-diamide (11.6%) were the main constituents.
Conclusions:This study helps to predict the formula and structure of active molecules which can be used as drugs. This result also enhances the traditional usage of M. oleifera which possesses a number of bioactive compounds.