Objective: To analyze the role of frequency complemcntarities of vestibular tests including caloric test (CT),head shaking test(HST),and vibration test(VT) in the evaluation of vestibular function. Methods: Five hundreds and eightyfour patients with unilateral peripheral lesions were tested with CT, HST and VT in order to compare the frequency characteristic of abnormal vestibular function. Results: Of the 584 patients, 189 (32.36%), 283 (48.46%) and 368 (63.01%)cases showed vibration-induced nystagmus (VIN), head shaking nystagnms (HSN) and abnormal unilateral weakness (UW)respectively. There were 22 isolated VIN, 52 HSN and 145 cases of abnormal UW respectively. One hundred and fifty-nine (27.23%) cases had combination damage of two frequency bands, 101 (17.29%) had vestibular damage at all frequency bands,479 (82.02%) had abnormal results in any of the three tests, and 105 (17.98%) had no abnormality in all those three tests.Through consistency test, CT and HST (Kappa=0.106, P＜ 0.05), CT and VT(Kappa=0.068, P＜ 0.05), VT and HST (Kappa=0.321, P＜0.05) showed low consistency among them. VIN and HSN were more hkely to be evoked with the increasing of the UW (X'2VIN=22.686,X2HSN=23.023, P＜ 0.05). Conclusion: The vestibular damage in the patients with vertigo could reflect at isolated low, middle, high frequency or multi frequency bands. Thus, CT, HST and VT all make significant contributions to multiple-frequency analysis of vestibular function and show a well complementarities. So they can be used in evaluating the overall function of the vestibular and indicating a serious vestibular lesion if the damage affected multi frequency bands.

To investigate the effects of Tianqi Pingchan (TQPC) Granule, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine with antitremor activity, on levodopa-induced dyskinesia and the expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) in rats with Parkinson disease (PD).

AIM: To observe clinical efficacy of the intravitreal injection of conbercept treatment for exudative age -related macular degeneration.
METHODS:Prospective study. Totally 112 senile patients (112 eyes) with exudative macular degeneration were randomly divided into study group and the control group, 56 cases in each group. The study group were treated with intravitreal injection of conbercept. The control group received conservative treatment. Uncorrected visual acuity and foveal retinal thickness were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.
RESULTS: Visual acuity of study group improved significantly, and the most obvious improvement was observed at 6mo after treatment. Foveal retinal thickness of study group was reduced after treatment, and the most obvious decrease was observed at 6mo after treatment.CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of conbercept can improve visual acuity reduced foveal thickness in senile patients with exudative age - related macular degeneration.

The effect of oxymatrine on high-fructose-feeding induced insulin resistance and liver steatosis in rats was observed and the underlying mechanism in improving the hepatic lipid metabolism was explored.The results demonstrated that high fructose feeding decreased the glucose tolerance and increased hepatic lipid accumulation in rats,while oxymatrine could improve glucose tolerance and alleviate hepatic steatosis in rats.High fructose feeding stimulated the protein expressions of key lipid-synthesis enzymes,which were decreased by oxymatrine intervention.Both high fructose feeding and oxymatrine intervention had no significant effect on protein expressions of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzymes.

Objective To observe the effects of high-fat diet on liver steatosis and liver endoplasm reticulum stress in mice and to investigate the interventional effect of metfomin on them.Methods Forth-five male C57BL/J6 mice were divided into healthy control group,high-fat group and metformin group.High fat group and metformin group were fed with high-fat diet.Mice in metformin group were given metformin since the fourth week of high-fat feeding.After feeding for eight weeks,subperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed in mice.After mice were sacrificed,liver triglyceride (TG) content and the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress related factors at gene and protein levels were measured.One-way ANOVA was applied for analysis between groups.Results Compared with healthy control group,area under curve (AUC) of glucose tolerance and TG contents in liver tissues significantly increased in high-fat group [998±87 vs 1409±106,(10.05±0.29) μmol/g vs (27.11 ±4.76) μmol/g].Glucose tolerance and liver steatosis were improved in metformin group,AUC and TG of metformin group were significantly lower than those of high-fat group in metformin group [1178±90,(15.12±2.11) μmol/g,F=55.328,89.212,both P ＜0.01].Compared with healthy control group,the expression of glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94)at mRNA level significantly increased in high-fat group.Meanwhile,the expression of phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α at protein level,which indicated endoplasmic reticulum stress,significantly increased.However,the expression of those endoplasmic reticulum stress markers at mRNA and protein level of metformin group were both lower than those of high fat group (F=84.002,137.321,both P＜0.05).Conclusions High fat diet caused liver steatosis in mice and accompanied by endoplasmic reticulum stress.Fatty liver was significantly improved by metformin treatment in high-fat-fed mice.The mechanism may be related with the improvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress by metformin.

