No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis*

After injecting the posterior pituitery of the albino rats with cholera-toxinconjugated HRP,retrogradely labeled neurons were found in the area of the bednuclei of the stria terminalis (BST),which were then analyzed,based on therecent cytoarchitectonical study of the BST.In the anterior subdivision of the BSTdendrites could be seen in the parastrial nucleus with a few labeled cells surround-ing it;cells of the magnocellular nucleus were found scattered in the subdivision;some labeled cells were also identified in the ventral nucleus.Surrounding the dor-sal half of the posterior division of the BST there were several fairly distinct labe-led cell groups,viz.,the anterior fornical nucleus,medial and lateral dorsal accessorygroups,and the subinterventricular group.Though these cell groups are contiguouswith the BST,they do not seem to belong to the BST itself,but their dendritesoften extend into the posterior division of the BST,thus sharing some commonafferents with the latter.A few less constant cells were sometimes seen scattered invarious parts of the BST.

Concerning the principal individual medical financing responsibility,Singapore provided well medical insurance for low-income groups through the general shared medical subsidy system and the medical assistance system based on income examination.Based on the whole framework of medical insurance system,it analyzed the structure and main content of the all-dimension and multi-tiered medical assistance system in Singapore.It provided references for the medical assistance development in China,including rationally define the scope of medical assistance,respond the outpatient demand and adjust the ageing social development;implementing designated medical institutions treatment systems,especial for primary institutions:introducing social forces during the management of medical assistance.

In this article, the author omitted the ethical statement.

Objective To establish a high performance liquid chromato-graphic method for determining the concentration of baicalin in healthy volunteers.Methods The assay was conducted on the Agilent HC-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm)column with methanol-acetonitrile-phosphoric acid (47 ∶ 53∶0.2)as the mobile phase.The detection wave length was set at 280 nm,and wogonin was taken as the internal standard.Results The linearity range was 0.25～ 12.0 μg/ml with a regressive equation of Y=0.0094 C-0.00175 (r=0.9997).The recovery was above 80％,with both intra-day RSD and inter-day RSD below 10％.Conclusion The method was convenient,rapid,accurate,and suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of baicalin and monitoring its concentration of clinical application.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common defect in human.The genetic basis of CHD is rather complicated.Chromosome aberrations,single gene disorders and polygenic disorders are three known genetic mechanisms that are responsible for cardiac malformations.Recently,with the application and development of molecular genetic approaches in CHD,significant advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiac malformations are being made.

Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)are pluripotential cells,and they can be induced to differentiate into bone cells,cartilage cells,muscle cells,blood vessels and neurogenesis cells.In addition,ESCs are able to participate in the regeneration of ocular surface.At present,many research groups,domestic and abroad,have reported that ESCs can not only differentiate into corneal epithelium-like cells,but also play an important role in the repair of corneal epithelium.However,other unsolved problems in ESCs-related corneal tissue engineering are being concerned,such as the molecular biologic mechanism underlying the directional differentiation from ESCs to corneal cells,and the potential tumorigenicity with grafting of transformed or undifferentiated ESCs.The purpose of this review was to provide a summary of research progress in the differentiation of ESCs into corneal epithelial cells.

Higher occupational education of medicine is an important way of training qualified personnel of medicine,especially medical technicians.The principles we should bear in mind in teaching process are: correct orientation of this education,clear training objectives,a shift of educational concept based on its characteristics and abidance of the guiding ideology of ability-orientation.

Different parts of the cochlea were destroyed in 6 cats (11 sides). The degenerating fibers and preterminal degenerations were studied by the Nauta technique with the following conclusions: 1. The overwhelming majority of the fibers from the spiral ganglion project to within the limit of the cochlear nucleus complex. No fiber degeneration could be found in the trapezoid body. A few degenerating fibers from the basal turn of the spiral ganglion, however, were found in the dorsal acoustic stria. 2. No preteriminal degeneration was found in the “granular cell masses” and “dorsal cell complex of the acoustic tubercle”of G. Fuse. 3. In the dorsal cochlear nucleus, degenerating fibers were found to terminate in the II-V layers. 4. Contrary to Lorente de No’s finding, the present study showed that the fibers from the basal portion of the spiral ganglion bifurcate at the dorsal part of the ventral cochlear nucleus, those from the apical portion at the ventral part. 5. The spiral ganglion projects in a clear-cut topographical way to the 3 parts of the cochlear nucleus complex, viz, the basal portion and the successively more apical portions of the spiral ganglion project (a) to the dorso-medial and successively more ventro-lateral parts of the dorsal cochlear nucleus; (b) to the anterior part of the ventral cochlear nucleus along the dorso-caudo-medial to ventro-rostro-lateral axis; and (c) to the posterior part of the ventral cochlear nucleus along the dorso-rostro-medial to ventro-caudo-lateral axis.

Objective To investigate the effects of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in prostate mesenchymal cell activation .Methods To culture human prostate stromal cells WPMY‐1 in vitro ,implement immunofluorescence staining after treating with DMSO and 10-9 mol/L PGE2 and detect the change of the myofibroblast phenotype .The expression of cellular inflammatory factor interleukin 8(IL‐8) was detected by real‐time quantitative PCR and the concentration of IL‐8 was detected .Results PGE2 significantly in‐creased the cellular proportion of colocalization with alpha SMA and Vimentin in WPMY‐1 cells .PGE2 promoted the expression of IL‐8 in WPMY‐1 cells .Conclusion PGE2 can increase myofibroblast phenotype in human prostate mesenchymal cells WPMY‐1 in vitro culture ,promotes the IL‐8 expression ,which has an important role in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer .