To evaluate the effectiveness of applying visual electrophysiological examination, including flash visual evoked potentials ( FVEP ) , flash electroretinogram ( FERG ) , pattrn electroretinogram ( PERG ) , fundus photography, eye B-type ultrasound, optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) , on visual function assessment and retinal disease detection before cataract surgery. METHODS: Visual elctrophysiological examination, fundus photography, eye B-type ultrasound and OCT were applied in 148 cases ( 196 eyes ) . The positive rate was analyzed according to the results of FVEP, FERG ( or PERG ) , fundus photography, eye B - type ultrasound and OCT.RESULTS: ln 148 cases ( 196 eyes ) , vitreous opacities was showed in 165 eyes ( 84. 2%) by eye B - type ultrasound examination, 31 eyes (15. 8%) without access to B-type ultrasound image; success for fundus camera images in 161 eyes (80. 6%), and unable to get image in 35 eyes (19. 4%); the VEP and ERG in 58 eyes (29. 6%) were get valuable, and the VEP and ERG were saw no obvious abnormal in 138 eyes ( 70. 4%); success for OCT image in 167 eyes (85. 2%), without access to OCT image in 29 eyes (14. 8%). CONCLUSlON: Visual elctrophysiological detection, fundus photography, eye B-type ultrasound and OCT can predict the preoperative visual acuity of cataractous patients. A variety of inspection methods complement each other, can further improve detection rate of retinal diseases and other eye disease before cataract surgery.

Recently many researches have demonstrated that insulin resistant (IR), as an important pathologic process, is increasingly involved with a series of diseases such as central obesity and diabetes. Hypertension is highly associated with IR. The relationships between IR and glucose or lipid metabolism disorders are well established. However, association of IR with hypertension is less covered. Current researches on insulin resistance and pathogenesis of hypertension are reviewed in this paper, which holds that traditional Chinese medicine treatment on IR in patients with hypertension has a good prospect.

Objective To assess the value of high-resolution ultrasonography in diagnosis of cubital tunnel syndrome. Methods Forty-two patients (43 elbows) initially diagnosed as cubital tunnel syndrome underwent ultrasonography (US), while 15 healthy contralateral elbows of these patients taken as self controls, and 15 healthy volunteers as normal controls underwent US of the ulnar nerve. The findings of US measurements were compared with that of intra-operative results and pre-operative electromyography. Results High-resolution US displayed changes and some etiological factors of cubital tunnel syndrome. The measurements of ulnar nerve at the proximal part of the compression were higher than those in the control groups. The cut-off point of cross-sectional area (CSA) and CSA tumefaction ratio was 0.11 cm~2 and 141.50%, respectively. The sensitivity of US was 92.86% compared with intra-operative results, and was 100% when combined with pre-operative electromyography. Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound can be used as an effective method to diagnose cubital tunnel syndrome.

Objective To evaluate the causes of the metamorphopsia in patients with reattached retina after scleral buckling surgery. Methods Amsler grid test, ophthalmoscopic examination, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed on 79 patients (79 eyes) with reattached retina at the 2nd week, 2nd, 6th month and 1st year after scleral buckling operation. Results Two weeks after the operation, 51 patients (51 eyes, 64.56%) complained of metamorphopsia, and 44 patients (44 eyes, including 35 with and 9 without metamorphopsia) were examined by OCT and FFA. In patients with metamorphopsia, the results of OCT in 31 (88.57%) revealed abnormal macula with seven kinds consisting mostly of stratum neuroepithelium detachment (74.29%), while of FFA in 6 patients showed abnormal macular (17.14%) including 4 with neuroepithelium detachment (66.67%). In patients without metamorphopsia, abnormal macula could be found in 2 by OCT while nothing special was seen in FFA. Most abnormal macula in patients followed-up 2 months, 6 months and 1 year postoperatively meliorated as time went by, with alleviative or disappeared metamorphopsia; while the patients with persistently existing macular membrane had aggravating metamorphopsia. Conclusions Abnormal macula is the main reason for metamorphopsia after scleral buckling surgery. Neuroepithelium detachment and macular membrane are the main causes of metamorphopsia at the early and terminal stage after operation.

One of the important approaches for further prolonging remission duration and eradicating minimal residual disease in acute leukemia is immunotherapy. Four kinds of immunotherapy for acute leukemia are under investigation: (1) monoclonal antibodies, among them, Mylotarg (cytotoxic antibiotic calicheamicin linked to CD33 Mab) is given for the treatment of refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and molecular relapse in acute promyelocytic leukemia with good results, Campath-1H (antiCD52 Mab) is administered in the treatment of prolymphocytic leukemia and Rituximab (anti-CD20 Mab) in B-PLL with high complete remission rates. Other Mabs under preclinical and clinical trials include anti-IL-2 receptor Mab for the treatment of acute T lymphocytic leukemia, anti-220 kD Mab-6G7 for acute leukemias, recombinant immune toxin BL22 (anti-CD22) for hairy cell leukemia and Mabs labeled with radio-isotopes for different types of acute leukemias; (2) adoptive cellular immunotherapy using cytokine-induced killer cell, alloreactive NK cells, allogeneic or autologous leukemic-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and other immune effector cells; (3) cytokines and other immune modulators comprising IL-2, IL-12, GM-CSF, CD40L, FLT-3L and thalidomide and its derivatives; (4) leukemia vaccines of several different formulations including antigen-specific, leukemia cell-based, leukemia antigen-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) and leukemia-derived DC vaccines, the latter two formulations are more attractive. In conclusion, up to now, the most effective example of immunotherapy in acute leukemia is provided by the administration of Mabs, and the majority of other approaches in immunotherapy for acute leukemia although promising, need further studies.
Acute Disease ; Adoptive Transfer ; methods ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Cancer Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; trends ; Leukemia ; immunology ; therapy

