Asialoglycoprotein receptor(ASGPR),also called galactose receptor,is predominantly expressed on the sinusoidal surface of mammalian hepatocytes and is involved in many physiological functions.For many years ASGPR has been applied for targeting hepatocytes in drug and gene delivery and for functional mapping of the liver,and considerable progress has been made.ASGPR-mediated liver-targeted drug delivery mainly involved anti-tumor drugs and cholesterol-lowering drugs,etc.Liver-targeted gene delivery was often seen in antisense drugs.The research of hepatic imaging mainly involved the evaluation of liver function and identification between hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic metastasis of tumors.In addition,researchers have also extended its applications to some new fields,such as three-dimension culture of hepatocytes,hepatocytes screening,and hepatocytes transplantation.New achievements in studies of ASGPR-mediated liver targeting are reviewed in this article.

Disseminated malignancy is the main cause of cancer-related death.The spontaneous circulation of tumor cells is responsible for distant metastasis;therefore it is of potential importance to specifically and sensitively detect the circulating tumor cells,which not only allows for more accurate prediction of cancer prognosis,but also helps to tailor individualized anticancer treatment.This paper reviews the enrichment,detection and analyzing methods of circulating tumor cells.

Aged ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Echocardiography ; methods ; Heart Failure ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Humans ; Male

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of perioperative aspirin use in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures(OVF)undergoing vertebroplasty(VP).Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study.Clinical data of 136 OVF patients treated with VP in our department from Jan.2016 to Dec.2020 were analyzed.Differences in clinical data, treatment efficacy, intraoperative and postoperative complications and hematomas were compared between the aspirin group(n=71, receiving aspirin100 mg/d before VP and not taking other anticoagulant drugs)and the control group(n=65, not taking aspirin).Results:There was no significant difference in the analgesic score or physical activity scale score between the two groups before, 1 week after surgery and at the last follow-up( P>0.05). There were significant differences in the visual analog score(VAS), the analgesic score and the physical activity scale score before, 1 week after surgery and at the last follow-up within the aspirin group(7.12±1.33, 2.37±1.01 vs.2.63±1.04, 3.01±0.95, 1.56±0.65 vs.1.61±0.57, 2.75±0.53, 1.32±0.63 vs.1.44±0.52, P<0.01). No surgical site infection, injury of large vessels, intraspinal hematoma or pulmonary embolism was found in the aspirin group or the control group during the follow-up period.There was no difference in intraoperative or postoperative blood loss(12±3.5 ml vs.11.0±3.6ml, t=1.60), cement injection volume for a single vertebral body(4.5±1.9 ml vs.4.0±1.7 ml, t=1.40), cement spillage(14 cases or 19.7% vs.9 cases or 17.0%, χ2=0.15), nerve root irritation(3 cases or 4.2% vs.1 case 1.9%, χ2=0.43), re-fractures(5 cases 7.0 vs.3 cases 5.7%, χ2=0.10)or spinal epidural hematoma(8 cases or 11.3% vs.5 cases or 9.4%, χ2=0.11)between the aspirin group and the control group(all P>0.05). Conclusions:In OVF patients taking perioperative aspirin, the postoperative pain score, pain medication administration and mobility are significantly improved after VP, compared with pre-treatment.Surgical efficacy and safety show no significant difference between patients with and without aspirin administration.

Objective To explore the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on balance function of stroke patients in community. Methods 204 stroke patients in community were divided into control group (n=98) and observation group (n=106). The control group accepted routine rehabilitation and the observation group received PNF additionally. Fugl-Meyer Assessment of lower extremities (FMA), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and static balance locator were used to evaluate the motor and balance function before and 3 months after treatment. Results The scores of FMA and BBS were higher after treatment than before (P<0.05) in both groups, and were higher in observation group than in control group (P<0.05). The length of path (L), covered area (A) and L/A were less in observation than in control group (P<0.05) both in the eye-open and eye-closed modes. Conclusion PNF can improve the lower extremities motor and balance function of stroke patients in community.

Hepatic encephalopathy is a common metabolic neuropsychiatric syndrome in the development of end-stage liver disease. Since the concept of intestinal-liver-brain axis was proposed, the relationship between the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and the gut microbiota has been a hot research topic. In recent years, studies have confirmed that gut microbiota is involved in and affects various pathological processes of hepatic encephalopathy. This article combines the latest research progress at home and abroad to elaborate on the research status of regulating gut microbiota and thus interfering with the pathological process of hepatic encephalopathy, hoping to provide new ideas and methods for the intervention of hepatic encephalopathy based on the regulation of gut microbiota.

BACKGROUND: Considerable debate exists which factors influence the outcomes of the vitrified frozen-thawed embryo transfer because lack of clinical applications.OBJECTIVE: To explore the factors influencing the outcomes of the vitrified frozen-thawed embryo transfer in assisted reproductive technology.METHODS: A retrospective statistical analysis was performed in Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University of 142 patients, 154 thawing cycles. The patients were grouped according to the age of patients, embryonic development, fertilization methods, endometrial preparation programs, the endometrial thickness, the process of transplantation and the survival cell ratio of embryo recovery, the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were compared between various groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the groups of the different age, fertilization methods, endometrial preparation programs, endometrial thickness and the process of embryo transfer embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were no significant difference (P > 0.05); between the two groups of the second day fertilized embryos (D2) and the third day (D3)fertilized embryos, the clinical pregnancy rate was not significant (P> 0.05), but the embryo implantation rate of D3 group was significantly higher than D2 group. The survival cell ratio of embryo recovery has a significant effect on implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate (P < 0.05). Ln the frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles, embryo quality plays a major role in pregnancy rate, and preparation for appropriate endometrial thickness can improve the clinical pregnancy rate.

Adult ; Brucellosis ; epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to observed the influence of deposition time on chromatics during nitrogen-doped diamond like carbon coating (N-DLC) on pure titanium by multi impulse are plasma plating machine.

METHODSApplying multi impulse are plasma plating machine to produce TiN coatings on pure titanium in nitrogen atmosphere, then filming with nitrogen-doped DLC on TiN in methane (10-80 min in every 5 min). The colors of N-DLC were evaluated in the CIE1976 L*a*b* uniform color scale and Mussell notation. The surface morphology of every specimen was analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

RESULTSWhen changing the time of N-DLC coating deposition, N-DLC surface showed different color. Golden yellow was presented when deposition time was 30 min. SEM showed that crystallization was found in N-DLC coatings, the structure changed from stable to clutter by varying the deposition time.

CONCLUSIONThe chromatics of N-DLC coatings on pure titanium could get golden yellow when deposition time was 30 min, then the crystallized structure was stable.

Plants in Ainsliaea genus, belongs to Compositae family, are traditional Chinese medicine and widely used in folk. These plants contain various types of chemical components, and main components are sesquiterpene lactone and its glycosides. In addition, there are triterpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic acid, long chain fatty acid and volatile oils. Recently, much attention has been payed to varlous research of A. fragrans. This paper reviewed and summarized the chemical components to provide the theoretical basis for the use of Ainsliaea.
Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure