The present study addressed the risk factors in early life for Korean preschool children that are associated with being overweight or obese.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tailored case management using a gatekeeper on depression and life satisfaction in the single-household elderly population. METHODS: The design of Quasi experiment was applied to compare the variables before and after the management. Ninety-seven people who had depression categorized by the Korean Geriatric Depression Scale. RESULTS: Depression (t=11.22, p<.001) and life satisfaction (t=-5.36, p<.001) were improved after management in comparison to the results of pre-tests, and the differences were statistically significant. The difference in the pre-test and post-test scores of the support system (chi2=13.89, p<.001) were significant, while the differences in the perception of depression (chi2=.02, p=.891) and coping methods (chi2=.34, p=.558) were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Tailored case management using a gatekeeper is effective to reduce the degree of depression and improve life satisfaction in the single-household elderly population having depression. This study offers a model of individualized as well as systemic mental health care for the community of single-house hold elderly people as an effective means for prevention of and early intervention in depression.
Aged ; Case Management ; Depression ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Gatekeeping ; Humans ; Mental Health

PURPOSE: This study examined degrees of irrational parenthood cognition, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), spousal support, and quality of life and investigated factors that influence the quality of life of infertile women. METHODS: Research design was a cross sectional correlational survey with a total of 113 female patients receiving treatment for infertility. Data were collected from August 1 to November 30, 2015. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean score of the quality of life was 59.0±14.8. The quality of life was significantly associated with irrational parenthood cognition (r=-.70), post traumatic stress disorder (r=-.65), and spousal support (r=.56). The factors significantly affecting the quality of life in infertile women were irrational parenthood cognition (β=-.45), post traumatic stress disorder (β=-.34), and spousal support (β=.32). The explained variance by these factors was 70.4%, and the regression model was valid (F=89.81, p<.001). CONCLUSION: This study may contribute to the development of nursing intervention program to improve the quality of life of infertile women.
Cognition* ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility ; Nursing ; Quality of Life* ; Research Design ; Stress Disorders, Traumatic*

Endometriosis is a common, benign and chronic gynecologic disorder. It is an estrogen dependent disease that can cause pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea and infertility. Because of its high rate of recurrence, medication after surgery is inevitable. GnRH agonist, Danazol, progestogen and oral contraceptive have been conventionally used for the medical treatment of endometriosis. However, systemic side effects of those agents restrict their usage as long-term management. Increasing knowledge about the pathogenesis of endometriosis has introduced new agents which were more targeted and specified for the prevention of recurrence of endometriosis.
Danazol ; Dysmenorrhea ; Endometriosis ; Estrogens ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Infertility ; Pelvic Pain ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the correlates of maternal perception (identification and satisfaction) of children's weight, maternal body shape satisfaction, and maternal feeding styles in Korean preschool-aged children. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was utilized. Participants consisted of 287 pairs of preschool-aged children (3-6 years) and their mothers. Data were analyzed by chi2-test, Fisher's exact test, ANOVA, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Among the 287 mothers, 47.7% underestimated their children's weight, while 15.7% overestimated it. 46.7% of the mothers wished their children weighed more, while 11.1% of them wished their children weighed less. The mean score of maternal body shape satisfaction was 83.75+/-28.77. The mean score of parent-centered feeding styles was 2.95+/-0.54, and the mean score of child-centered feeding styles was 3.33+/-0.42. There were statistically significant correlations between maternal identification of children's weight and children's body mass index (BMI) (r=-.366, p<.001). In addition, there were statistically significant correlations between maternal satisfaction of children's weight and children's BMI (r=-.484, p<.001), maternal BMI (r=-.126, p=.033), and maternal body shape satisfaction (r=-.127, p=.031). CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggest that intervention programs for mothers to develop more accurate perception of their child's weight should be established.
Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Mothers

No abstract available.
Gastric Emptying*

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab injection in preventing panretinal photocoagulation (PRP)-induced macular edema and visual dysfunction in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of 40 consecutive eyes (20 patients) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy whose visual acuity (logMAR) was 0.2 or less, foveal thickness (microm) was 280 or less, and retinopathy was bilaterally symmetrical. In Group 1 (20 eyes), PRP was performed with intravitreal bevacizumab injection 1 week before the initiation of PRP, but in Group 2 (20 eyes) PRP alone was performed. In all eyes, PRP was completed using the same technique. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and foveal and parafoveal thicknesses were measured before treatment and 1 and 3 months after PRP. RESULTS: Before treatment, the mean BCVA and foveal and parafoveal thicknesses were not statistically significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05). At 1 and 3 months after PRP, the mean BCVA improved and the foveal and parafoveal thicknesses were significantly smaller in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab injection before PRP could help prevent PRP-induced macular edema and visual dysfunction in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and good vision.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Eye ; Humans ; Light Coagulation ; Macular Edema ; Prospective Studies ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab injection in preventing panretinal photocoagulation (PRP)-induced macular edema and visual dysfunction in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of 40 consecutive eyes (20 patients) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy whose visual acuity (logMAR) was 0.2 or less, foveal thickness (microm) was 280 or less, and retinopathy was bilaterally symmetrical. In Group 1 (20 eyes), PRP was performed with intravitreal bevacizumab injection 1 week before the initiation of PRP, but in Group 2 (20 eyes) PRP alone was performed. In all eyes, PRP was completed using the same technique. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and foveal and parafoveal thicknesses were measured before treatment and 1 and 3 months after PRP. RESULTS: Before treatment, the mean BCVA and foveal and parafoveal thicknesses were not statistically significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05). At 1 and 3 months after PRP, the mean BCVA improved and the foveal and parafoveal thicknesses were significantly smaller in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab injection before PRP could help prevent PRP-induced macular edema and visual dysfunction in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and good vision.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Eye ; Humans ; Light Coagulation ; Macular Edema ; Prospective Studies ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab

Depression is a common psychiatric disorder, but accurate recognition of depression is somewhat difficult because of different symptom presentation by age. The consequence of not recognizing to depression is that clinically significant and potentially treatable depression might be overlooked, misdiagnosed, and mistreated in depressive patients. The overlap of somatic symptoms of depression and physical illness and minimal expression of sadness is common in old age. Because of that reasons, alternative approach to identifying depression should be provided by proper screening instruments.
Depression ; Humans ; Mass Screening

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between drinking motivation, drinking refusal self-efficacy, job stress and problem drinking, and identify contributing factors on employees' problem drinking. METHODS: A total of 191 employees recruited from two worksites. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. RESULTS: A 65.5% of employees has shown as hazardous drinking. Employees' problem drinking was significantly influenced by coping motives as a sub-factors of drinking motives (beta=.25) and social pressure as a sub-factors of drinking refusal self-efficacy(beta =-.57), explained 51.2% of the total variance. CONCLUSION: Considering the results of this study, healthy workplace culture for preventing employees' problem drinking should be builded. In addition, alcohol education program and effective employee assistance program need to be developed.
Alcohol Drinking ; Disulfiram* ; Drinking* ; Education ; Humans ; Male ; Motivation* ; Workplace