Objective To explore the dynamic changes of soluble interleukin-2 receptor(SIL-2R) and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-?) levels in pediatric malignant solid tumors clinical value.Methods The levels of SIL-2R and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-?) were measured by ELISA in 15 cases with pediatric malignant solid tumors before and after chemotherapy.Results Before chemotherapy the levels of SIL-2R and TNF-? of every group patients were significantly higher those that of normal control group (P

Objective - （ ） To investigate the effects of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 NRF2 on the oxidative stress （ ） Methods ） ，， induced by trichloromethane TCM in human normal hepatocyte L02 cells. i L02 cells were stimulated with 1 2 ， ， ， （ ）， 4 8 12 16 and 20 mmol/L TCM solution dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and the control group and blank group were set ， - ， up. After culturing for 24 hours the cell viability was detected by CCK 8 colorimetric method and the concentration of TCM ） -， - stimulation was screened. ii L02 cells in logarithmic growth phase were randomly divided into control group and low medium - ， ， ， and high dose groups. After 24 hours of exposure to 0 4 8 and 12 mmol/L TCM the cells were collected. The activity of （ ）， （ ）， （ - ） （ ） superoxide dismutase SOD catalase CAT glutathione peroxidase GSH Px and the level of malondialdehyde MDA NRF2， - （HO-1）， were detected by colorimetric analysis. The mRNA expression levels of heme oxygenase 1 glutamate cysteine （GCLC） （） （NQO1） - ligase catalytic subunit and NAD P H quinone dehydrogenase 1 were detected by real time fluorescence ， - ， polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of NRF2 HO 1 GCLC and NQO1 were detected by Western blotting.Results ） ， ， ， ， i When the concentration of TCM was 4 8 12 16 and 20 mmol/L the survival rate of L02 cells decreased （ P ） ， ， significantly compared with the control group all <0.05 . The concentration of 0 4 8 and 12 mmol/L were selected as the ） ， - stimulation doses for subsequent experiments. ii Compared with the control group the activities of SOD and GSH Px in L02 （ P ） （ P ）， - cells in the three doses groups decreased all <0.05 and the levels of MAD increased all <0.05 with a dose effect - （P ）， relationship. The CAT activity of L02 cells in the medium dose group was lower than that in the control group <0.05 and the - （ P ） CAT activity of L02 cells in the high dose group was lower than that in the others three groups all <0.05 . Compared with the ， NRF2 - （P ），NRF2 control group the relative expression levels of mRNA in L02 cells in the low dose group decreased <0.05 - （P ）， NRF2 mRNA in L02 cells in the medium dose group increased <0.05 mRNA and NRF2 protein expression in L02 cells in （ P ） HO-1，GCLC， NQO1 ， the highdose group increased both <0.05 . The relative expression level of mRNA and GCLC NQO1 （ P ） protein expression in L02 cells in the three doses groups increased compared with the control group all <0.05 . The relative NRF2 - - - expression level of mRNA in L02 cells in the high dose group was higher than that in the low and medium dose groups （ P ）， - （P ）， both <0.05 and the relative expression of NRF2 protein was higher than that in the low dose group <0.05 but the HO-1 GCLC - - （ relative expression levels of and mRNA and HO 1 protein level were lower than those in the medium dose group all P ）Conclusion - <0.05 . TCM exposure can inhibit the proliferation of L02 cells by inducing oxidative stress with a dose effect ， relationship. In this process the antioxidant mechanism mediated by NRF2 was activated. The expression of antioxidant defense ， - ， and detoxification related target genes downstream of NRF2 signaling pathway was activated and the expression of HO 1 - GCLC and NQO1 was up regulated to alleviate the oxidative damage caused by TCM.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of incising spinal pia mater to relieve pressure and unilateral open-door laminoplasty with internal screw fixation for treatment of the dated spinal cord injury.

