Objective]The paper summarizes academic thought of Professor ZHAO Zhiqiang syndrome differentiation and treatment of adenomatous polyp of colon. [Method]By learning from ZHAO Zhiqiang and studying the medical record of adenomatous polyp of colon,sum up professor ZHAO Zhiqiang′ s experiences from etiology and pathogenesis, differential treatment, administered medical herbs and prescription ,and with one case for detailed explanation. [Results] Professor ZHAO thinks that the pathogeny raletes to exopathy, diet, emotion, weakness of the spleen and stomach, physique, smoke poison,influence of other diseases,the key of pathogenesis is phlegm, blood stasis and toxin stagnation, accumulation of intestine, Qi is out of adjustment, the conduction loss of us, He believes that the syndrome diagnosis of the disease is different from others, the syndrome diagnosis should include disease syndrome elements, syndrome elements of disease location and morbid state, disease syndrome elements should need the help of the modern medical endoscope and pathology, and ill treatment to detoxify the anti-cancer variable as the core, supplemented with Ruanjian Sanjie,coordinating zang and fu, modification according to symptoms.[Conclusion] Professor ZHAO's treatment of adenomatous polyp of colon has rich experience and prominent features, it is worth clinical promotion.

Objective To introduce the method and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of collagenase chemonucleolysis for treatment of cervical disc herniation.Methods 92 patients with cervical herniated discs were selected from January 2002 to December 2004.The procedure was guided by DSA and the puncture was defined from C_(6~7) or C_7-T_1 extradural cavity.Collagenase(1200~2400 u) was injcted in the herniated extradural cavity through the micrcatheter.Results The procedure of 88 cases was successful.80 cases were followed up from 6 to 12 months.The effect showed that 70 cases(87.5%) were excellent or good.No serious complication occurred.Conclusion The method of collagenase chemonucleolysis for treating cervical disc herniation is safe and effective,it can be used in clinic.

[Summary] Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been developed as a new antidiabetic agent .The antihyperglycemic effect of SGLT 2 inhibitors is independent of insulin secretion and insulin action .SGLT2 inhibitors improve IS and islet βcell function with the possible mechanisms of reducing glucotoxicity ,weight loss and increasing GLP‐1 response .

OBJECTIVE:To introduce positive response to the security and effectiveness issues on OTC cough and cold medicines for children in New Zealand in order to provide reference for drug risk-benefit evaluation and putting forward reasonable management measures in China. METHODS:The concept of OTC cough and cold medicines for children were introduced firstly. Then the evaluation and countermeasures of OTC cough and cold medicines for children in New Zealand were also introduced. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:It has significance for the evaluation of drugs for sale that are review and evaluation,study and countermea-sures and dynamic tracking for OTC cough and cold medicines for children in New Zealand and the realistic attitude of New Zealand Drug and Medical Instruments Security Bureau.

Objective To evaluate superselective external carotid artery embolization before transnasal endoscopic resection in treating nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.Methods Superselective external carotid artery embolization was performed in 20 patients with nasopharyngeal angiofibroma one to three days before transnasal endoscopic resection was carried out.The clinical data,including the volume of blood loss during the surgery,the operative time and the complications,were retrospectively analyzed.Results Superselective external carotid artery embolization was successfully preformed in all 20 patients,which was followed by the transnasal endoscopic resection within 3 days.The average volume of blood loss during the surgery was 155 ml and the total time of operation was 75 minutes.Mild complications occurred in 6 patients after embolization,which were subsided after symptomatic management.No serious complications occurred after surgical resection.The mean hospitalization days of the patients were 3.5 days.Conclusion Preoperative superselective external carotid artery embolization of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma can markedly reduce the blood loss during surgical resection,apparently shorten the operative time and effectively lower the occurrence of complication after the operation.Superselective external carotid artery embolization combined with transnasal endoscopic resection should be regarded as an ideal therapy for nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Objective To study severe or rare complications following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for liver cancer. Methods Clinical records of severe or rare complications following RFA in 272 cases of liver cancer from January 2002 to December 2004 were retrospectively studied. Results A total of 301 RFA procedures were performed in the 272 cases. The incidence of severe or rare complications was 3.32% (10/301), and the death rate was 0.66% (2/301). Complications included 1 case of intraperitoneal hemorrhage, 2 cases of infection (1 case of peritonitis with sepsis and 1 case of liver Abscess superimposed upon bilioma), 3 cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (including 1 case of hemobilia), 1 case of hepatic arteriovenous fistula, 1 case of hemo-pneumothorax, 1 case of esophagopleural fistula and 1 case of needle-tract implantation of tumor. Conclusions In order of frequency,severe complications following RFA are upper gastrointestinal bleeding,infection and intraperitoneal hemorrhage.

