Child ; Female ; Hematemesis ; complications ; Humans ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; complications ; congenital

Objective In order to explore practical values of the revised Duck criteria for diagnosis and treatment of pediatric infective endocarditis(IE).Methods Seventy-three children′s cases diagnosed and treatmented as IE complicated with congenital heart defects in the past 22 years were collected to make retrospective analysis according to the Duck criteria.Results In 73 patients,a definite diagnosis of IE was made in 37 patients(51%),16(43%) of which proved by the pathologic lesions during the operations.Eight patients(22%) met two major criteria,13 patients(35%) met one major and more than 3 minor criteria.36 patients(49%) were diagnosed as possible IE.Forty-five patients(62%) were cured using antibiotic therapy.Sixteen cases(21%) were failure in antibiotic treatment,of whom 16 patients were operated by cutting off the detection of vegetation and repairing the heart malformation.Tweleve cases(17%) were died,one of which was died after the operation.Conclusions IE is still a significant complication of congenital heart disease.Duck criteria is relative rigid in sensitivity,but it is high in specificity.When the vegetation isn′t large enough in shape,revised Duck criteria is difficult to(diagnose) early.The surgery treatment is optimistic.To combine the medicine with surgery can contributed to decrease mortality rate.

Adolescent ; Angiography ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; blood supply ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mediastinal Cyst ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Mediastinal Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; Respiratory Sounds ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; X-Rays

Abnormalities, Multiple ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Aorta, Thoracic ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; congenital ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Aortic Diseases ; congenital ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography ; Rare Diseases ; X-Rays

OBJECTIVE To investigates the effects of imperatorin on the oxidative stress in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS Transient focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model in male Sprague-Dawley rats was induced by 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24 h reperfusion. Imperatorin (1.25 and 2.5 mg·kg- 1) or vehicle were administered intraperitoneally at 1, 5 and 9 h after the onset of ischemia. At 24 h after reperfusion, the biomarkers of oxidative stress such as the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were observed. We also assessed the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and the NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) protein expression by Western blot. RESULTS As compared to vehicle-treated animals, imperatorin treatment significantly reduced the ROS, MDA, NO levels and iNOS activity, increased T-AOC and the activities of SOD and CAT. Furthermore, imperatorin treatment also significantly induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, enhanced the protein expression of HO-1 and NQO-1 in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that imperatorin can protect the brain against the excessive oxidative stress induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion through activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Abstract?AlM:To analyze of the clinical features of acute retinal pigment epitheltis ( ARPE) .?METHODS: The clinical data of 36 ARPE patients ( 40 eyes) attending this center from January 2008 to January 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Of them, 21 patients (58.3%) were male (male :female=1:0. 71). The mean age was 40. 92±7. 13 years old (range:17~60y). The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0. 50±0. 26 with a range of 0. 3 ~ 1. 0. Thirty-two patients were unilateral cases. All the patients were examined for BCVA, funds photography, fluorescein fundus angiography ( FFA ) , optical coherence tomography ( OCT) . FFA was shown as three types: type ▏ to multiple black light or grape variety fluorescent spot; Type II for l lesions visible fluorescence leakage; Type Ⅲ lesions with choroid neovascularization ( CNV ) . OCT was the following three forms: multiple RPE lesions layer reflection intermittent, proliferation ( type ▏); pigment epithelial detachment with limitations neural epithelium ( typeII);types l and ll with CNV ( type Ⅲ) .?RESULTS: Ocular fundus showed that the lesions were multiple dark-gray spots with a dark circumscribed area at the macular or nearby in all 40 eyes. FFA showed:21 eyes were type ▏, 17 eyes were type II and 2 eyes were typeⅢ, BCVA between type ▏ and type II was statistically significant (P<0. 05), the same was between type 芋. BCVA between different cases in the same type and between type II, Ⅲ, was no statistical difference ( P>0. 05). OCT showed 21 eyes wwere type ▏, 17 eyes were type II and type Ⅲ 2 eyes. BCVA average between type▏ andIIwas statistically significant (P<0. 05). The mean BCVA was no statistically significant difference between type II and Ⅲ patients (P>0. 05).?CONCLUSlON:ARPE fundus demonstrated the multiple dark gray discrete lesions, the degree of visual impairment related with the presence of pigment epithelial barrier and lesion location. OCT and FFA characterized three types. FFA is shown asblack light orgrape variety fluorescent spot, and is the basis of diagnosis. OCT can display the lesions organization form of each layer clearly. lt plays a more and more important role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ARPE.

Erythrocytes ; metabolism ; Fatty Liver ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis ; blood ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; blood ; Thymosin ; therapeutic use ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of ambroxol in the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants.

METHODSElectronic searches were performed in the Cochrane Library, PubMED, EMBASE, Chinese CBM, Chinese VIP Database, Chinese Wanfang Database and Chinese CNKI Database up to the year of 2009 for randomized controlled trials (RCT) on ambroxol for the prevention of RDS in preterm infants. The meeting articles related to the RCT were manually searched in Pediatrics and Pediatric Research. Meta analysis was performed for the results of homogeneous studies by the Cochrane Collaboration's software RevMan 5.0.17.

RESULTSSix RCTs involving 823 preterm infants were included, and the quality assessment for the trials demonstrated 1 article as A class, 1 article as B class and 4 articles as C class. The Meta analysis showed that ambroxol administration significantly reduced the incidence of RDS (OR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.15 - 0.64, P<0.01), bronchopulmonary dysplasis (BPD, OR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.23 - 0.75, P<0.01), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH, OR=0.39, 95%CI:0.24 - 0.64, P<0.01), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA, OR=0.33, 95%CI: 0.17 - 0.67, P<0.01) and pulmonary infection (OR=0.24, 95%CI:0.14 - 0.38, P<0.01). No adverse events related to the ambroxol treatment were reported.

CONCLUSIONSThe current evidence shows that early use of ambroxol can reduce the risk of RDS, BPD, IVH, PDA and pulmonary infection in preterm infants.

Ambroxol ; therapeutic use ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; prevention & control ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; prevention & control