Objective To investigate the relationships between concentrations of free fatty acid (FFA) in maternal serum and oxidative damage levels in placental mitochondria and preeclampsia ( PE)-Methods A total of 60 women with PE and 60 normal pregnant women as control participated in this study.All were admitted to Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital for delivery from August 2010 to May 2011.Patients with PE were divided into early-onset group ( n =30,presented at ＜ 34 weeks of gestation ) and late-onset group ( n =30,presented at ≥ 34 weeks of gestation),with 30 normal pregnant women as early control group ( ＜ 34 weeks of gestation ) and 30 as late control group ( ≥34 weeks of gestation).Improved copper agent colorimetry was used to detect FFA in maternal serum Ultraviolet colorimetry was used to detect glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) activity in maternal placenta and malondialdebyde (MDA) and permeability transiton (PT) pore in placental mitochondria.Total superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay kit-WST was used to detect SOD activity in placenta.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) expression in placenta.Results ( 1 ) Maternal serum FFA was ( 1.6 ±0.5 ) mmol/L in early-onset PE group and ( 1.5 ± 0.4) mmol/L in lateonset PE group,significantly elevated as compared to ( 1.0 ± 0.5 ) mmol/L in early control group and (0.9 ±0.5) mmol/L in late control group (P ＜ 0.05 ). However,no significant difference was found between early-onset and late-onset PE groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).(2) The mean placental GPX,CAT and SOD activity were significantly decreased in the early-onset PE group [ (47 ±6),( 19 ±5),(62 ± 13) U/mg]and late-onset PE group [ (67 ±6),(20 ±4),(96 ± 17) U/mg] as compared to late control group [ (80 ±3),(55 ± 3 ),( 123 ± 19 ) U/mg],respectively ( P ＜ 0.05 ).(3) The mean placental mitochondria MDA was significantly elevated in the early-onset PE group [ (115 ± 22) nmol/mg] and late-onset PE group [(90±17) nmol/mg] as compared to late control group [(52 ± 11) nmol/mg,P ＜0.05].The mean absorption value that present the permeability of placental mitochondria PT pore was significantly elevated in the early-onset PE group (0.086 ±0.013) and late-onset PE group (0.069 ±0.014) as compared to late control group (0.052 ± 0.0 12,P ＜ 0.05 ).The mean placental mtDNA expression was significantly elevated in the early-onset PE group (3.0 ±0.7) and late-onset PE group (2.8 ±0.7) as compared to late control group ( 2.6 ± 0.6,P ＜ 0.05 ).( 4 ) The mean placental mitochondria MDA concentration correlated positively with the concentrations of FFA in maternal serum in the early-onset PE group ( r =0.703,P ＜0.05 ) and late-onset PE group (r =0.457,P ＜ 0.05 ),and negatively with placental antioxidant enzyme in the early-onset PE group ( r =- 0.652,- 0.787,- 0.952 ; P ＜ 0.05 ) and late-onset PE group ( r =-0.378,-0.689,-0.854; P＜0.05).Conclusions Increased FFA in maternal serum and high levels of oxidative damage in placental mitochondria may be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Increased FFA in serum and decreased activity of antioxidant enzyme in placenta may contribute to oxidative damage levels in placental mitochondria in women with PE.

Intralipid is a kind of important fat emulsion.It has been widely used clinically in severely ill patients,especially in the patients before and or after major operation since the 1980s.After retrieving the papers on Intralipid form MEDLINE CD ROM database from 1980 to 1994 and analysing them by linear regression analysis in literature metrology,We found a significant linear correlation between the yearly literature quantity and the dynamic time course (year).From 1980 to 1994,the average yearly growth rate of the literature was 1.16.According to the regression equation,it is predicted that the literature on Intralipid will increase at a rate of 2.07% per year.From this analysis,we think that the research of Intralipid is tending to stability and will be wonderful.

[Objective] To establish a method for determination of serum tryptophan and kynurenine in pregnant women.[Method] RP-HPLC was applied to analysis.C18 column was used.The mobile phase was composed of methanol-0.001M KH2PO4(PH=4)(12∶88).The UV detection wave length was 245nm.[Results] The linear response ranged from 2.56～307.06?mol?L-1 for tryptophan, r=0.9999.The linear response ranged from 0.12～5.05?mol?L-1 for kynurenine, r=0.9997.The mean concentrations of serum tryptophan and kynurenine were 49.73?7.48?mol?L-1 and 0.74?0.33?mol?L-1 respectively in 30 pregnant women.[Conclusion] The method is sensitive and suitable for the determination.

Objective To explore the factors of medical anthropology related to malaria control among Wa Ethnic minority in Ximeng County, Yunnan Province. Methods The study was conducted by the combination of anthropology and epidemiology, qualitative and quantitative, statistical analysis and description. Results Wa people considered malaria as one of three major diseases in the community. In Wa Ethnical language, the word of malaria, “Saihui” (Sai-illness and pain, Hui-being attacked quickly), does not mean of fever. About one third of Wa people had not thought fever as one of malaria symptoms. Most of Wa people only knew vivax malaria, but not falciparum malaria. Only 32.7% of people could connect malaria with mosquitoes, and a few of them could confirm mosquitoes as the only malaria vector. The proportions of sound knowledge of malaria causes, prevention and treatment seeking assessed were lower than 25.0%. As a result of multivariate logistic regression, 3 kinds of malaria knowledge were closely correlated each other, and the connection between causal knowledge and prevention (adjusted OR: 36.610, 95%CI: 10.242-130.866, P

BACKGROUND:3D printing, a rapid prototyping technology, is considered to be one of the symbols of the third industrial revolution. There are many kinds of 3D printed materials, which have a wide range of clinical applications.OBJECTIVE: To systematically introduce 3D printed biological materials, to summarize the application advances of 3D printing technology in the printing and production of bone, artificial limbs, dentures, skin, blood vessels, stent, implant prosthesis, and tumor models, as well as to investigate the performance conditions of 3D printed biomaterials based on the advantages and disadvantages of the currently used biomaterials, in order to provide reference for future research.METHODS:A computer-based search of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed was performed to search relevant articles published from 2010 to 2016, using the keywords of three-dimensional printing/3D printing/3-D printing; biomaterials; clinical application in Chinese and English, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Great progress in 3D printed biomaterials has been made. However, there are some defects in the existing printed materials, such as high cost, low printing precision and poor biodegradability. Only if the problem of materials is solved, can we continue to develop 3D printing technology. New breakthroughs in 3D printing in the field of medicine have been made, and new technologies and new materials have been applied in clinical practice. Systemic summarization of these application achievements of 3D printing in the field of medicine can provide reference for future medical research.

In this paper,the management process of Chinese-Western medicine compound preparation is briefly reviewed.the existing problems were analyzed from the perspective of registration supervision and quality control.It is pointed out that there are still some types of management in the registration of supervision,such as the weak basic research,approval number of multiple pecifications,not uniform name,and not standardized specification.In the area of quality control,correlation analysis between the lack of key items (such as related substances,uniformity of contents,and dissolution test items) and the hidden dangers in medical security of preparations was performed.To explore the need for reevaluation,and put forward some suggestions for improvement in order to provide a useful reference for the scientific supervision of Chinese-Western medicine compound preparation.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To construct a prokaryotic expression plasmid to produce recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand ( TRAIL) and to verify the biological activity of TRAIL.METHODS: The pro-karyotic expression plasmid pET-28a (+)-TRAIL114-281 was constructed.Human soluble TRAIL was obtained through opti-mized inducing protein expression and purification conditions.The biological activity of TRAIL was verified by CCK-8 as-say.The apoptosis-inducing effect of TRAIL alone and/or in combination with proteasome inhibitor bortezomib ( Velcade, PS-341) on the tumor cell lines H460 ( TRAIL-sensitive) and K562 ( TRAIL-resistance) for 24 h was determined.The ap-optotic rates of the cells were analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining.The activities of caspase-8,-9 and -3 in the cells were detected by colorimetric method.The protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and cFLIP was measured by Western blot.The expression of DR4 and DR5 in the H460 cells and K562 cells after treated with bortezomib for 24 h was detected by flow cytometry.RESULTS:The recombinant human soluble TRAIL protein with stable bioactivity was success-fully acquired, which induced apoptosis in H460 cells and K562 cells.After treatment with different concentrations of TRAIL, the apoptotic rate of H460 cells was significantly increased with the increase in the concentration of TRAIL ( P<0.05), but the apoptotic rate of K562 cells was not affected by the increasing TRAIL concentration.Apoptotic rate in com-bination group was obviously higher than that in single group ( P<0.05 ) .In the process of apoptosis, the activities of caspase-8,-9 and -3 in H460 cells and K562 cells were both increased.The expression of Bcl-2 and cFLIP in treatment groups ( especially the combination group) was decreased compared with control group.No significant change of the Bax expression level was observed.The expression of DR4 and DR5 in the H460 cells and K562 cells was significantly up-regu-lated after treated with bortezomib ( P<0.05 ) .CONCLUSION: Bortezomib combined with recombinant human soluble TRAIL synergistically induces apoptosis in tumor cell lines H460 and K562 through initiating intrinsic apoptotic pathways by up-regulating death receptors DR4 and DR5, and reducing the expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and cFLIP.

