Health program is an important carrier and platform for carrying out international health cooperation and implementing a national health development policy.It plays an increasingly important role in advancing the global health strategy and deepening the health system reform.Policy briefing is a relatively new research evidence for decision makers to provide packaging tools,which can achieve a rapid transfer of information,exchange experiences and promote the implementation of targets and goals.This study takes examples from the Global Health Support Program (GHSP),stating the functions and characteristics,including writing requirements and skills,to help grasping the general procedure and methods for health management personnel on how to write a health program policy brief.It also anticipates to pronote the application and development of policy brief,and hence,turning out to be an effective tool in deepening reform of the medical and health care system in China.

Objective Through cost-benefit analysis (CBA),cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and quantitative optimization analysis to understand the economic benefit and outcomes of strategy regarding preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) on hepatitis B virus.Methods Based on the principle of Hepatitis B immunization decision analytic-Markov model,strategies on PMTCT and universal vaccination were compared.Related parameters of Shenzhen were introduced to the model,a birth cohort was set up as the study population in 2013.The net present value (NPV),benefit-cost ratio (BCR),incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were calculated and the differences between CBA and CEA were compared.Results A decision tree was built as the decision analysis model for hepatitis B immunization.Three kinds of Markov models were used to simulate the outcomes after the implementation of vaccination program.The PMTCT strategy of Shenzhen showed a net-gain as 38 097.51 Yuan/per person in 2013,with BCR as 14.37.The universal vaccination strategy showed a net-gain as 37 083.03 Yuan/per person,with BCR as 12.07.Data showed that the PMTCT strategy was better than the universal vaccination one and would end with gaining more economic benefit.When comparing with the universal vaccination program,the PMTCT strategy would save 85 100.00 Yuan more on QALY gains for every person.The PMTCT strategy seemed more cost-effective compared with the one under universal vaccination program.In the CBA and CEA hepatitis B immunization programs,the immunization coverage rate and costs of hepatitis B related diseases were the most important influencing factors.Outcomes of joint-changes of all the parameters in CEA showed that PMTCT strategy was a more cost-effective.Conclusions The PMTCT strategy gained more economic benefit and effects on health.However,the cost of PMTCT strategy was more than the universal vaccination program,thus it is important to pay attention to the process of PMTCT strategy and the universal vaccination program.CBA seemed suitable for strategy optimization while CEA was better for strategy evaluation.Hopefully,programs as combination of the above said two methods would facilitate the process of economic evaluation.

Objective To study the relationship of per-capita tobacco consumption and lung cancer mortality in Henan province,and to provide evidence for policy development on tobacco control and reduction of lung cancer mortality.Methods Data regarding lung cancer mortality and per-capita tobacco consumption among household residents from 1992 to 2011,was collected from published almanacs in Henan and Henan Tumor Institutes.Trend Method was used to analyze the development of lung cancer in Henan province and the trend of per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household.‘Spearman rank correlation' was used to analyze the correlation between per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household from 1992 to 2001 and the lung cancer mortality rates from 2002 to 2011,with the lag time unite as 10 years in this study.Cure Estimation was used to fit the model regarding the relationship between per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household and lung cancer.Results Lung cancer mortality among those permanent residents in Henan province increased from 14.75/100 000 in 1992 to 27.00/100 000 in 2011,with an increase of 83.05％.Both the trend of per-capita tobacco consumption among the permanent residents and the lung cancer mortality were uprising,with the tobacco consumption showing a lag effect to the lung cancer mortality.Correlation coefficient between the per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household from 1992 to 2001 and the lung cancer mortality from 2002 to 2011 was rs=0.770,P=0.009＜0.05,with statistically significant difference.Along with the uprising trend of lung cancer mortality,the per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household was also parallelly rising with the equation of relevance betweenper-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household in Henna province and lung cancer as y =2.60 x0.46 (F=576.483) and the R2 was 0.667.Conclusion Per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household in Henan province appeared a factor that influencing the lung cancer mortality and an association between the per-capita tobacco consumption of residents in the household and lung cancer was noticed.Tobacco consumption had a lag trend to the mortality of lung cancer.

