Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; etiology ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications

Objective To learn about electrolytes imbalance and water intoxication in children treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide(HD-CTX)as well as the renal function and the relative clinical symptoms,and study the mechanisms of hyponatremia.Methods Patients' clinical manifestations during and after HD-CTX therapy were summarized.Serum electrolytes and creatinine(Cr)were detected before and 6 or 8 hours after therapy with HD-CTX,antidiuretic hormone(ADH) in some patients were measured.Results Of 108 therapeutic cases 24 accompanied with vomits and 22 with a decreased urine output,in which 4 developed eyelid or ankle edema.Seven cases had neural-sarcous symptoms and 5 cases had abdominal pain or diarrhea.Serum sodium decreased significantly after HD-CTX[(139.12?3.30) mmol/L vs(134.06?8.23) mmol/L] in whom rechecked after 6 h,(141.77?3.59) mmol/L vs(133.26?6.41) mmol/L in those rechecked after 8 h(Pa0.05].Serum Cr increased 8 h after therapy[(29.95?13.61) ?mol/L vs(43.33 ? 17.25) ?mol/L P

0.05)],which less than in control group [(4.614?1.683) IU/cm,(0.119?0.068) IU/cm,(564.2?53.8) ?m Pa

MicroRNA (miRNA) is an endogenous, non-coding single-stranded RNA that regulates a variety of signal pathways or cytokines.Recent studies have confirmed that miRNA can affect alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization in bone formation, and plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation and cartilage differentiation.Abnormalities in the osteogenesis process can lead to osteogenesis imperfecta, Feingold syndrome, and femoral head necrosis.This review summarizes the specific mechanism of osteogenic differentiation and cartilage differentiation regulated by miRNA, suggesting the new clue for the future research about the underlying mechanism of bone development and clinical treatment of bone dysplasia from epigenetics.

A pairs of primers were designed according to the fusion protein(F)gene sequences of canine distemper virus(CDV)in GenBank.A 369 bp fragment aimed signal peptide fragment of F gene was amplified.The PCR products from viscera samples,blood,urine of fur animals including foxes,minks and raccoon dogs,which collected in the years 2005-2007,were cloned to pMD18-T Vector and sequenced.We obtained 13 positive signal peptide fragments from wild-type strains.The results indicated there was obviously genetic diversity between the wild-type strains and CDV3 and other vaccine strains.The homology with CDV3 is 80.7%-83.2%in nucleotide,and 64.8%-71.3%in amino acid.The analysis for the hydrophobic regions indicated the function of signal peptide fragment may be changed.This study can offer aca- demic data to research of CDV genetic variation and epidemiology.

Objective To investigate the current status of dialysis adequacy and pass rate of Kt/Vurea in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and to explore the related risk factors and nursing intervention.Methods The participants referred to PD patients with adequate dialysis (≥3 months) and regular follow-up from August to December in 2015. The demographic data and clinical characteristics were collected according to questionnaire survey and laboratory examination. The participants were divided into two groups based on their KT/Vurea.Results Totals of 185 clinical stable PD patients were included in the study, with an average age of (56.41±14.57) years old and dialysis duration of (34.74±28.46) months. The cut-off of KT/Vurea was (2.05±0.50) and the pass rate of KT/Vurea was 77.84%. The passed participants tended to be females and had lower BMI and better residual renal function compared with participants who failed KT/ Vurea (P＜0.05). No significant difference was found in age, blood pressure, blood calcium, phosphorus, PTH, hemoglobin, blood albumin, alkaline phosphatase,CRP,Vitamin D, dialysis duration,and dialysis dose (P＞0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that sex and residual renal function were independent factors for Kt/Vurea. Being females was a protective factor. Decreased KT/Vurea, higher calcium-phosphorus product, lower serum albumin, prolonged dialysis time and increased dialysis dose were independent risk factors of residual renal function. Conclusions Sex and residual renal function were independent factors for Kt/Vurea. Nursing intervention should be focused on diet control and regular follow-up to prevent the progress of residual renal function and the improvement of dialysis adequacy.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate and integrate the best evidence of home exercise rehabilitation for peritoneal dialysis patients, so as to provide basis for formulating home exercise rehabilitation plan for peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods:Evidence-based problems were constructed according to the PICO (population, intervention, control and outcome) principle. The home exercise rehabilitation guideline, expert consensus, evidence summary, systematic review, and randomized controlled trial of peritoneal dialysis patients were systematically searched in the evidence-based resource databases such as UpToDate, British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, Guidelines International Network, and in the comprehensive databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to November 20, 2021. Two researchers with evidence-based knowledge independently evaluated the quality of the article and the level of evidence.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, including one evidence summary, one practical suggestion, one expert consensus, two systematic reviews, and five randomized controlled trials. A total of 24 best evidences were summarized from 8 aspects, including applicable population, starting time, exercise evaluation, exercise prescription formulation, exercise type, exercise frequency and duration, exercise intensity and exercise precautions.Conclusions:The best evidence of home exercise rehabilitation for peritoneal dialysis patients provides a certain evidence-based basis for the selection of home exercise rehabilitation programs for peritoneal dialysis patients.

