Atrial Fibrillation ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Humans

This paper is prepared to discuss the common issues in data management, such as building and training of data management team, standard operation procedure, document management, execution and communication, strategies to correct and prevent mistakes, and measures to improve the quality and efficiency of clinical trials and data management.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; Data Collection ; standards ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; standards

ve To explore the effective methods for removing the nitrogen oxides in tobacco smoke main stream. Methods Porphyrin and ferriporphyrin were added into cigarette filter with doses of 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 ?g per cigarette. The effectiveness of removal of nitrogen oxides in tobacco smoke main stream by porphyrin and ferripor-phyrin were determined by muriatic acid naphthaline-ethylene diamine spectrophotometry. Results The contents of nitrogen oxides in tobacco smoke main stream decreased with the increases of the contents of porphyrin and ferripor-phyrin added into the cigarette filters (porphyrin: r= -0.9943, P

Fungal polyketide synthases are responsible for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as pigments, mycotoxins, and they are very important in pharmacology , food science and agriculture. The recent advances in the methods for the isolation and manipulation of multiple classes of polyketide synthase genes from fungi were introduced. It is useful for discovery of novel fungal polyketide synthase gene clusters. These methods can also be useful for revealing the genetic potential of fungi to produce multiple types of bioactive polyketide.

Objective To investigate the value of thyroid transcription factor-1(TTF-1) in the diagnosis and biological behavior assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Thirty liver specimens obtained from benign lesions were analysed, among which 25 were hepatic cirrhosis and inflammatory diseases, and the other 5 were adenomas. And there were 176 specimens of liver tumors, among which 142 were HCC (well differentiated, n=12; moderately differentiated, n=57; poorly differentiated, n=73), 17 were intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) and the other 17 were liver metastatic carcinoma (MC). The expression of TTF-1 was examined immunohistochemically in the above tissues, and the difference in expression of TTF-1 among different tissues was examined by Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results TTF-1 was significantly expressed in the cytoplasms of all the hepatocytes besides tumors and liver benign lesions. The expression rate of TTF-1 in HCC was 78.9% (112/142), however, TTF-1 was negatively expressed in ICC and MC(P

Objective To explore the types and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with type Ⅰ incision surgical site infection in orthopedics department.Methods Patients with type Ⅰ incision surgical site infection in orthopedics department at Peking University Third Hospital from January 2005 to December 2013 were retrospectively collected.Clinical characteristics of patients,distribution and drug resistance of pathogens were analyzed.Results A total of 58.2 thousands patients with type Ⅰ incision surgical site were hospitalized from January 2005 to December 2013 in orthopedics department,and among them 442 patients had infection in the type Ⅰ incision surgical site.The infection rate was 0.8％.Infection was mainly observed in elderly patients.The most common diseases were lumbar canal stenosis (21.7％),cervical spondylosis (20.6％) and lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (14.0％).A total of 453 pathogenic strains were detected,of which 52.9％ were gram-positive bacteria,45.5％ were gramnegative bacteria and 1.6 ％ were fungi.The common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (25.2 ％),Staphylococcus epidermidis (14.1 ％),Escherichia coli (11.5 ％),Enterobacter cloacae (7.3 ％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.2 ％) and Acinetobacter baumannii (6.0 ％).The percentage of Meticillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 23.7％ and the percentage of Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) was 43.8％.Vancomycin or linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermidis were not detected.Proportion of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing strains in Escherichia coli was 53.8％,and proportion of ESBL-producing strains in Klebesiella pneumonia was 50.0％.The resistance rates to impenem and meropenem of the three different species in Enterobacteriaceae,including Escherichia coli,Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumonia,were 0.Resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cefoperazone-sulbactam,piperacillin-tazobactam were less than 10 ％.Resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to minocyline was 11.1％ and resistance rates of it to other drugs were more than 20％.Conclusions The rate of type Ⅰ incision surgical site infection in orthopedics department is low.Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria each account for half of the pathogens.The proportion of resistant pathogens is high and empirical treatment is needed to cover these pathogens.

Objective To investigate the correlation between auditory steady state responses(ASSR)and click audiotory brainstem respone(cABR)of infants as a function of different ages below 36 months.Methods 299 infants(497 ears from 1 to 36 months)were divided into 5 groups:208 ears in group 1(1~ month old),81 ears in group 2(4~ months old),47 ears in group 3(7~ months old),53 ears in group 4(13~ months old),and 108 ears in group 5(19~36 months old).The correlation analysis of the thresholds of 2 kHz and 4 kHz between ABR and ASSR were conducted,respectively with SPSS.Results In group 1,the correlation coefficient at 2 kHz between ABR and ASSR was 0.499,the correlation coefficient at 4 kHz between ABR and ASSR was 0.541,the correlation coefficient of the means of 2 kHz and 4 kHz between ABR and ASSR was 0.531.In group 2,these three correlation coefficients were 0.678,0.705 and 0.726,for group 3,0.792,0.717 and 0.777;for group 4,0.934,0.880 and 0.915,for group 5,0.817,0.810 and 0.867.Conclusion For infants of 1~18 months old,the correlation between ABR and ASSR increases as a function of ages.

The treatments for insomnia after stroke were various in recent years, including acupuncture with its distinguishing feature. It’s reviewed and summarized that experimental researches on Chinese and English databases about acupuncture treatment of insomnia after stroke in recent 10 years. Clinicians had chosen different acupuncture therapies for insomnia after stroke according to yinyang, zangfu, meridians, opening and closing of qi activity. Although those acupuncture therapies had achieved obvious clinical effects, they were deficient in experimental design and methodology.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) before radiation in pancreatic cancer patients underwent radiation therapy. Methods:Clinical data of 61 patients with pathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer were retrospectirely analyzed. Query index values for each patient were clinically tested through electronic medical records. Overall survival (OS) data were collected through electronic medical records or telephone follow-up. Survival curves were compared using Kaplan-Meier methodology and log-rank test. Cox regression methodolo-gy was used for univariate analysis. Results:Using log-rank test and univariate regression analysis, we found that patients with lower NLR, PLR, CA19-9, increased PNI, and lower TNM-staging lived longer than those with increased NLR, PLR, CA19-9, lower PNI, and high-er TNM-staging, and that the difference was statistically significant. Through multivariate analysis, we found that NLR (P=0.029, OR 2.344, 95%CI:1.090-5.041) and PNI (P=0.026, OR 0.477, 95%CI:0.248-0.917) were independent predictors of OS in patients with pan-creatic cancer. Conclusion:NLR, PLR, and PNI are simple, effective, and reliable indicators for evaluating the prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

To quantitatively evaluate the upper-limb spasticity of stroke patients in recovery stage, the relationship between surface electromyography (sEMG) characteristic indexes from biceps brachii and triceps brachii and the spasticity were explored, which provides the electrophysiological basis for clinical rehabilitation. Ten patients with spasticity after stroke were selected to be estimated by modified Ashworth (MAS) assessment and a passive elbow sinusoidal motion experiment was carried out. At the same time, the sEMG of biceps and triceps were recorded. The results shows that the reflex electromyographic threshold could reflect the physiological mechanism of spasticity and had significant correlation with MAS scale which showed that sEMG could be prosperous for the clinical quantitative evaluation of spasticity of stroke patients.
Electromyography ; Humans ; Muscle Spasticity ; physiopathology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiopathology ; Stroke ; physiopathology