Adolescent ; Asthma ; psychology ; therapy ; Behavior Therapy ; Child ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; Psychotherapy

0.05). TNF-? in group EK and EKM was lower than that in group E (P0.05). Conclusions Ketamine can inhibit the release of TNF-? caused by LPS and increase myocardial cAMP level, protecting myocardium from sepsis. This may be one of the anti-septic shock mechanisms of ketamine. Combination of midazolam with ketamine does not affect the anti-septic shock property of ketamine.

Objective To systematically review the efficiency of 18 F-FDG PET in glioma grading by using Meta-analysis. Methods Retrieval in PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)was performed. Relevant papers concerning with glioma diagnoses with 18 F- FDG PET were selected. Paper quality was evaluated according to the standard of diagnostic test recommended by Cochrane Workshop. The data of glioma malignancy degree defined as semi-quantitatively and qualitatively were extracted from the papers. Meta-analysis was conducted with the Meta-Disc software to calculate pooled weighted sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence interval (CI). Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was performed and the areas under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Results Seven hundred and fifty-three patients from 17 papers ( 16 in English, 1 in Chinese) were included. Two hundred and seventy-two patients from 11 papers were using semi-quantitative (tumor to cortex ratio, T/C; tumor to white matter ratio,T/W) method and 481 patients from 9 papers were using qualitative method (visual observation, some of the papers had 2 or more methods). After heterogeneity test was done, different effect models were selected. The pooled weighted sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with 95% CI for T/C group was 0. 952 (95% CI: 0. 903 -0. 980), 0. 409 (95% CI: 0. 318-0. 504) and 11. 746 (95% CI:5. 368-25. 702) respectively. The pooled weighted sensitivity, specificity and DOR with 95% CI for T/W group was 0. 857 (95% CI: 0. 768-0. 922), 0. 538 (95% CI: 0. 431 -0. 642) and 22. 066 (95% CI:7. 077-68. 800) respectively. The pooled weighted sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR)with 95% CI for qualitative method was 0.810 (95%CI: 0.757-0.855), 0.870 (95%CI: 0. 819-0.911 ) and 15.282 (95% CI: 3. 716-62. 851 ) respectively. The AUC for T/C group, T/W group and qualitative method was 0.8604, 0. 8373 and 0. 8724 respectively. Conclusions Grading glioma by 18 F-FDG PET with semi-quantitative method may provide high diagnostic sensitivity. If qualitative method is used, the diagnostic specificity may be higher.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Diterpenes, Kaurane ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA), T 1WI and three-dimensional thin-layer T 1WI sequences (3D-T 1WI) in evaluating the blood supply of brain tumors, so as to improve the enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning scheme of brain tumors. Methods:After the contrast agent was injected, 29 patients with brain tumors were scanned with CE-MRA, T 1WI and 3D-T 1WI. The imaging manifestations of " observing the enhancement of tumor substance" , " observing the small vessels in the tumor body" and " observing the small vessels around the tumor" were qualitatively classified, and the diagnostic differences of the three sequences were analyzed by McNemar test. Results:⑴ In the aspect of " observing the contrast medium in the tumor body" , CE-MRA, T 1WI and 3D-T 1WI sequences diagnosed as grade A1 were 0 cases, 8 cases (27.59%) and 19 cases (65.52%) respectively. The diagnostic efficiency of 3D-T 1WI sequences was better than that of T 1WI sequence ( P<0.05), and T 1WI sequence was better than that of CE-MRA sequence ( P<0.05). ⑵ In the aspect of " observing the small vessels in the tumor" , CE-MRA, T 1WI and 3D-T 1WI sequences diagnosed as grade B1 were 8 cases (27.59%), 5 cases (17.24%) and 16 cases (55.17%), respectively. The diagnostic efficiency of 3D-T 1WI was better than that of T 1WI and CE-MRA ( P<0.05). ⑶ In the aspect of " observing the small vessels around the tumor" , CE-MRA, T 1WI and 3D-T 1WI sequences diagnosed as grade C1 were 18 cases(62.07%), 5 cases (17.24%) and 14 cases (48.28%) respectively. The diagnostic efficiency of CE-MRA and 3D-T 1WI wre better than that of T 1WI ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The combination of 3D-T 1WI and CE-MRA sequence can comprehensively evaluate the blood supply of the tumor, which is of great significance for the localization, characterization and treatment of brain tumors.

