Objective To analyze the influence of different types of seizures and nonepileptic events on peripheral white blood cell (WBC)counts. Methods We prospectively collected blood samples from all patients and detered WBC count to evaluate the relation of each type of seizure,duration,frequencies,and ttme lapse between a seizure and collection of blood sample to peripheral WBC count. Results Peripheral WBC count was elevated in about 50% cases after a generalized seizure. The length of a seizures was positively associated, whereas its frequencies and the lapse time was negatively correlated with the increase in WBC counts. Conclusion Peripheral WBC counts increase significantly after a generalized seizure.

Background Light stimulation at different wavelength influences the development of eyes.It has been showed that blue light can inhibit the growth of eyeball.To study whether blue light exposure can delay the extension of myopia is an interested research project.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of blue light with short wavelength on ocular growth in form deprived myopia (FDM) in guinea pigs and provide a new option for the prevention and treatment of myopia.Methods Thirty-six 2-week-old guinea pigs were reared in the environment of white light.The right eyes of the animals were occluded to establish the FDM models.The models were randomized into the deocclusion + blue light exposure group,simple deocclusion group and continuous occlusion group according to the random number table.The right eyes of the models were deoccluded for 1 hour per day to give the blue light (430 nm) irradiation in the deocclusion + blue light exposure group,and the right eyes were deoccluded for 1 hour per day only in the simple deocclusion group.In the continuous occlusion group,the right eyes of the models were occluded until the end of this experiment.Anterior chamber depth (ACD),lens thickness (LT) and vitreous cavity depth (VCD) were measured by A-type sonography.The binocular diopter of the guinea pigs was detected using retinoscopy in the mydriatic condition.In the fourth week after experiment,the retinal sections were prepared for the regular histopathological examination,and the scleral tissues next to 1 mm from optical nerve were exacted to obtain the dry weight of scleral tissues.Results In the right eyes of the animals,no significant differences were found in the diopter,ACD,LT and VCD before experiment among the 3 groups (all at P＞0.05).At the end of experiment,the refraction of right eye in the deocclusion + blue light exposure group,simple deocclusion group and continuous occlusion group was (+1.11±0.17)D,(+0.90±0.15)D and (-2.73±0.19)D respectively,with a significant difference among them (F=1 445.470,P=0.000).The VCD in the three groups was (3.70±0.09) mm,(3.78±0.11) mm and (3.91 ± 0.08) mm,respectively,showing a significant difference (F =13.243,P＜0.01).In addition,the dry weight of sclera tissues was (0.61 ±0.09)mg in the deocclusion + blue light exposure group,(0.54± 0.08)mg in the simple deocclusion group and (0.43 ± 0.07)mg in the continuous occlusion group,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F=10.458,P＜0.01).However,there were no significant differences in the ACD and LT among the 3 groups (F=0.203,0.084,both at P＞0.05).Moreover,in the left eyes,no significant differences were found in the diopter,ACD,LT and VCD before experiment among the 3 groups (all at P＞0.05);while at the end of the experiment,the diopter of the continuous occlusion group was significantly lower than that of the deocclusion + blue light exposure group and simple deocclusion group (all at P＜0.05).No significant differences were seen in the ACD,LT,VCD and dry weight of sclera among the 3 groups (all at P＞0.05).Retinal structure was normal in the left eyes of various groups.However,the retinas were thinner in the right eyes of the deocclusion + blue light exposure group with clear layers; while atrophy of the outer segment of photoreceptor and disorder of cell arrangement were seen in the right eyes of the continuous occlusion group.Conclusions During sensitive period of visual development,blue light stimulation can arrest the extension of posterior sclera and elongation of vitreous cavity,which restrains development of myopia.This blue light at the wavelength of 430 nm is safe to retina.

BackgroundMonocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)plays an important role in the tumor,inflammation,diabetic retinopathy and other neovascular disease,but the expression and the role of MCP-1 in the oxygen induced retinopathy(OIR) model have rarely been reported. Objective This study was to investigate the expression of MCP-1 in the retina development of newborn mouse and in mouse models with OIR.Methods C57BL/6J newborn mice were divided into two groups and 60 mice in each group.Mice in OIR group were exposed to 75％ oxygen for 5 days and then to room air.All mice in normal control group exposed to room air only.Ten mice in each group were randomly chosen and sacrificed at postnatal 5,7,12,14,17,21 days.The expression of MCP-1 in mouse retina was detected with the method of immunohistoehemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results MCP-1 positive cells were seen in normal mouse retina.Up-regulation of MCP-1 positive cells was detected both in 12 days in normal control group and in 14 days in OIR group.MCP-1 mRNA was detected in mouse retina at 5 days,and a transient up-regulation of MCP-1 mRNA was observed in 12 days in normal control group.MCP-1 mRNA in OIR group significantly increased in 14 days in comparison with the normal control group( P =0.028,P =0.001 ). Conclusions Expression of MCP-1 is detectable in whole retinal development procession of mice.A transient up-regulation of MCP-1 expression is detected in the critical period of retinal vascular development in mice models with OIR,which is closely related to the retinal vascular development and progression of retinal new vessels.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic method of metabolic acidosis in long-term sur- vival patients undergoing simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation.Methods A 45-year-old fe- male patient,who had undergone simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation(due to diabetic ne- phropathy and uremia)with bladder drainage 2 years before,developed severe metabolic acidosis,and thus underwent surgical conversion from bladder to ileal drainage.The procedure was as follows.The stoma of duo- denocystostomy was isolated and resected.The site of cystostomy was closed in two layers.The graft duode- num was then anastomosed to a loop of the recipient's ileum,which was proximal 40 cm from the ileocecum in a side-to-side manner.Results The metabolic acidosis resolved postoperatively.The patient received conventional immunosuppressants.The hospital stay was 30d.Follow-up of 4 years showed normal pancreas and kidney functions.Conclusions Conversion from bladder to ileal drainage is safe and effective for metabolic acidosis related to the exocrine secretions of bladder drained pancreas graft in simultaneous pancre- as and kidney transplant recipients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of NBI assisted white light transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in the treatment of bladder urothelial carcinoma and to summarize the experience of narrow band imaging (NBI) operation. METHODS: Patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma were selected, and TURBT was performed after anesthesia. First of all, the bladder tumor was found and resected under white light. Then we replaced with NBI, looked for suspicious lesions and resected them, The specimens excised under white light and NBI were collected separately. The number, location and pathological results of the lesions under white light were recorded, and the residual lesions under NBI were also recorded. To evaluate the effect of NBI, the ratio of residual bladder tumor was calculated. The cases were divided into three groups according to the time sequence. The clinical data of each group were collected and the learning curve of TURBT under NBI assisted white light was observed. RESULTS: A prospective study of 45 patients with bladder tumor from April 2018 to January 2020, including 32 males and 13 females, aged from 23 to 89 years, with an average age of 65.2 years. All the operations were successfully completed, without obvious complications after operation. Nine cases were single and 36 cases were multiple. The maximum diameter of the tumors was 0.5 to 4.0 cm, with an average of 2.2 cm. The histopathology of the resected tissue under white light was urothelial carcinoma, and 19 cases (42.2%) were pathologically positive by NBI resection. The 45 cases were divided into three groups according to the time sequence, 15 cases in each group. The true positive rate of NBI was 33.3%, 46.7% and 46.7%, respectively, and the false positive rate was 60.0%, 46.7% and 26.7%, respectively in the three groups. CONCLUSION TURBT is an effective way to treat bladder urothelial cancer, NBI is an effective supplement of white light, which can increase the detection rate of bladder cancer and reduce post-operative recurrence. The NBI light source has a certain learning curve. With the increase of cases, the false-positive rate of NBI is gradually reduced. After the NBI operator has rich experience, the recognition degree of flat tumor is gradually improved under white light, and the residual rate of NBI is reduced after the removal under white light.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cystoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Narrow Band Imaging ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prospective Studies ; Self-Control ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery* ; Young Adult

Objective: To observe the effects of manganese( Ⅲ ) meso-tetrakis (N, N'-diethylimidazolium-2-yl) porphyrin (MnTDM) in treatment of early Parkinson's disease(PD) mouse model induced by subcutaneous injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) and to discuss its possible mechanism. Methods:Forty male C57BL/6 mice were evenly randomized into 4 groups: MPTP model group(subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg MPTP for 3 days), MnTDM+ MPTP group (15 mg/kg MnTDM was subcutaneously injected 1 h before MPTP injection), MnTDM control group, and normal saline group. Performance of animals in the pole and swimming test was observed 3 days after the last injection. Levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites(3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid [DOPAC] and homovanillic acid [HVA]) in the striatum of animals were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detector(HPLC-ECD). Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method was used to examine the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA). Results: Acute injection of MPTP could be used for establishment of PD model. The striatal levels of DA, DOPAC and HVA in MPTP group were significantly lower(P＜0.01)and the striatal level of MDA was significantly higher(P＜0.05) than those of the control group. MPTP had no obvious effect on the behavioral performance of the animals in a short term. MnTDM could partly inhibit the above effects of MPTP. Compared with MPTP group, MnTDM+ MPTP group had significantly higher DA, DOPAC, and HVA levels and significantly lower MDA level(all P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the behavioral indices of animals between the 4 groups. Conclusion:MnTDM can inhibit lipid peroxidation and promote DA production; it has preventive and therapeutic effects on MPTP induced PD.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Nomograms ; Prognosis ; Progression-Free Survival ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the feasibility and early results of radical resection of esophageal carcinoma using single-port thoracoscopy combined with laparoscopy.