METHODSFrom March, 2009 to July, 2010, 16 cases with chronic cervical cord injury underwent spinal dura mater incision and unilateral open-door laminoplasty with internal screw fixation. Nerve functions of pre- and postoperation were evaluated by Frankel classification and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scale.The improvement rate of JOA score at the indicated time was recorded.

RESULTSPostoperative Frankel classification rating of 16 patients improved obviously.JOA scores at the 1st month, 3rd month, 6th month, and 12th month after surgery were 7.9 ± 2.3, 8.5 ± 1.6, 8.9 ± 2.1, and 12.4 ± 2.5, respectively, and significantly increased compared with that prior to surgery (5.5 ± 0.6). At the end of follow-up period, JOA score was significantly higher than that of pre-treatment (P<0.05). The recovery was relatively rapid during the first 3 months following the surgery, then entered a platform period.

CONCLUSIONIt is effective for patients with dated spinal cord injury to undergo spinal decompression and laminoplasty.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pia Mater ; surgery ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; diagnosis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; surgery

Background Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)can differentiate into various types of somatic cells without causing ethical controversy and immune rejection in clinical activity,which is similar to differentiation ability of embryonic stem cells.So,iPSCs may be used as seed cells for tissue engineering corneal endothelial reconstruction.Objective The present study was to survey the morphologic change of iPSCs after coculture with corneal endothelium cells(CECs) under the atomic force microscopy(AFM).Methods Rabbit CECs and human MMC-iPSCs were isolated and cultured respectively.The iPSCs were identified with the marker by immunochemistry.iPSCs passaged for 7 days were then cultured with 60％ confluent CECs to establish the co-culture model.The surface morphology and cellular membrane ultrastructure of differentiated iPSCs after induced by CECs were examined by AFM combination with inverted microscope,and compared with CECs and undifferentiated iPSCs.Results Thelengthand width were(66.93±10.48)μm and (44.85 ± 8.14) μm in CECs,(12.51±1.40)μm and (10.93 ±1.69) μm in uninduced iPSCs,and(36.12±10.29) μm and(31.53±9.65)μm in CECs-induced iPSCs.Both the length and width values of CECs-induced iPSCs were statistically bigger than those uninduced iPSCs,with significant differences between them (P＜0.05),but no significant difference was seen in the width valne of CECs-induced iPSCs in comparison with CECs(P＞0.05).The convex structure of CECs cytomembrane surface showed the digitation in shape with the size and height(2.11 ± 1.03) μm and (115.68±92.08) nm respectively,and the concave structure of cytomembrane surface of CECs was fenestrae-like depression and the size was (1.49 ± 0.65) μm.The numerical valuc of mean square root roughness (Rq)and average roughness (Ra)of cytomembrane surface of CECs were(39.20±7.82)nm and (30.37±5.32)nm respectively.The convex surface of cytomembrane of iPSCs was granular-like in shape with size and height(0.39±0.22)μm and(13.11±9.18)nm respectively.The concave surface of cytomembrane of iPSCs was worm-eaten-like concave with the size(0.34±0.18)μm.The numerical value of Rq and Ra of geometrical parameters of cytomembrane surface of iPSCs were (26.60 ± 4.93)nm and (9.97 ± 3.78) nm respectively.The convex surface of cytomembrane of induced iPSCs was digital-like in shape with the size and height (1.91±0.76) μm and(106.55±77.27) nm respectively.The concave surface of cytomembrane of induced iPSCs was fenestrae-like depression and the size of concave was(1.6l±1.25) μm.The numerical value of Rq and Ra on surface of cytomembrane of induced iPSCs was (57.33± 12.80) nm and (43.63± 11.17) nm respectively.The numerical values of the size and height of convex,the size of concave,Rq and Ra on surface of cytomembrane in induced iPSCs were statistically bigger than in iPSCs(P＜0.05)and were not significant differences in comparison with CECs (P＞0.05).Conclusions Morphology of iPSCs translate toward the CECs after induce for 7 days under the AFM.This outcome lays the foundation for further study on iPSCs.