AIM: To explore the clinical effects of high frequency electrical capsulotomy in maturation period cataract surgery.
●METHODS: A total of 68 cases of maturation period cataract were selected and underwent the surgery of continuous circular capsulorhexis using the high frequency electrical capsulotomy.
●RESULTS: The success rate was 91% in 68 cases with the high frequency electrical capsulotomy.
● CONCLUSION: The high frequency electrical capsulotomy in maturation period cataract surgery has significant advantages and brilliant clinical values.

Objective To investigate the role of electromyography(EMG) in diagnosis of nervous system diseases in children.(Met)-hods EMG tests were carried out in 354 patients with nervous system diseases,and the data and results of EMG tests were analyzed.Results One hundred and sixty-six patients′ results of EMG were abnormal.Among these abnormalities,36 cases were myogenic,47 cases were neurogenic,abnormalities of 69 cases were located in peripheral nerves,3 cases got positive in repetitive nerve stimulation(RNS),and 11 cases were on the borderline.In 36 myogenic patients,clinical diagnosis were as follow: progressive muscular dystrophy(PMD,18 cases),polymyositis(2 cases),mitochondrial encephalomyopathy(1 case), and the other 15 cases had no definite diagnosis.In 47 neurogenic patients,the diagnosis were spinal muscular atrophy(SMA,29 cases),sequela of poliomyelitis(2 cases),acute transverse myelitis(ATM,4 cases),and the other 12 patients had no definite diagnosis.In 69 cases of peripheral nerve abnormality,diagnosis were injury of brachial nerve(23 cases),hereditary motor sensory neuropathy(HMSN,2 cases),Guillain-Barre syndrome(GBS,9(ca)-ses),chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy(CIDP,1 case),injury of facial nerve(4 cases),injury of common(pe)-roneal nerve(6 cases),metachromatic leukodystrophy(MLD,1 case),and the other 23 patients had no definite diagnosis.Three patients who got RNS positive were all diagnosed myasthenia gravis(MG),and ocular type(1 case),general type(2 cases).Eleven patients whose EMG results were borderline were all diagnosed indefinitely.One hundred and eighty-eight patients had normal results of EMG test.The diagnosis of these patients were included ocular MG(21 cases),cerebral palsy(CP,5 cases),ATM(2 cases),polymyositis((1 case)),and some other nervous system diseases(21 cases),and the other 138 were diagnosed indefinitely.Conclusions 1.EMG plays an important role in definite diagnosis of PMD,SMA,poliomyelitis and nerve injury;2.EMG can provide clue or basis in the differential(dia)gnosis of nervous system diseases which involved lower motor unit;3.EMG test has very low positive results in children with MG;(4.EMG) has little help in diagnosis of diseases involved upper motor unit only.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reversal effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting MDR1 and MDR3 genes on the resistance of MCF-7/ADR cells to adriamycin. siRNA plasmid vector targeting MDR1 and MDR3 genes was transfected into MCF-7/ADR cells, and then was stained with Annexin-V FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated) to detect the early stage cell apoptosis by flow cytometry (FCM). 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of adriamycin for MCF-7/ADR cells was determined by MTT method. MDR1 and MDR3 mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR. Treatment of MCF-7/ADR cells with the two kinds of siRNAs resulted in a reversal of adriamycin resistance of MDR to different extents. 1) The apoptosis efficiency of MDR1 and MDR3 siRNA vector after transfection was (18.21+/-1.65) % and (9.07+/-2.16) % respectively (P<0.05), and there was significant differences in the apoptosis efficiency between pSuppressor Neo vector and the MDR1siRNA or MDR3 siRNA vector (P<0.01); 2) The reversal effect of MDR1 siRNA is higher than that of MDR3 siRNA (P<0.05); 3) The expression of MDRI and MDR3 mRNA can be restrained by pSuppressor Neo MDR1 and MDR3 siRNA respectively, and the reduction in the mRNA level was in a time-dependent manner (P<0.01). MDR1 and MDR3 gene silencing can enhance intracellular adriamycin accumulation in MCF-7/ADR cells, improve sensitivity of MCF-7/ADR cells to adriamycin, and induce cell apoptosis. The reversal effect of adriamycin resistance by siRNA of MDR1 was more effective than that of MDR3.

