1.Relationship among blood indicators of lipomobilization and hepatic function during early lactation in high-yielding dairy cows.
Felix Diaz GONZALEZ ; Rodrigo MUINO ; Victor PEREIRA ; Romulo CAMPOS ; Jose Luis BENEDITO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2011;12(3):251-255
Blood indicators are used as a tool to diagnose metabolic disorders. The present work was conducted to study the relationships among blood indicators of lipomobilization and hepatic function in high-yielding dairy cows. Two groups of Holstein cows were studied: 27 early lactation cows and 14 mid lactation cows from four different herds with similar husbandry characteristics in Galicia, Spain. Blood samples were obtained to measure beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides (TG), and the activity of aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Cows in early lactation had higher levels of BHB and NEFA than mid lactation cows. High lipomobilization (NEFA > 400 micromol/L) was detected in 67% and 7% of early lactation and mid lactation cows, respectively, while subclinical ketosis (BHB > 1.2 mmol/L) was detected in 41% and 28% of the early lactation and lactation cows, respectively. TG concentrations were low in all cows suffering subclinical ketosis and in 61% of the cows with high lipomobilization. During early lactation, 30% of cows suffered hepatic lipidosis as detected by levels of AST. Compromised hepatic function was observed in early lactation cows as shown by lower concentrations of glucose, total protein, and urea.
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/blood/diagnostic use
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Animals
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Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood/diagnostic use
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Blood Glucose/analysis/metabolism
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Blood Proteins/analysis/diagnostic use
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Cattle
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Cattle Diseases/blood/*diagnosis
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Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood/diagnostic use
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Female
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Ketosis/blood/diagnosis/*veterinary
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Lactation
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*Lipid Mobilization
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Lipidoses/blood/diagnosis/*veterinary
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Liver Function Tests/veterinary
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Spain
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Triglycerides/blood/diagnostic use
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Urea/blood/diagnostic use
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gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood/diagnostic use
2.Accuracy of capillary blood 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate determination for the detection and treatment of canine diabetic ketoacidosis.
Francesca BRESCIANI ; Marco PIETRA ; Sara CORRADINI ; Massimo GIUNTI ; Federico FRACASSI
Journal of Veterinary Science 2014;15(2):309-316
In human medicine, diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is usually based on measurement of capillary 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) with a hand held ketone sensor. This study was conducted to determine if measurement of capillary 3-HB could be useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of canine DKA. Fifteen dogs with diabetic ketosis and 10 with DKA were evaluated. Paired measurements of 3-HB of capillary and venous blood samples were analysed by the electrochemical sensor and reference method. Use of capillary 3-HB measurement during DKA management was then evaluated through simultaneous measurements of capillary 3-HB, urinary AcAc and venous blood gas analysis. Good agreement between capillary and venous 3-HB measurement was detected by the electrochemical sensor and reference method. Monitoring treatment of DKA revealed a significant correlation between capillary 3-HB and acidosis markers, while no significant correlation was observed between AcAc and acidosis markers. A cut-off value of capillary blood 3-HB >3.8 mmol/L for diagnosis of DKA resulted in 70% and 92% sensitivity and specificity. The electrochemical sensor accurately measures 3-HB concentration in both capillary and venous blood samples, is accurate in diagnosing canine DKA, and appears to reflect the patient's metabolic status during DKA treatment.
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/blood/*diagnostic use
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Animals
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Blood Chemical Analysis/standards/*veterinary
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Blood Specimen Collection/instrumentation/*veterinary
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Capillaries/chemistry
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis/diagnosis/therapy/*veterinary
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Dog Diseases/*diagnosis/therapy
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Dogs
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Electrochemical Techniques/instrumentation/*veterinary