Objective To investigate the effect of continued nursing education manual on surgical nursing education.Methods A continued nursing education manual was designed and applied to surgical nursing education.The effects were assessed by comparing the nursing training results before and after intervention by the manual in terms of nursing theory test,nursing techniques test.Results After the application of manual,the training coverage rate increased from 94.59%to 100.00%(P<0.05),the pass rate of theory test increased from 87.57%to 94.21%(P<0.05),and the pass rate of nursing skills test increased from 90.27%to 96.14%(P<0.05). Conclusion The continued nursing education manual is effective in improving the educational effect of surgical nursing.

Objective] To study emotional counterbalance therapy which is used in depression treatment ,it plays an important role in the treatment of emotional disorders. [Method] With the research methods of taking depression for example ,through the sad,fear of these two emotional factors to explore the pathogenesis of depression,and analyze“happiness restrains sadness“ and“thought restrains fear”in the emotional counterbalance therapy, which are used in the depression clinical application.[Result]Emotional counterbalance uses one or more of the emotions to regulate ,control,overcome the other one or more negative emotions,which based on the restriction among the five elements theory is a kind of psychological therapy.Sadandfearare the most common chief complaints in depression which belong to the emotional depression in depression disease of Chinese medicine. On the basis of “sad doing harm to the lungs”and “dread doing harm to the kidneys”,lung,kidney and depression etiology,pathogenesis,symptoms are closely related. This reflects the lung,kidney play an indispensable role in the treatment of depression. It has significant curative effects to apply the theory of emotion counterbalance,such as happiness restrains sadness,thought restrains fear to cure diseases. At the same time,with a relaxed and pleasant mood,actively guiding to help thinking is also the treatment of depression,pessimistic disappointment medicine.[Conclusion] According to the restriction among five elements theory,to use the relation and restriction between emotion and five zang-organs to regulate emotional disorders can restore to the normal balance,which is an effective psychological treatment for emotional disorders.The therapy should be used alone or combined with traditional Chinese medicine treatment in different situations to relive the treatment effect.

Objective To investigate the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) combined with puerarin in preventing the spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCII).Methods The model of ischemia-repeffusion injury was established by clipping the abdominal aorta of rats for 30 min.Eighty male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups: the blank group in which the abdominal aorta was only exposed,the positive drug group in which intravenous MP injection (30 mg/kg) was conducted 30 min before the establishment of the ischemia-reperfusion injury model,the therapy group in which intravenous MP (10 mg/kg)and puerarin (30 mg/kg) injection was conducted 30 min before the establishment of the model,and the model group in which the physiological saline equivalent to the volume of MP in the positive drug group were injected into the caudal vein of rats 30 min before the establishment of the model.Ten rats were taken from each group and the homogenation of the spinal cord was used to test expression level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and sodium-potassium adenosinetriphosphatase (Na-K ATPase).For another 10 rats in each group,the BBB scoring system was used to evaluate the neural function of the hind limb immediately after recovery from anesthesia,12 h and 24 h after reperfusion,and the spinal cord was obtained 24 h after reperfusion to observe the morphous of the spinal cord neurons.Results The expression levels of SOD and Na-K ATPase in the model group,positive drug group and therapy group 3 h after reperfusion were significantly lower than that in the blank group; the expression levels of SOD and Na-K ATPase in positive drug group and therapy group were significantly higher than that in the model group,and there was no significant difference between the positive drug group and the therapy group with regard to the levels of SOD and Na-K ATPase.The BBB score was better in the positive drug group and the therapy group than those in the blank group and model group.Microscope observation showed that the degree of injury between positive drug group and therapy group was equivalent,while each of them was lower than that in the model group.Conclusion MP combined with puerarin plays a great role in the prevention of the SCII.