Objective To study the effect of glutamine on hypermetabolism reaction and hormone secretion after severe burn injury. Methods Eighty-eight Wistar rats were inflicted with 30% total body surface area full thickness burns and randomly divided into two groups: namely burned control (B) and glutamine treatment(GLN) group. There was isonitrogenous and isocaloric intake in both groups, and rats of GLN and B groups were given glutamine and glycine at 1 0g/kg d, respectively. The following indices including the resting energy expenditure (REE), the levels of plasma cortisol, insulin and glucagon were determined. Results After burn injury, the REE, plasma cortisol,insulin and glucagons levels were significant increased in both groups. Compared with B group, the level of REE decreased and the ratio of insulin/glucagons increased in GLN group. Correlation analyses showed that REE had a negative correlation with insulin/glucagons ratio (r=-0 78,P

Object To investigate the effects of ethanol sediments obtained from the tuber of Angelica sinensis (Oliv). Diels (ESA) and its litmusless component (ESA 1) on the secretion of TNF ? and IL 1 by mice peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Methods L929 cell line cytotoxicity was used for the assay of TNF ?. The proliferation of L929 cell line was used for the assay of IL 1. Results The secretion of TNF ? and IL 1 by mice peritoneal macrophages which were co cultured with ESA or ESA 1 in vitro can be significantly promoted. At the concentrations in range of 5～20 ?g/mL, there is a dose dependence in the action of ESA, while there is not the similar effect of ESA 1, even though it showed the marked effect. Conclusion ESA and ESA 1 can enhance the secreting TNF ? and IL 1 of mice peritoneal macrophages in vitro.

Objective: To explore the effects of different nutrition support pathway on enterogenous hypermetabolism after severe burn injury. Methods: Eighty-eight Wistar rats were inflicted with 30% total body surface area full thickness burns and randomly divided into two groups: total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and enteral nutrition(EN) group. The following indices including the resting energy expenditure (REE), the plasma LPS, TNF and IL-1 level were determined. Results: After burn injury, the REE, TNF, LPS and IL-1 were significantly increased in two groups . Comparing with TPN group , the level of REE, TNF, LPS and IL-1 were significantly decreased in EN group (P

AIM:To investigate the effects of perfluorocarbon and ligustrazine on lung injury during liver transplantation in pigs with hepatopulmonary syndrome. METHODS:A hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) model of pig was established by chronic bile duct ligation. The animals were assigned randomly to 2 groups:(1) Perfluorocarbon in combination with ligustrazine treatment groups (PFCL group):the pigs were treated with intratracheal instillation of perfluorocarbon and ligustrazine; (2) The conventional mechanical ventilation group (MV group):all animals were subjected to mechanical ventilation and orthotopic liver transplantation. After 5 h the lungs were harvested for further analysis. RESULTS:The lung wet to dry weight radio,pulmonary permeation index and leukocyte count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) in PFCL group significantly decreased compared to MV group (P<0.05). Contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the lung tissue,plasma and BALF of pigs in PFCL group were significantly lower than those in MV group (P<0.05). Moreover,the activation of NF-κB was inhibited markedly by PFCL. CONCLUSION:Perfluorocarbon in combination with ligustrazine effectively reduces the PMN accumulation in the lungs,inhibits TNF-α and IFN-γ production and protects against lung injury during liver transplantation in pigs with hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Objective To analyze clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of the patients with invasive lobular carcinoma of breast. Methods Clinical data of 125 patients with invasive lobular carcinoma of breast treated at Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University from Jan. 1990 to Dec. 2008, were analyzed. The clinical characteristics, recurrence and survival of the patients were summarized. Results Median age of 125 patients was 45 years old (range, 27 to 76 years old). The patients with large tumor mass (≥ 3cm), positive local lymph node, more than Ⅱ stage and positive hormone receptor at diagnosis were 77 cases(61.6 %), 64 cases(51.2 %), 101 cases(80.8 %) and 112 cases(89.6 %), respectively. The median time of follow-up was 58 months (range, 11-222 months). Of the 125 patients, 32 had local recurrence and metastasis, and 18 died. The 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 82.2 % and 87.3 %, respectively. Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that whether endocrine therapy or not was only a prognostic factor of patients with invasive lobular carcinoma of breast. Conclusion There is no difference in media age of patients with invasive lobular carcinoma of breast at diagnosis from other pathologic type of breast cancer. These patients are usually with larger tumor masses, more lymph node metastasis and a higher proportion of positive hormone receptor. The prognosis of patients is not affected by clinicopathologic parameters.