Background and purpose:Recent researches have shown that Secreted Protien Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) was closely related to tumor genesis, tumor progression and tumor metastasis. SPARC was highly expressed in malignant melanoma, glioma, meningioma, bladder cancer, lung cancer and prostate cancer, etc. In this study we investigated SPARC expression in hepatocellar carcinoma (HCC) and its signifi cance. Methods:RT-PCR was used to detect SPARC mRNA expression in cancer tissue samples and their adjacent liver tissue samples from 62 patients with hepatocellar carcinoma and 30 normal liver tissue samples, respectively. And the differential protein expression of SPARC between these groups was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results:SPARC mRNA was highly expressed in HCC(14.0?3.6) and in the adjacent liver tissue (6.8?1.8); compared with low expression of 2.7?0.9 in normal liver tissue, there were signifi cant differences among the three groups (p=0.000). SPARC positively stained was found in 54 of 62 patients with HCC and 4 of 30 normal liver tissue, there was significant difference between these two groups (P=0.000). SPARC immunohistochemical score was 21.5?4.8 in the carcinoma group; 11.3?3.6 in paracarcinoma group and 5.7?1.8 in the normal group, there were also significant differences among the three groups (P=0.000). The expression of SPARC protein was significantly upregulated with the progress of Enmondson pathological classification. There was obviously differences between Ⅰvs Ⅱ(P=0.029), and Ⅱ vs Ⅲ Ⅳ(P=0.008). There was more SPARC expression in the patients with metastasis of HCC (26/27, 96.3%) than that without metastasis(23/35, 65.7%)(P=0.004). Conclusion:SPARC mRNA expression and its protein were related to HCC histological differentiation and metastatic lymph node; SPARC is helpful to clinical evaluation of HCC.

ObjectiveTo study the influence of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on liver resection in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsTACE was performed before liver resection in 62 out of 126 patients, and perioperative risk factors were compared with that of the 64 patients without TACE including liver perioperative function alterations, average blood loss during operation, the average time of clamping porta hepatis and operation, abdominal drainage at 1-, 2-, and 3-days post-op, mortality and morbidity. ResultsThere was not significant difference in liver function alteration in the two groups, there was no mortality in the two groups. Liver cirrhosis in TACE group was more serious than that in no TACE group, the operation time was longer in TACE group. Blood loss, and abdominal drainage were much more in TACE group than in no TACE group. However postoperative complications did not differ.Conclusion Preoperative TACE for resectable HCC increases surgical difficulty and risk. Preoperative TACE for resectable HCC needs to be used on baseis of strict selection.

0.05) while other indicators did not. All the data were simply related to each other. The primary influencing factors to NDS score 1, in decreasing order of impact were volume of infarction, position of infarction, hs-CRP and FBS. While the primary influencing factors to NDS score 3 at the end of 1 month treatment, in decreasing order of impact, were NDS score 1, size of infarction, FG, hs-CRP and TC. Conclusions Volume of infarction and hs-CRP are very important determining factors in both NDS score 1 at the beginning of the treatment and NDS score 3 at the end of 1 month treatment. However, in determining NDS score 3 at the end of 1 month treatment, the impact of FG is greater than hs-CRP. The other influencing factors include FBS, TC and so on. Therefore we conclude that it is helpful to recover from neurologic deficit through lowing these influencing factors directly by medication.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of the uterine sarcoma with different histological types and improve the capability of diagnosis and therapy. Methods Thirty-four cases with uterine sarcoma treatment were analyzed respectively , among which there were 19 cases with malignant endometrial interstitial sarcomas (55.8%), 6 cases with leiomyosarcoma (18%), 9 with malignant mixed tumor (26%). Results (1) The average age of patients were about 46 , patients with endometrial interstitial sarcomas aged 28 ~ 60 were more common in relatively younger , and patients with malignant mixed tumor aged about 56 were more common in postmenopausal women. Incidence rate of patients with endometrial interstitial sarcomas were more common (55.8%). (2) The patients usually manifested with abnormal vaginal bleeding (76%). Diagnosis curettage were the most commonly used before operation, which the positive rate was 65.3% and postoperative pathological di-agnosis was 35%. (3) 26 patients underwent one stage surgical treatment.7 patients underwent two stage surgical treatment. Surgical methods were the removal of the uterine double accessories and pelvic lymph node dissection. The five year survival rate was 77.7% (14/18). Conclusions The age range of uterine sarcoma is more exten-sive. Preoperative diagnosis can be diagnosed by curettage, and may also be missed. It should be paid attention to the operation of the examination examination , timely delivery of frozen examination to improve the diagnostic rate. and the appropriate surgical choice are meaningful methods to improve the prognosis.

Objective:To approach the effect of Naotangfang extracts on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) after focal cerebral infarct in rats. Methods:30 Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 6 groups:sham operation group,model group,Naotaifang extract groups(low,middle,and high dosage) ,and Naofukang group. Some indexes were detected such as neurological scores,VEGF mRNA expression by RT-PCR,and the number of VEGF positive cells by immunohistochemical methods. Results:The symptoms in nervous function were improved in the Admin. groups,especially in the Naotaifang middle dosage group. The number of VEGF positive cells and VEGF PCR production in Naotaifng middle dosage group was higher than that in the model group. Conclusion:Naotaifang has neuroprotective effect against focal cerebral ischemic injury by improving the expression of VEGF.