Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine malignancy. The histologic subtype of thyroid carcinoma is mainly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. The treatment modality of thyroidectomy followed by 131I and thyroxine-suppressive therapy has been approved and applied widely. A brief introduction and a commentary on this topic is presented in this article.

Levothyroxine monotherapy for primary hypothyroidism has gratifying effects.Doctor should recommend the optimal timing of taking levothyroxine to patients for individualized therapy according to the medical history,the pharmacokinetic characteristics of levothyroxine,and various factors affecting its absorption.After reaching the therapeutic goal,most of patients could live,study,work,marry,and bear as healthy subjects.

Japan 3·11 Fukushima nuclear accident releases a huge amount of radioiodine-131 and attracts public concern with it. This article discusses the feature of radioiodine-131 and the use of potassium iodide in nuclear accident.The potassium iodide has a good role in protecting thyroid.It should pay attention on taking time and dosage based on instruction issued by public health authority.

Objective To clarify the combined ability of viral macrophage inflammatory protein (vMIP) to receptors through comparison research of vMIP binding to chemokine receptors of peripheral blood macrophages(PBMCs). Methods Combined ability of vMIP to receptors was measured with radioligand assay and identified with saturation, kinetic and specificity analyses. Results Kd is 11.1 nmol/L to human receptors of PBMC and 14.3 nmol/L to monkey receptors. The IC50 is 3.4 nmol/L to CCR5 and 4.5 nmol/L to CXCR4. Conclusion vMIP has high affinity with receptors and high specificity to CCR5 and CXCR4.This may be of great significance in the prevention and treatment of inflammation and HIV infection.

Objective To investigate regeneration and repair effect after ChABC,GDNF and Nogo-A Ab combination treatment for experimental spinal cord injury model.Methods Rat (T7-8 )complete spinal cord injury crosscutting animal model was established.The SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal group, sham operation group,simple transection group,A (ChABC)group,G (GDNF)group,N (Nogo-A antibody) group,and AGN (ChABC+GDNF+Nogo-A antibody)group.At 24 w after spinal cord injury,BDA tracer,NF-200,GAP-43,and GFAP immunohistochemistry were evaluated.Results BDA tracer of A group,G group and N group showed dye light,the proximal end of damaged zone showed the blue tracer particles,while damaged zone showed few blue regenerated nerve fibers.AGN group showed visible blue nerve fibers through the damaged zone and the distal segment in the damaged zone;the central zone of injury vacuolar degeneration showed the blue dyed fibers.NF-200 immunohistochemical staining showed NF-positive staining in A group,AGN was stronger than that in control group and simple transection group (P <0.05),AGN group than G group,N group significantly increased (P <0.05).GAP-43 positive staining in A group and AGN treatment group was stronger than in control group and simple transection group (P <0.05),AGN group significantly increased compared with A,G and N groups (P <0.05).GFAP positive staining in control group and simple transection group was stronger than in each treatment group (P <0.05),but A group,G group,N group and AGN group showed no significant differences (P > 0.05 ).SEP wave was detected in control group and AGN group,while the latency time was longer in AGN group than in control group.Conclusion ChABC,GDNF,and anti-Nogo-A antibody used alone or in combination can improve spinal cord injury and nerve cell function,and the joint application could improve regeneration after spinal cord injury than any monotherapy.

Objective To observe the influence of recombinant human thyrotropin(rhTSH)on serum concentration of endogenous thyrotropin(TSH), free triiodothyronine(FT3), free thyroxine(FT4), thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb), and thyroglobulin(Tg). To evaluate the efficacy of rhTSH-aided radioiodine treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC). Methods The study recruitment took place between November 2007 and March 2009. 62 patients(including 45 females)with biopsy confirmed DTC had undergone total or nearly total thyroidectomy, and received 131I treatment. 31 patients(including 22 females), median age of 45 years(23-72), received radioiodine treatment 4 weeks after L-thyroxine(T4)withdrawal. The other 31 patients(including 23 females), median age of 44 years(14-70), underwent rhTSH-aided radioiodine treatment. Before and after rhTSH injection, serum TSH, FT3, FT4, TGAb, and thyroglobulin were tested. Post-radiotherapy whole body scan was performed 5 to 7 days after radioiodine treatment and qualitatively and blindly evaluated by two nuclear medicine physicians. Follow-up took place 6 to 12 months after radioiodine treatment. The efficacy of rhTSH-aided radioiodine treatment was evaluated by whole body scan with diagnostic dose radioiodine. SPSS 13.0 statistical software was applied. Results (1)Before and after rhTSH-aided radioiodine treatment, the serum TSH was(1.08±4.01)vs(140.26±27.20)mIU/L(P＜0.05), thyroglobulin(23.75±132.92)vs(169.58±178.49)μg/L(P＜0.05), FT3(4.52±1.16)vs(4.42±1.11)pmol/L(P＞0.05), and FT4(15.09±5.83)vs(13.66±5.85)pmol/L(P＞0.05),respectively.(2)rhTSH-aided radioiodine ablation treatment had the same effect as L-T4withdrawal aided. The complete response ratio was 77.4% vs 71.0%(P＞0.05)by radioiodine whole body scan of diagnostic dose. Conclusion rhTSH-aided radioiodine treatment of DTC was effective and safe, and did at least at equivalent degree as did L-T4withdrawal. Furthermore, Serum thyroglobulin level could be effectively stimulated by rhTSH with tumor relapse or metastasis.