OBJECTIVETo explore an effective method to culture oral mucosa epithelial cells (OMECs) of canine in vitro, and to observe the biological characteristics of OMECs growing on small intestinal submucosa (SIS) in order to provide the experimental basis for epithelium tissue engineering.

METHODSThe primary OMECs were cultivated with DKSFM (defined keratinocyte serum free medium) containing 6% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The morphological characteristics and the growth curve of OMECs were observed. The expressions of OMECs marker (CK19) were examined by immunocytochemistry. The 2nd passage of OMECs were seeded on SIS, OMECs co-cultured with SIS were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

RESULTSOMECs were grown well in DKSFM. Immunohistochemical staining of the 2nd passage cultured canine OMECs with broadly reacting anti-cytokeratin anyibodies (CK19) was positive. OMECs formed a single layer on the surface of SIS, and eight days later the cells were polygong and arranged like slabstone.

CONCLUSIONCulture of canine OMECs in DKSFM containing 6% FBS is a simple and feasible method. SIS has good biocompatibility, it is a kind of good bioscafold in the tissue-engineered epithelium.

Animals ; Cattle ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Epithelial Cells ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intestine, Small ; Mouth Mucosa ; Tissue Engineering

OBJECTIVETo establish a qualitative and quantitative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with fingerprinting technique for quality control of compound dandelion enema.

METHODSHPLC was utilized for quality assessment of 10 batches of samples. RP-HPLC analysis was performed on a Hypersil BDS C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with the mixture of acetonitrile (A) and potassium phosphate solution (B) (pH3.2) as the mobile phase in gradient mode. The concentrations of solvent A were 10%, 80% and 80% at 0, 38 and 40 min, respectively. The column temperature was set at 35 degrees C, the flow rate at 0.7 ml/min and the detection wavelength at 254 nm.

RESULTSHPLC fingerprinting was established from the 10 batches, and the data showed 23 characteristic peaks in the compound dandelion enema for use as index peaks for qualitative identification. Comparison of the retention time and the on-line UV spectra of the samples with the chemical standards identified peaks 3, 4 and 8 as protocatechualdehyde, caffeic acid and ferulic acid, respectively. The contents of caffeic acid in the compound dandelion enema ranged between 63.7 and 136.8 microg/ml.

CONCLUSIONHigh specific chromatographic fingerprinting and quantitative measurement of caffeic acid allows rigorous quality control of compound dandelion enema.

Caffeic Acids ; analysis ; standards ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Taraxacum ; chemistry

Adult ; Fatty Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; Liver Circulation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of infrared radiation and magnetic field therapy on cartilage damage in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis.

METHODSKnee osteoarthritis was induced in 24 adult New Zealand rabbits by prolonged fixation of the knee joint in extension for 6 weeks. The rabbits were subsequently randomized into control group (without treatment), infrared therapy group, magnetic field therapy group and the combined infrared and magnetic field therapy group. At the end of the first, second and third weeks of the therapy, respectively, 2 rabbits from each group were sacrificed to observe the general changes and histopathology of the condylar cartilage of the femur, and the findings were assessed using Mankin scores.

RESULTSCompared with other groups, the rabbits in the combined therapy group showed significantly milder cartilage damage (including injury of the cartilage surface and chondrocyte's proliferation and disarrangement) with significantly lower Mankin scores (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the findings between the two groups with exclusive infrared or magnetic field therapy (P>0.1).

CONCLUSIONCombined infrared and magnetic field therapy can effectively alleviate cartilage destruction, shortens the disease course and enhance the therapeutic effects in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis.

Animals ; Cartilage, Articular ; drug effects ; pathology ; Femur ; pathology ; Infrared Rays ; therapeutic use ; Knee Joint ; pathology ; Magnetic Field Therapy ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; pathology ; therapy ; Rabbits