Objective To explore the impact of high-fat diet on bone marrow-originated endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs),oxidative stress and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) expression in rats.Methods 23 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC goup,n=13) and high-fat fed group (HF group,n=10).Rats in NC group were fed with a standard lab diet,and rats in HF group were fed with a high-fat diet (502 kcal/100 g).Lee's index,body weight were measured to evaluate whether the obese rat model was established at 16 weeks after feeding.Blood samples were collected via carotid arterial cannula.Serum insulin,lipids and oxidative stress index were measured.Perirenal and epididymis adipose tissues were obtained and weighed.EPCs were detached,cultivated and evaluated by multi-wave laser confocal microscopy.Protein and gene expressions of GPx-1 were determined by Western blot and reverse transcription real time polymerase chain reaction(RT real-time PCR).Results After 16 weeks of high-fat diet,the body weight,Lee's index and visceral adipose tissue were increased in HF group as compared with NC group [(465.11 ±27.69) gvs.(404.38±17.01) g,(312.08±9.82) vs.(297.74±8.75),(20.07±1.94) g vs.(5.31±1.11) g,all P＜0.001].The levels of fasting blood glucose,cholesterol,triglyceride were increased in HE group as compared with NC group[(5.85±0.77) mmol/L vs.(4.285±0.74)mmol/L,(1.35±0.21) mmol/L vs.(0.95±0.14) mmol/L,(1.02±0.21) mmol/L vs.(0.65±0.19)mmol/L,all P＜0.01].The levels of fasting insulin(FIns)and HOMA-IR were higher in HF group than in NCgroup [(3.46±0.77) mmol/L vs.(2.04±0.51) mmol/L,(0.90±0.24) vs.(0.40±0.19),both P＜0.001].Levels of serum glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px)and erythrocuprein SOD,and total anti-oxidative capacity were decreased in HF group as compared with NC group [(759.13 ±60.71) mU/L vs.(826.26±65.83) mU/L,(72.76±5.41)mU/L vs.(80.44±7.91) mU/L,(5.18±0.35) mU/L vs.(6.01±0.93) mU/L,all P＜0.05].Malonaldehyde (MDA) level was increased,EPCs count and protein and mRNA expressions of GPx-1 were decreased in HF group as compared withNC group [(6.09±0.96) mol/L vs.(5.14±0.89) μmol/L,(62.55 ± 4.85) vs.(71.19±5.95),(0.50±0.13) vs.(1.29±0.42),(0.50±0.13) vs.(1.29±0.42),all P＜0.05 or 0.01].Multiple linear regression analysis showed that MDA was an influential factor for EPCs,Lee's index was an influential factor for GSH-Px,total cholesterol (TC) was an influential factor for TAO-C and SOD,and FINs was an influential factor for MDA.Conclusions High-fat diet can induce obesity and insulin resistance,increase the visceral adiposity,decrease the quantity of EPCs and protein and mRNA expressions of GPx-1 in rats.Oxidative stress is one of influential factors for the decrease of EPCs quantity in high fat diet induced obese rats.