OBJECTIVETo screen childhood ALL related microRNAs (miRNAs), analyze association of miRNAs expression profiles with prognosis and relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and explore new indicator for predicting relapse and prognosis.

METHODSmiRNAs expression profile was analyzed by gene chip in 49 newly diagnosed childhood ALL and 12 primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) cases (as control group). Abnormal expression of miRNAs was verified by qRT-PCR. The correlation of miRNAs expression pattern with indicators predicting early prednisone response and relapse within a year was analyzed.

RESULTSSpecific expression of miRNAs profiles associated with prednisone response and early relapse in childhood ALL was identified. Eight miRNAs (miR-18a, miR-532, miR-218, miR-625, miR-193a, miR-638, miR-550 and miR-633) could distinguish prednisone sensitive from insensitive. The early relapse of newly diagnosed patients with either high-risk or non-high-risk clinical types had some characteristics of abnormal expression of miRNAs, including miR-7, miR-216 and let-7i upregulated, while miR-486, miR-191, miR-150, miR-487 and miR-342 downregulated.

CONCLUSIONSThe initial screening reveals miRNAs differentially expressed from normal in ALL suggesting the potential roles of them in leukemogenesis. MiRNAs expression signatures may be useful for predicting prognosis and relapse in childhood ALL and directing personalized treatment.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Transcriptome

OBJECTIVEWe identify ionizing radiation-induced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in human lymphocytes and their distribution in normal populations.

METHODSLong-range polymerase chain reactions (PCR) using two pairs of primers specific for the human mitochondrial genome were used to analyze the lymphoblastoid cell line following exposure to 10 Gy (60)Co γ-rays. Limited-condition PCR, cloning and sequencing techniques were applied to verify the mtDNA deletions detected with long-range PCR. Human peripheral blood samples were irradiated with 0, 2 and 6 Gy (60)Co γ-rays, and real-time PCR analysis was performed to validate the mtDNA deletions. In order to know the distribution of mtDNA deletions in normal population, 222 healthy Chinese adults were also investigated.

RESULTSTwo mtDNA deletions, a 7455-bp deletion (nt475-nt7929 in heavy strand) and a 9225-bp deletion (nt7714 -nt369 in heavy strand), occurring between two 8-bp direct repeats, were identified in lymphoblastoid cells using long-range PCR, limited-condition PCR and sequencing. These results were also observed for (60)Co γ-rays irradiated human peripheral blood cells.

CONCLUSIONTwo novel mtDNA deletions, a 7455-bp deletion and a 9225-bp deletion, were induced by ionizing radiation. The rate of the mtDNA deletions within a normal population was related to the donors' age, but was independent of gender.

Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cobalt Radioisotopes ; DNA Damage ; genetics ; radiation effects ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; radiation effects ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; radiation effects ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of the polluted SY River on children's growth and sex hormones, and provide scientific data for assessment of the polluted status of the SY River.

METHODSThe study areas were selected randomly from the SY River Basin. Lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), phthalates (DEP, DBP, DMP, DEHP), and bisphenol A (BPA) were measured both in the river water and in the drinking water. School children were selected by cluster sampling (n=154). Physical development indexes (height, weight, bust-circumference, and skinfold thickness) and sex hormones [testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2)] were measured for all the children.

RESULTSThe contents of Pb and Hg exceeded Class V standards of surface water quality in each section of the river and other indicators exceeded Class III. Compared to the control area, the concentrations of Pb, Hg, As, BPA, DEP, and DBP in the drinking water were significantly higher than in the polluted area (P<0.05). Children from the control area had significantly lower E2 and T than children from the polluted area (P<0.05). Among anthropometric results, only skinfold thickness had statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05), while the other indexes showed no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe drinking water has been polluted by the SY River and affected serum sex hormone levels of children living in the polluted area.

Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; drug effects ; Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; China ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Rivers ; chemistry ; Water ; chemistry ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; toxicity ; Water Pollution, Chemical ; adverse effects ; Water Supply ; analysis