For example of children virus pneumonia, we put forward that clinical research should be carried out by review article analysis, experts’opinions integrated and the requests of evidence-based medicine. On the base of systemic evaluation of the sensitivity, reliability, validity and relation among them of all indicators for effect evaluation on virus pneumonia, we will establish the effect evaluation system of TCM in the treatment of virus pneumonia including disease and syndrome effect evaluation, complication and combining drug,using rate evaluation, safety evaluation and health economics evaluation.

Objective To investigate the incidence of anemia among patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy, and to explore its influence on prognosis.Methods The data of 386 patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy were collected retrospectively.The survival rates of the 1st, 3rd, 5th year were compared between the anemia group and non-anemia group.Analysis was carried on the impact factors of amenia on the prognosis and other clinical factors.Results The incidence of anemia before radiotherapy was 46.3 ％ (179/386), and the level of hemoglobin was 116 g/L (49-169 g/L).The incidence of anemia after radiotherapy was 74.2 ％ (286/386), and the level of hemoglobin was 98 g/L (45-152 g/L).The incidences of anemia between before and after radiotherapy were statistically different (x2 =61.915, P ＜ 0.001).The incidence of anemia before radiotherapy was associated with stage, Karnofsky score, BMI and the weight loss before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The median survival time of the anemia group was 42 months, while that of the non-anemia group was 52 months, and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.002, P =0.025).There were 87.7 ％ of anemia patients got no treatment.Conclusions The prevalences of anemia before and after radiotherapy are high, and anemia before radiotherapy can decrease the survival rate in esophageal carcinoma patients.Methods should be taken to improve the haemoglobin level in order to increase the survival rate.

Objectives To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of gastric submucosal tumors (GSMTs), and evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic treatment for GSMTs. Methods 61 patients with GSMTs were selected from June 2014 to September 2012 by endoscopy and ultrasonography;they were all treated by endoscopic therapy; pathological examination was took in all removed tumors, the tumors which could be the gastric stromal tumor were furtherly examined by molecular biology technique of immunohistochemistry. Result In 61 cas-es, 39 cases are female patients, accounting for 63.93%;the tumors located at the stomach fund accounted for 52.46%(32/61), at the gastric corpus for 21.31%(13/61), at the gastric antrum for 11.48 %(7/61), at cardia for 14.75%(9/61); 10 cases were treated by Endoscopic submucosal dissection, 21 by endoscopic submucosal excavation, 27 by Endoscopic full-thickness resection, 3 by Submucosal tunnelling endoscopic resection; in all 61 cases, 2 were changed to laparoscopic treatment because one tumor was too big and broke the Serous and another was located at mucus Lake of gastric fund, 1 occurred postoperative bleeding and was treated by laparoscopy successfully, 1 oc-curred postoperative perforation and was treated by endoscopy successfully; after pathological and immunohisto-chemical analysis, 34 tumors were identified as gastric stromal tumor and all of them in risk classification were at very low risk, 11 were leiomyoma, 5 were lipoma, 3 were heterotopic pancreas, 5 were calcifying fibrous pseudotu-mor, 2 were inflammatory fibroid polyps, and 1 was angiomatous proliferation; gastric stromal tumor at gastric fundus account for 73.53 % (25/34), at gastric corpus for 11.76 % (4/34), at gastric antrum for 5.88 % (2/34) and at cardia for 8.82 %(3/34). Conclusion Most GSMTs are found in female and commonly lack of specific clinical symptoms;GMSTs are commonly located at gastric fund and most of them are gastric stromal tumors, vast majority of gastric stromal tumors in the risk classification are at very low risk;the endoscopic resection is a mini-invasive, safe and ef-fective treatment for GSMTs.

Objective To evaluate the mental health of medical workers, and develop an EAP suitable for heahhcare sector. Methods A 1-year EAP was implemented in a hospital in Beijing, in which SF-36 and JSS scales were used to study the health-related quality of life and job satisfaction of these workers. Results Work pressure is found to be the main source of pressure for medical workers, accounting for 63.7%. Scores of the group receiving EAP service are found to be significantly higher (P<0.01) in all dimensions (excepting work nature and supervisor dimension) of both SF-36 and JSS. Conclusions Medical workers are exposed to high pressure of work, having strong need for EAP service as result. EAP is an effective means to maintain mental health and improve quality of life and job performance, if applied widely.