To explore the role and possible mechanism of apoptosis and caspase-3 activity in the development of multicellular drug resistance of ovary cancer. Ovarian cancer cell A2780 multicellular spheroids (MCS) were obtained from three-dimensional culture. Drug sensitivity of monolayer cells (MC) and MCS were respectively tested by MTT staining and cytometry. The apoptosis of MC and MCS were determined by the flow cytometry (FCM). The expression of bcl-2 and caspase-3 in A2780/MC and A2780/MCS were detected by using Western blot and caspase-3 assay kit. A2780/MC was compacted into mass after 2 days in three-dimensional cell culture model, and MCS had more than two layers of cells growing within 5 days. Compared with A2780/MC, A2780/MCS were more resistant to the anticancer drug, and the apoptosis rate was significantly lower than those of A2780/MC. The activity of caspase-3 in A2780/MCS was significantly lower than the A2780/MC. But the expression of bcl-2 in A2780/MCS was significantly higher than that in A2780/MC. It was suggested that the drug resistance of MCS might be associated with the overexpression of anti-apoptosis protein bcl-2 and the down-regulation of caspase-3 activity.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) level andischemic stroke and its etiological subtypes. Methods The consecutive inpatients with acute ischemic stroke (case group) and age-and sex-matched healthy subjects (control group) over the same period were enrolled retrospectively. The demographic and baseline clinical data, as well as fasting blood glucose, fibrinogen,homocysteine, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol, low -density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Lp(a) concentration of the case group and the control group were collected. According to TOAST classification criteria, the patients in the case group were divided into large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), small artery occlusion (SAO) and cardioembolism (CE), and the patients with other determined etiology and undetermined etiology were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to make clear the correlation between serum Lp(a) and acute ischemic stroke and its etiological subtypes. Results A total of 214 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled. Ninety-seven had LAA (45.33%), 64 (29.91%) had SAO, and 53 (24.77%) had CE. There were 118 subjects in the control group. There were significant differences in the proportions of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation and alcohol consumption, as well as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low -density lipoprotein cholesterol, Lp(a), fibrinogen, and homocysteine between the case group and the control group (all P <0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age and sex, Lp(a) is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke (odds ratio [OR] 2.014, 95% confidence interval [CI ] 1.273-3.092, P = 0.036). The independent risk factors for LAA included hypertension (OR 3.353, 95% CI 1.714-6.558, P = 0.001), systolic blood pressure ( OR 2.786, 95% CI 1.136-5.538, P =0.016), homocysteine ( OR 1.108, 95% CI 1.031-2.191, P = 0.005), total cholesterol (OR 2.169, 95% CI 1.599-4.943, P = 0.001), low -density lipoprotein cholesterol ( OR2.782, 95% CI 1.093-5.238, P =0.024), and Lp(a) (OR 3.072, 95% CI 1.907-8.064, P =0.001). Theindependent risk factors for SAO included hypertension ( OR 7.042, 95% CI 3.189-25.55, P =0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR 5.162, 95% CI 2.372-11.23, P =0.001), fibrinogen (OR 1.667, 95% CI 1.434-2.025, P = 0.045), and homocysteine (OR 1.967, 95% CI 1.859-1.995, P =0.036). The independent risk factors for CE included atrial fibrillation (OR 13.340, 95% CI 4.637-39.20, P = 0.001), fibrinogen (OR 2.365, 95% CI 1.147- 4.904, P =0.029), and Lp(a) (OR 1.656, 95% CI 1.996-3.001, P = 0.035). Conclusions Lp(a) is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke, and can be used as a serum biomarker for predicting the risk of the onset of ischemic stroke. There are differences in independent risk factors between the different stroke etiological subtypes. Lp(a) is independently associated with LAA and CE; however, it has no independent correlation with SAO.