Anthropometry ; Child ; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Child, Hospitalized ; Critical Care ; methods ; Critical Illness ; Enteral Nutrition ; Humans ; Infant ; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ; Malnutrition ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutritional Status ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Predictive Value of Tests

ObjectiveTo discuss the infiuence of personalized nursing intervention on success rate of holding breathing in patients undergoing dual-source CT imaging.Methods167 cases of patients were randomly divided into the observation group(100 cases)and the control group(67 cases). The control group implemented routine care, on the basis of routine care, the observation group was given pertinent and individualized nursing intervemion according to the factors causing failure of holding breathing, including better psychological counseling for patients, the right guidance, to alleviate symptoms, to improve comfort degree, to give clinical evaluation after inspection, et al.ResultsThe success rate of holding breathing in the observation group and the control group was 99.0％ and 88.1％, the observation group was significantly higher than the control group.ConclusionsHealth education for patients, attention to patients' illness, mental state, cognitive and behavioral changes in a timely manner to give individualized nursing intervention and seriously check the implementation of results in patients, can effectively improve the success rate of holding breathing in patients undergoing dual-source CT coronary angiography.

During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR),ventilation is provided by either mouth-to-mouth or bag-mask technique,and give 12 to 20 times breaths per minute.Ventilation should deliver 8 to 10 times breaths per minute after endotracheal intubation.Compression-ventilation ratio is 30∶2 for one rescuerand 15∶2 for two rescuers.After the return of spontaneous circulation,if no spontaneous breathing or irregular,respiratory insufficiency,mechanical ventilation is required.High oxygen and excessive ventilation after CPR should be avoided.When acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome occurs after CPR,lung protective ventilation strategy is applicable.

ObjectiveTo obtain data related to various periods of acupuncture treatment for rat focal ischemia and reperfusion and infer the optimal time point of acupuncture treatment by examining cerebral ROCK expression on the ischemic side in different periods of acupuncture for rats with focal ischemia and reperfusion.MethodOne hundred andeighty male adult Wistar rats were enrolled and randomly allocated to blank, sham operation, model and acupuncture groups. The model and acupuncture groups were separately divided into 5 subgroups: the 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 2 w subgroups. There were atotal of 12 groups, 15 rats each. An animal model of focal cerebral ischemia was made using a thread occlusion method for obstructing rat right middle cerebral artery. The carotid artery was only separated in the sham operation. Materials were taken in the blank and sham operation groups on day 2 after model making. Materials were taken for examination in every subgroup of the model group at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours and 2 weeks after model making. Materials were taken for examination after acupuncture at Baihui(GV20), Dazhui(GV14)and Zusanli (ST36)in every subgroup of the acupuncture group at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours and 2 weeks after model making.ResultAcupuncture markedly improved neurological deficits in rats with cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Areduction in the neurological deficit score was largest in the 6 h acupuncture group and there was a statistically significant difference compared with the other acupuncture groups (24 h, 48 h and 72 h) (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in ROCK expression between the sham operation and blank groups (P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in ROCK expression between the model (ischemia-reperfusion 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h) and blank groups (P<0.05). ROCK expressionreached the peak value at 6 hours after ischemia and reperfusion. There was a statistically significant point-to-point difference in ROCK expression between the acupuncture (ischemia-reperfusion 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h) and model (ischemia-reperfusion 6h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h) groups (P<0.05). ROCK expression was down-regulated most markedly in the ischemia-reperfusion 6 h acupuncture group.Conclusion Acupuncture has an inhibitory effect on Rho/Rock in a rat model of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Six hours after ischemia and reperfusion is the optimal time point of acupuncture treatment. Acupuncture at that time can protect and improve post-ischemic injured brain tissue to the largest extent.