Objective To investigate the effect of glutamine on energy intake and prognosis of severe burn patients in differ-ent pathway.Methods Using retrospective study method,we brought the patients into our study from October 2010 to April 2014 in accordance with the inclusion criteria.Patients who were given the Gln before 5 days after injury through gastric bowel were brought into the EN group,others who were given the Gln after 5 days after the injury through vein were brought into PN groups. A total of 66 patients were included in this study,with 31 cases of EN group and 35 cases of PN group.Total energy intake,external and internal energy intake,nutrients heating,energy intake/energy consumption ratio,blood glucose control,insulin use and viscera damage(the blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin,creatine kinase,lac-tate dehydrogenase),ICU days,hospital stays and mortality were observed in 1,2,3,4 weeks after injury.Results Within a month after the injury,the energy intake of patients in EN group were more than PN group,especially the energy from intestinal canal.Be-sides,the ICU days of patients in EN group were shorter than patients in PN group (all P <0.05).Other indicators of two groups of patients were no significant statistical difference(P >0.05).Conclusion Supplement of Gln may be more conducive to improve the intestinal function in patients with burns may be more conducive to improve the intestinal function in patients with burns,im-prove the degree of tolerance of enteral nutrition,increase energy intake and conducive to improving the prognosis of patients.

0.05).However,metabolic acidosis and hyperchloremia were observed with feeding arginine hydrochloride for 7 days in severe burned rabbits,and no such significant changes were found in arginine acetate group.CONCLUSION:Arginine acetate is safer than arginine hydrochloride in severe burned rabbits.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical experiment of cortical screw in the treatment of tibiofibular syndesmosis separation together with ankle fractures.

METHODSFrom March 2008 to May 2012,42 patients with tibiofibular syndesmosis separation were treated with cortical screw, including 20 cases in the left and 24 cases in the right. All the patients had closed injury. According to Lauge-Hansen classification, there were 18 cases of supination-external rotation, in which 4 patients with injuries belong to type II, 8 patients with injuries belong to type III, 6 patients with injuries belong to type IV; 14 cases of pronation-external rotation, in which 6 patients with injuries belong to type III, 8 patients with injuries belong to type IV; and 12 cases of pronation-abduction, in which 4 patients with injuries belong to type II, 8 patients with injuries belong to type III. According to injury of ankle, 4 patients had injuries in one ankle, 28 patients had injuries in 2 ankles, and 12 patients had injuries in 3 ankles. All the patients were diagnosised definitely in sight of medical history, checking-up, iconography. The clinical effects were evaluated based on Baird-Jackson score and activity degree of ankle.

RESULTSAll the patient were followed up, and the duration ranged from 11 to 23 months, with an average of 15.7 months. No postoperative wound infection, nonunion, and tibiofibular syndesmosis separation again and other complications occurred. Postoperative Baird-Jackson score exhibited 91.56 ± 6.26 (75 to 99), and 26 patients got an excellent result, 10 good, 6 poor and 2 bad. One patient had nail broken after operation,and got good function after removing broken nail without external fixation. Other 1 patient had osteoarthritis to 1 degree, and got better result with the treatment of physical therapy and intra-articular injection.

CONCLUSIONCortex screw is the effective treatment for tibiofibular syndesmosis separation. Clear diagnosis, delicate operation and postoperative reasonable functional exercise are primary factor of prognosis.

Adult ; Ankle Fractures ; surgery ; Ankle Joint ; surgery ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore whether lymphovascular invasion can be used as a prognostic indicator in patients with bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy.Methods The series included clinical data of 459 patients who had underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 2006 and December 2012 in our hospital.Among all the patients,391 were male while 68 were female.Pathological grade G1 was diagnosed in 47,G2 in 104 and G3 in 308.Amount of pathological stage T1 or Tis or Ta or T0 was 167,T2 127,T3 89 and T4 76.Of all the patients,92 had lymph node metastasis.Follow-up time was between 13 and 99 months.The presence or absence of lymphovascular invasion was determined by HE staining in the radical cystectomy specimen.The x2 test was used to detect the association between lymphovascular invasion and several clinicopathological features,the Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare recurrence-free survival according to findings of lymphovascular invasion in the surgical specimen,and the multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to assess the prognostic significance of some factors.Results Lymphovascular invasion was detected in 128 (28％) specimens.Among them,44 (34％) had tumor recurrence.Lymphovascular invasion was significantly associated with gender,tumor grade,pathological stage,lymph node metastasis and disease recurrence.Recurrence-free survival in patients without lymphovascular invasion was significantly higher than that in those with lymphovascular invasion (P＜ 0.05).Cox proportional hazards model showed that age,pathological stage and lymph node metastasis were independent predictors for disease recurrence.Conclusion In patients with bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy,lymphovascular invasion may have a significant association with some prognostic parameters,but it can not be used as an independent predictor of disease recurrence.

Gene chip is a research tool on molecular biology which can detect generous gene expression rapidly.The studies on gene chip of leiomyoma have revealed the changes of gene expression related to cell growth,proliferation,apoptosis,metabolism,angiogenesis,formation of extracellular matrix,cell differentiation and immunity.The article reviews the advance on gene chip of leiomyoma and approaches the pathogenesis of leiomyoma on molecular level.