Objective To explore the mutual relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) level with metabolic syndrome (MD) and its factors among the physical examination population.Methods A total of 8 285 people undergoing the physical check-up in a hospital in 2013 were selected by sampling and conducted the physical measurement and biochemical detection;the subjects were grouped according to the MS diagnostic standard,gender and SUA.Then the correlation between SUA and MS was analyzed.Results The age,BMI,SBP,DBP,FPG,TG and SUA in the MS patients were significantly higher than those in the patients without MS,while the HDL-C level was significantly lower.The occurrence rate of MS in males was higher than females.With the increase of MS factors,the SUA level showed the overall rising trend;the multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that BMI,DBP and TG were positively correlated with SUA,and the HDL-C level was negatively correlated with the SUA level.The regression equation was Y =-2.135 + 0.066X1 +0.010X2 +0.155X3-0.379X4;the MS detection rate in the HUA group was higher than that in the non-HUA group;in the single factor Logistic regression analysis,the SUA level was significantly related with the MS occurrence (OR=1.007,95％CI 0.006-1.007,P＜0.05),in the SUA diagnostic value for M,AUC in male and female were 0.608 (95 ％CI 0.582-0.634,P＜0.01) and 0.744 (95 ％CI 0.705-0.783,P＜0.01) respectively,the MS best critical diagnostic points in male and female were 360.5 and 256.5,the corresponding diagnostic sensitivities in male and female were 46.49％ and 71.94％,the specificities in male and female were 69.94％ and 69.94％ respectively.Conclusion The SUA level is closely associated with MS,and SUA level has a good predictive effect for MS.

Objective To synthesize relevant data and to analyze the benefit-cost ratio on strategies related to preventing the maternal-infantile transmission of hepatitis B virus infection and to explore the optimal strategy.Methods A decision tree model was constructed according to the strategies of hepatitis B immunization and a Markov model was conducted to simulate the complex disease progress after HBV infection.Parameters in the models were drawn from meta-analysis and information was collected from field study and review of literature.Economic evaluation was performed to calculate costs,benefit,and the benefit-cost ratio.Sensitivity analysis was also conducted and a tornado graph was drawn.Results In view of the current six possible strategies in preventing maternal-infantile transmission of hepatitis B virus infection,a multi-stage decision tree model was constructed to screen hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or screen for HBsAg then hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg).Dose and the number of injections of HBIG and hepatitis B vaccine were taken into consideration in the model.All the strategies were considered to be cost-saving,while the strategy of screening for HBsAg and then offering hepatitis B vaccine of 10 μg × 3 for all neonates with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) of 100 IU × 1 for the neonates born to mothers who tested positive for HBsAg appeared with most cost-saving.In the strategies,the benefit-cost ratio of using 100 IU HBIG was similar to 200 IU HBIG,and one shot of HBIG was superior to two shots.Results from sensitivity analysis suggested that the rates of immunization and the efficacy of the strategy in preventing maternal-infantile transmission were the main sensitive variables in the model.Conclusion The passive-active immune-prophylaxis strategy that using 10μg hepatitis B vaccine combined with 100 IU HBIG seemed to be the optimal strategy in preventing maternal-infantile transmission,while the rates of immunization and the efficacy of the strategy played the key roles in choosing the ideal strategy.

Carrying out the optimal location selection of medical equipment in the medical community plays an important role in scientifically allocating equipment resources and improving the service capacity of medical community. Aiming at minimizing the operating cost of the location selection and configuration of the portable color Doppler ultrasound instrument in the county medical community and the shortest time spent on medical visits for residents, the authors established the total value objective function of the medical community configuration according to the value engineering method; and considered the relevant constraints such as distance, time and personnel quality, the mathematical model of optimal planning for the selection and configuration of portable color Doppler ultrasound equipment in county medical community was constructed. The empirical research results showed that based on the established constraints, after 5 000 iterations, the model output 5 relatively optimized allocation points among the 9 allocation points, and when the allocation number of each allocation point was 1, the total allocation value in the medical community reached the maximum. This study could provide a new idea and feasible method for the allocation of equipment resources of county medical community in China.