Aquaporins (AQP) are membrane channel proteins which facilitate water transport through cell membranes.AQP4 is abundantly expressed in brain which is located in endfeet of astrocytes adjacent to capillaries,neurons,and neuronal synapses.It has also been identified in neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus.AQP are closely related to many central nervous system diseases.Researches have showed that AQP4 participates in regulating and controling process of cerebral edema that caused by brain trauma,cerebral ischemia,intracranial infection and mmour,etc.AQP4 antibody is specific biological markers in serum of patients with neuromyelitis,which helps diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis,predicting prognosis and therapy of neuromyelitis optica.AQP4 has been shown to play roles in pathological and physiological process of neurodegenerative diseases,epilepsy,migraine.This article aims to review the distribution,function,influential factors of AQP4 and research development of AQP4 in common diseases of the central nervous system.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of refractory atelectasis treated with high dose ambroxol.Methods 112 patients with refractory atelectasis were selected as research subjects.All the patients were divided into two groups with each group 56 patients according to admission order.The control group received symptom treatment,physics treatment and routine dosage ambroxol,while the observation group received high dose ambroxol.The clinical effect and safe between two groups were compared.Results The excellence rate and total effective rate of the observation group were 71.43％ (40/56) and 100.00％ (56/56),respectively,which were higher than 51.79％ (29/56) and 83.93％ (47/56) of the control group (x2 =4.57,9.79,all P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical difference on the total adverse effect incidence rates between the two groups(x2 =0.15,P ＞0.05).No other sever adverse effects happened in both groups.Conclusion Compared with routine dosage ambroxol,the clinical effect of refractory atelectasis treated with high dose ambroxol was better.The treatment was also safe.It was worth generalizing on the treatment of refractory atelectasis.

Gene chip technology is a large amount of information,simple operation,fast speed of the nucleic acid sequence determination and quantitative analysis technique.The advantages of this technology include high integration and high content of micromation,parallelism,diversification and automatization.Currently,gene chip technology is increasingly being used in clinic,including disease diagnosis,treatment guidelines and prognosis.The progresses of the diagnosis of the gene chip technology in unexplained mental retardation are summarized in this paper.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of ligustrazine combined with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines and intestinal microflora of chronic stress rat. METHODS:Normal rats were included in normal control group,and chronic stress model rats were divided into model group,NAC group (60 mg/kg) and ligustrazine+NAC group (15 mg/kg+60 mg/kg),with 20 rats in each group. They were given relevant medicine intragastrically for 15 d. The general inspection of rats were recorded in each group. Level of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α and INF-γ in serum were detected,and intestinal microflora was measured. RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,chronic stress symptom of rats were found in model group,and level of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α and INF-γ in serum were enhanced;Escherichia coli and Enterococcus in intestine were increased,while Bacterium lacticum and Bacillus bifidus were decreased (P<0.05). Compared with model group,chronic stress symptom of rats were relieved in NAC group and ligustrazine+NAC group,and above indexes were all improved (P<0.05);ligustrazine+NAC group was better than NAC group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Ligustrazine+NAC can improve chronic stress of rats by decreas-ing pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving the intestinal microflora.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children.The purpose of the review was to provide epidemiological,clinical aspects,diagnosis and antifungal treatment options in the pediatric population.Diagnosis of IA remains a challenge as the clinical and imaging manifestations are not specific,and a histological diagnosis is often unfeasible,and blood culture shows low sensitivity rates.In recent years,great progress has been made in the detection of fungal biomarkers,which is mainly described in this paper.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of sophocarpidine in Fuyankang concentrated pill by HPLC.METHO_ DS:The loading agent of chromatographic column was amino bonded silica,the mobile phase was acetonitrile-dehydrated al?cohol-3%phosphoric acid(80∶10∶10),and the detection wavelength was220nm.RESULTS:There was a good linear rela?tionship between sample size and peak area score of sophocarpidine in the range of0.4064?g～2.0320?g,the average recovery rate was99.2%(RSD=1.6%).CONCLUSION:The established method is more accurate than TLC,and it can be used for the quality control of Fuyankang concentrated pill.