OBJECTIVETo construct pBIFC-VN173-CXCR4 and pBIFC-VC155-NT21MP eukaryotic expression plasmids and to investigate the interaction of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and viral macrophage inflammatory protein-II(vMIP-II) N terminal 21 peptides (NT21MP) in living cells.

METHODSDNA fragment encoding NT21MP was chemically synthesized and inserted into BiFC eukaryotic expression vector pBIFC-VC155. The full length of CXCR4 DNA fragment was amplified by RT-PCR from SKBR (3) cells and inserted into BiFC eukaryotic expression plasmid pBIFC-VN173. Two recombinant vectors were identified by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. The recombinant vectors were cotransfected into Africa green monkey kidney fibroblast COS-7 cells by using Lipofectamine 2000. The interaction of NT21MP and CXCR4 was detected by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay.

RESULTSThe restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequences and open read frames of two vectors were consistent with experiment design. The BiFC plasmids were successfully cotransfected into the target cells and expressed. The strong BiFC signals were detected in pBIFC-VN173-CXCR4 and pBIFC-VC155-NT21MP cotransfected cells and the fluorescence signal was located in the cytoplasm.

CONCLUSIONThe eukaryotic expression plasmids for BiFC assay are successfully constructed. The interaction of NT21MP and CXCR4 in living cells can be detected by using this technology.

Animals ; COS Cells ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Chemokines ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the indications and surgery time of cochlear implantation in patients with otitis media with effusion (OME).

METHODSCochlear implantation was performed in 26 patients with bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss and OME. Non-Surgical Treatment was conducted for OME before the following implantation. According to the standards of the indications and surgery time, surgery was carried out. During the process of surgery operation, related lesions of OME were completely removed and proper drainage was then constructed. After the surgery, the patients were regularly followed up, and the effective of cochlear implantation was evaluated.

RESULTSUnilateral ear of 26 patients was successfully operated. Among them, 5 cases were left ears and the remaining was right ears. All implant devices worked normally after 1 month. Had been followed up from 13 months to 4.3 years, 19 patients with OME were healed and the remaining was turning better. No evidence showed phenomenon of the eardrum perforation and acute attack of OME.

CONCLUSIONSOnce the indications of cochlear implantation in patients with OME are guaranteed, the surgery should be conducted as early as possible. The complications of cochlear implantation in patients with OME can be effectively avoided through proper treatment in different stages.

Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; adverse effects ; Contraindications ; Humans ; Otitis Media with Effusion ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the numbers of chromosome in Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza from 7 provinces in China, and S. flava as well as S. evansiana from Yunnan province in China.

METHODThe young root was treated with the mixture of ice and water for 24 h, fixed with Carony's fixative for 6-12 h. After differentiating for 10-12 min with 1 mol x L(-1) hydrochloric acid at 60 'C and staining with carbol fuchsin,the section was observed under microscope.

RESULTChromosome numbers of S. miltiorrhiza and S.flava were 2n = 2x = 16. The numbers of S. evansiana were 2n = 4x = 32. The basic numbers of the chromosomes were x = 8. And tetraploids were observed in S. miltiorrhiza from Sichuan provices and Shandong provices.

CONCLUSIONThe basic number of the chromosomes are x = 8. The chromosome numbers of S. miltiorrhiza, S.flava and S. evansiana are 16,16 and 32 respectively. As the chromosomes are the small or micro-small ones, it is difficult to use them for karyotype.

Chromosomes, Plant ; genetics ; Diploidy ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; Polyploidy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; classification ; genetics ; Species Specificity

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect and mechanism of autophagy specific gene Beclin-1 in gastric cancer cell SGC7901 on vasculogenic mimicry (VM) forming ability.

METHODSPlasmid vectors with and without integrated shRNA were transfected respectively into SGC7901 cell line (Beclin1-inhibited group and negative control group). Simple SGC7901 cell line was used as blank group. RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to examine the expression of Beclin-1 in 3 groups. Culture was used to construct the VM model in vitro. Different VM forming ability was measured and genes (beclin-1, notch-1) expression of each group was detected before and after VM formation.

RESULTSBeclin-1 and notch-1 expression increased significantly in the process of VM forming. When beclin-1 was inhibited, the formation of VM was limited and VM formative genes expression decreased. As compared to cells of negative control group, those of Beclin1-inhibited group had less number of VM forming cellular tube-like construction (15.4±1.1 vs. 37.8±1.9, P<0.05), shorter length of such construction [(316.8±24.6) mm vs. (385.1±14.2) mm, P<0.05], and less crossing point (11.6±1.1 vs. 27.2±1.1, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBeclin-1 can promote VM formation through maintaining stable expression of gastric cancer cell VM regulating genes. Beclin-1 inhibition may be a new target for gastric cancer gene therapy.

Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Autophagy ; Beclin-1 ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; Transfection