Objective:To understand the output of research and education of clinical key Specialties in Henan Province, to analyze the current situation and existing problems, and to provide scientific evidence and suggestions for the improvement of specialist ability.Methods:Through the questionnaire survey to collect the scientific research data of key specialties from 2015 to 2019, apply Epidata 3.0 to input the data, use SPSS 21.0 software to carry out test and Mann Whitney U test, and carry out a comparative analysis of the national and provincial clinical key specialty discipline leaders, medical talent team, academic, scientific research and education output in Henan Province. Results:Academic literacy and scientific research ability of leaders of national and provincial key clinical specialties in Henan Province are equal. However, there is still a big gap in scientific research and education ability between national and provincial key clinical specialties in Henan Province.Conclusions:The provincial key clinical specialties need to improve the ability of scientific research and education in a more holistic way, further strengthen the medical talents team, and focus on the exchange of high-level academic platform and the cultivation of research talents.

Objective:To evaluate the comprehensive strength of the specialties included in the medical service capacity improvement project of Henan provincial medical and health institutions, analyze the influencing factors, and provide scientific basis for the specialty construction.Methods:A total of 52 specialties were included in the project. According to the content of construction assessment and acceptance, the questionnaire was designed and filled in by the persons in charge of the specialties from the aspects of basic conditions, medical technical team, medical service ability, medical quality, scientific research and teaching ability. TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the comprehensive strength of specialty, and the main influencing factors were analyzed by single factor analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results:The research and teaching ability of the specialties had the strongest correlation with the comprehensive strength of the specialties. The scientific research and teaching ability was strongly related to the medical service ability. The number of people holding the post of academic institutes at or above provincial level, the number of industry standards or national guidelines, the number of academic conferences hosted at or above the provincial level, the number of postgraduate training, the number of papers published in SCI and core journals were the main influencing factors of scientific research and teaching ability.Conclusions:It is necessary to improve the level of scientific research and teaching in key specialty to promote the improvement of medical service ability. We should pay more attention to the construction of high-level talents, the cultivation of research-oriented talents, the application of new medical technology and original research.

Based on the reality that the Health Management Alliance(HMA)has been initially established nationwide as an important component of the integrated health care service system,on the basis of summarizing the evolution process of transaction cost theory,discriminating the essential characteristics of HMA,deconstructing HMA transaction cost and putting forward a quantitative measurement model,the coping strategies of HMA transaction cost are summarized into three levels:"knowing","reducing"and"increasing".It aims to solve the high transaction cost effectively and explore the economic system supply path;correct the deviation of the field of vision which only focuses on the"output orientation"of HMA in the early stage,and arouse the attention and thinking of all parties on the transaction cost of HMA;provide a new position and a new idea for HMA policy research and reform practice in China.

Objective To evaluate the implementation process of a basic public health service in Zhengzhou. Methods The primary data on the trends in the development of basic public health services were obtained from the annual report and the annual health statistics yearbooks from 2011 to 2016 published by the Zhengzhou City Health and Family Planning Commission. The techniques for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS method) and rank sum ratio method were used to comprehensively study and analyze the implementation effects of 22 indicators in 13 items of a five-year basic public health project in Zhengzhou. Results Judging from the TOPSIS analysis results, the C values from 2011 to 2016 were 0.3757, 0.3228, 0.5212, 0.6292, 0.6494, and 0.6673 respectively. The year with the highest C value was 2016 and the year with the lowest C value was 2012. Using the rank sum ratio method, the RSR values from 2011 to 2016 were 0.4545, 0.4280, 0.5340, 0.6023, 0.7235, and 0.7576 respectively. From this, 2016 was found to be the best year for plan implementation. Further, the implementation of the five-year basic public health service plan can be divided into three levels. When the range of P (percentile) was P84.134-, and the corresponding year was 2016, the implementation level was higher. When the P (percentile) range was P50-, and it corresponded with 2013, 2014, and 2015, implementation was at a medium level. When the P (percentile) range was