METHODSFrom March 2010 to December 2010, 6 patients with esophageal carcinoma underwent radical resection by single-port thoracoscopy combined with laparoscopy in the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army. With the patients at a supine position, laparoscopy was performed to complete stomach mobilization and abdominal lymph node dissection. Thoracoscopy was then carried out with the patients lying on the left to mobilize the esophagus and dissect thoracic lymph nodes. Finally, the stomach was pulled into the thoracic cavity via the hiatus of the diaphragm to construct a tube-like stomach, which was then anastomosed to the esophagus using the OrVil system.

RESULTSNo patient was converted to open surgery during the operation. The total operative time ranged from 200 to 320 min. The mean laparoscopic time was 75(range, 45-90) min, and the mean thoracoscopic time 160(120-240) min. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 220(160-300) ml. The mean lymph node retrieval was 12(9-18). No anastomotic fistula, chylothorax, lung infection were found postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONAfter esophageal resection using single-port thoracoscopic and laparoscopy, reconstruction using OrVil system is safe and feasible.

Aged ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thoracoscopy ; methods

Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA Repair ; DNA Repair Enzymes ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Recently, it is thought that endothelial function is a new independent risk factor of atherosclerotic disease. However, the differences in endothelial function between Tibetan and Han nationality populations have not been fully investigated.OBJ ECTIVE: To investigate the differences in endothelial function between Tibetan and Han nationality population.DESIGN: Controlled analysis.SETTING: Department of Cardiology, General Hospital; Department of Cardiology, Tibet General Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 272 Tibetan male subjects, aged (43±9) years, were enrolled in this study to stand for Tibetan nationality populations. All of them were native residents in Lhasa city. And 580 Qinghai-Tibetan railway constructers with Han nationality, aged (42±11) years, were enrolled in this study to stand for Han nationality populations. All of them were male subjects from Sichuan province and lived in Lhasa city for at least 1 year. All the participants received regular physical examination between February and May 2006 in the General Hospital of Tibet Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. All the subjects lived in the same high-altitude area (the altitude of Lhasa is 3 658 m). Informed consents were obtained from all the participants.METHODS: ①Height, body mass, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was measured as body mass/height2. ② Measurement of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD): All the participants, who were in the fasting state, were examined in supine position following 20-minute rest. The room temperature was about 20 ℃. In the right arm, a sphygmomanometer cuff was positioned 5 cm below the antecubital fossa. A 10-MHz transducer (Vivid 7, GE Corporation, USA) was used to image the right brachial artery. After obtaining the baseline imaging, the blood pressure cuff was inflated 50 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) above the participant's SBP to occlude the brachial artery for 4 minutes. The brachial artery was then imaged during cuff inflation and 2 minutes after cuff release. After the cuff was released and reactive hyperaemia occurred, that was, flow in the brachial artery increased to accommodate the dilated resistance vessels in the forearm. In order to ensure the reliability of the data, the cuff placement and image record were performed by two designated performers. Computer-assisted analysis software was used to calculate brachial artery diameters. The absolute and relative changes of brachial artery FMD were automatically calculated out with the attached software of Vivid 7 ultrasonic diagnosis instrument. ③Biochemical study: The biochemical parameters were obtained after an overnight fasting for 12 hours. Venous blood was sampled for the measurement of total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). ④ Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the measurement data. Chi-square statistic was used to compare enumeration data.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of change in BMI, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, blood lipid, baseline brachial diameter and brachial diameter between 2 groups.RESULTS: Totally 272 Tibetan nationality populations and 583 Han nationality populations participated in the final analysis. ① Brachial artery FMD: The baseline brachial artery diameter of Tibetan nationality populations was significantly larger than that of Han nationality population [(4.28±0.06) mm vs. (4.03±0.04) mm, t =71.915 6, P ＜0.01]; The absolute and relative changes of brachial artery of Tibetan nationality populations were significantly smaller than those of Han nationality populations, respectively [(0.124±0.005) mm vs. (0.141±0.006) mm; (2.934±0.204)% vs.(3.587±0.152)%, t = 40.582 0,52.173 2, P ＜ 0.01]. ②Physical study results: BMI and waist-hip ratio of Tibetan nationality populations were significantly larger than those of Han nationality populations [(30.1±2.5) kg/m2 vs. (26.5±3.4) kg/m2, 0.92±0.07 vs. 0.88±0.05, t =15.595 1, 9.525 4, P ＜ 0.01]. ③TG and LDL-C levels of Tibetan nationality population were (2.31±1.31) mmol/L and (3.49±0.91) mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly higler than those of Han nationality population [(1.97±1.44) mmol/L and (3.07±0.86) mmol/L, t =3.420 0, 6.522 3, P ＜ 0.01].CONCLUSION: ① Brachial artery FMD of Tibetan nationality population is poorer than that of Han nationality population,I.e. Poor vascular reactivity. ② Tibetan nationality populations have severe abdominal obesity and higher level of blood lipid as compared with Han nationality populations.