C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Calcitonin ; blood ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pneumonia ; blood ; diagnosis ; Protein Precursors ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA-HOTAIR in prostate cancer cells and its effects on the growth and metastasis of the cells.

METHODSUsing quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), we determined the relative expression of HOTAIR in the normal human prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-I and prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU145. We detected the effects of HOTAIR on the cell cycle and invasiveness of prostate cancer cells by RNA interference, flow cytometry, and Transwell mitration assay.

RESULTSThe expressions of HOTAIR in the PC3 and DU145 cells were increased 3.2 and 5.7 times, respectively, as compared with that in the normal RWPE-1 cells. After si-HOTAIR interference, the prostate cancer cells were arrested in the G2 phase and downregulated in the G1 phase. The invasive ability of the prostate cancer cells was evidently inhibited, with the inhibition rates of 32% and 44% of the PC3 cells and 43% and 34% of the DU145 cells for si-HOTAIR1 and si-HOTAIR2, respectively.

CONCLUSIONIncRNA HOTAIR is highly expressed in prostate cancer, which is associated with the growth and invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. HOTAIR is potentially a novel marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.

Cell Cycle ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Division ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Down-Regulation ; G1 Phase ; G2 Phase ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; metabolism ; RNA, Untranslated ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the application value of totally laparoscopic trans-abdominal-hiatal approach in the radical resection of Siewert type Ⅱ adenocarcinoma of esophago-gastric junction (AEG).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 45 patients with Siewert type Ⅱ AEG who were admitted to the Affiliated Hangzhou First People′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from May 2017 to December 2020 were collected. There were 28 males and 17 females, aged from 35 to 85 years, with a median age of 64 years. All patients underwent radical resection of AEG by totally laparoscopic trans-abdominal-hiatal approach with gastrointestinal anastomosis using proximal gastrectomy with double-tract anastomosis or total gastrectomy with esophagojejunointestinal anastomosis and digestive reconstruction using transdiaphragmatic-hiatal superior overlap esophagojejunostomy. Observation indicators: (1) surgical and postoperative situations; (2) postoperative histopathological examination; (3) follow-up and survival situations. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect survival of patients and tumor recurrence and metastasis up to March 2021. Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as Mean± SD and measure-ment data with skewed distribution were presented as M(range). Results:(1) Surgical and post-operative situations: all 45 patients underwent radical resection of AEG by totally laparoscopic transabdominal-hiatal approach successfully, including 35 cases undergoing total gastrectomy with esophagojejunointestinal anastomosis and 10 cases undergoing proximal gastrectomy with double-tract anastomosis. The total operation time, time of lower mediastinal lymph node dissection, time of superior overlap esophagojejunostomy, volume of intraoperative blood loss, time for initial out-of-bed activities, time to first flatus, time to initial liquid diet intake, time to drainage tube removal of the 45 patients were (235±32)minutes, (25±8)minutes, (45±10)minutes, (70±13)mL, (20±8)hours, (2.3±0.2)days, (2.6±0.8)days and (6.2±1.1)days, respectively. Eleven of 45 patients under-went postoperative complications and none of patient died during perioperative period. The post-operative duration of hospital stay of 45 patients was (10±3)days. (2) Postoperative histopatho-logical examination: all 45 patients had negative upper surgical margin. The length of proximal margin, tumor diameter, total number of lymph lodes harvested and number of lower mediastinal lymph nodes harvested were (2.5±0.5)cm, (2.9±0.8)cm, 35.0±4.0 and 2.4±0.8, respectively. Patholo-gical examination showed adenocarcinoma in all 45 patients with pTNM staging as 5 cases of stage ⅠB, 8 cases of stage ⅡA, 21 cases of stage ⅡB and 11 cases of stage ⅢA. (3) Follow-up and survival situations: 45 patients were followed up for 3 to 46 months, with a median follow-up time of 26 months. During follow-up, 8 of 45 patients died. Of the 37 patients survived, 3 cases underwent liver metastasis and 3 cases underwent bone metastasis, lung metastasis or peritoneal metastasis respec-tively.Conclusion:Total laparoscopic transabdominal-hiatal approach is safe and feasible in the treatment of Siewert type II AEG with a satisfactory clinical efficacy.

Rubus chingii Hu, a member of the rosaceae family, is extensively distributed in China and Japan. Its unripe fruits (Fupenzi in Chinese) have a long history of use as an herbal tonic in traditional Chinese medicine for treating various diseases commonly associated with kidney deficiency, and they are still in use today. Phytochemical investigations on the fruits and leaves of R. chingii indicate the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, phenolics, and organic acids. Extracts or active substances from this plant are reported to have various pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antifungal, antithrombotic, antiosteoporotic, hypoglycemic, and central nervous system-regulating effects. This review provides up-to-date information on the botanical characterizations, traditional usages, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, toxicity, and quality control of R. chingii. Possible directions for future research are also briefly proposed. This review aims to supply fundamental data for the further study of R. chingii and contribute to the development of its clinical use.

The molecular pathogenesis of T-2 toxin-induced cartilage destruction has not been fully unraveled yet. The aim of this study was to detect changes in serum metabolites in a rat anomaly model with articular cartilage destruction. Thirty healthy male Wistar rats were fed a diet containing T-2 toxin (300 ng/kg chow) for 3 months. Histopathological changes in femorotibial cartilage were characterized in terms of chondrocyte degeneration/necrosis and superficial cartilage defect, and the endogenous metabolite profile of serum was determined by UPLC/Q-TOF MS. Treated rats showed extensive areas of chondrocyte necrosis and superficial cartilage defect in the articular cartilage. In addition, 8 metabolites were found to change significantly in these rats compared to the control group, including lysoPE (18:0/0:0), lysoPC(14:0), lysoPC[18:4 (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)], lysoPC[(16:1(9Z)], lysoPC(16:0), L-valine, hippuric acid, and asparaginyl-glycine. These 8 metabolites associated with cartilage injury are mainly involved in phospholipid and amino acid metabolic pathways.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the HIV-1 subtype distribution and HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in patients with ART failure from 2014 to 2020 in Hainan, China. METHODS: A 7-year cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients with ART failure in Hainan. We used online subtyping tools and the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree to confirm the HIV subtypes with pol sequences. Drug resistance mutations (DRMs) were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database. RESULTS: A total of 307 HIV-infected patients with ART failure were included, and 241 available pol sequences were obtained. Among 241 patients, CRF01_AE accounted for 68.88%, followed by CRF07_BC (17.00%) and eight other subtypes (14.12%). The overall prevalence of HIVDR was 61.41%, and the HIVDR against non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and protease inhibitors (PIs) were 59.75%, 45.64%, and 2.49%, respectively. Unemployed patients, hypoimmunity or opportunistic infections in individuals, and samples from 2017 to 2020 increased the odd ratios of HIVDR. Also, HIVDR was less likely to affect female patients. The common DRMs to NNRTIs were K103N (21.99%) and Y181C (20.33%), and M184V (28.21%) and K65R (19.09%) were the main DRMs against NRTIs. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the HIV-1 subtype diversity in Hainan and the importance of HIVDR surveillance over a long period.
Humans ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; HIV-1/genetics* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Phylogeny ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use* ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics* ; HIV Infections/epidemiology* ; Mutation ; China/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Genotype