Background and purpose:Struma ovarii is a rare tumor, especially with extraovarian spreading. The study aimed to investigate the clinical and pathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ovarian goiter. Methods:Clinical and pathological features of 14 cases of benign and malignant ovarian goiter were observed. Immunohistochemical EnVision staining, PCR-DNA sequencing and review of related literature were also used. Results:In 14 cases of benign and malignant ovarian goiter, the average age of onset is 45.6 years (18-71 years old), and pelvic tumor is the main clinical manifestation. According to the related literature of diagnostic criteria, 12 cases are struma ovarii, which is consisted of hyperplasia of the thyroid tissue under microscopic examination, 1 case is malignant struma ovarii, which is papillary thyroid carcinoma by microscopic presentation, and 1 case is highly differentiated follicular carcinoma of ovarian origin (HDFCO), which is histological benign by microscopic presentation, but is malignant by biological behavior. Conclusion:Struma ovarii is a rare ovarian mondemal teratoma, with low rate of malignant change and beyond ovarian lesions disseminated microscopic histological benign struma ovarii is lower incidence, which has unique clinical and pathological features. Comprehensively considering the related literatures, this study indicates that the disease is in accordance with HDFCO. Struma ovarii prognosis is good, and should be differentiated from carcinoid and granular cell tumor.

Objective To study the effects of APBV (airway pressure release ventilation) / BIPAP(bipha-sic positive airway pressure) on lung recmitment/open maneuvers in piglets with acute lung injury. Method The model of acute lung injury (ALI) was induced by E. coll. intraperitoneal injection in piglets. Based APRV/BI-PAP model, the different pressure combinations (Phigh/Plow) of RMs increased gradually, such as RMI(30/15),RM2(35/20), RM3(40/25), RM4(45/30),RM5(50/35), RM6(55/40), RM7(60/45) cmH2O. The effects of stepwise RMs were studied by computed tomography (CT) at iaspiratory phase. Meantime the oxygen index (PaO2/FiO2), hemodynamic parameter and mean pressure of airway (Pmean) were continuously observed. The piglets were killed when RiMs finished and pulmonary pathological examination were done routinely by optical microscope. Data was analyzed by self-contrast method, using SPSS 11.5 software package. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (x±s). Multiple comparisons were made with One-way ANOVA. Pearson correlative analysis was used to describe the relativity of PaO2/FiO2 and the collapsed alveolar area. Changes were considered as statistically significant if P value was less than 0.05. Results Eight piglets with ALl model were successfully made and all of them showed different degree of alveolar collapse under chest CT scan. During RMs their PaO2/FiO2 increased obviously (P<0.05) were decreased obviously (P<0.05) too, specially after RM2 finished (P<0. 05). But the alveolar over-inflatian could be found in some non-diseased area. The heart rate (HR) increased and mean artery blood pressure (MAP) decreased significantly while the pressure combinations (Phigh/Plow) of RMs were added gradual]y ( P<0.05). Meantime the Pmean and Ppeak inspiratory pressure (PIP) of airway and central venous pressure (CVP) were increased significantly ( P<0.05). But when RMs were finished,all of these indexes were hack to the levels of pre-RMs. Even there were no barowaumas happened, such as pneumothorax and pneumomedistinum, the alveolar overdistention and interruption of the alveolar separation still could be seen by pathologic examination. Conclusions RMs could be done well by APRV/BIPAP. Phigh/Plow (35/20cmH2O) would be the best pressure combination with more efficacy of RMs and less influence on hemodynamics,airway pressure indexes and others. When the effect of RMs was satisfied enough, setting Phigh/Plow to 30/15cmH2O for 20 mitt may maintain the good efficacy of RMs.

Objective To compare the heart function and observe the clinical prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) in children treated with combination of prednisone and azathioprine and high dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG).Methods From Jan.1998 to May 2004,20 children who met the diagnostic criteria of DCM were divided into 2 therapeutic groups(groupⅠ,groupⅡ) according to the time of hospitalization.On the basis of traditional congestive heart failure(CHF) therapy,the children in groupⅠwere treated with immunosuppressive therapy(prednisone plus azathioprine) and the children in groupⅡ were treated with high dose IVIG.The course of treatment was 6 months for all children.Heart functions in all children were evaluated and echocardiographic parameters including left auricular diameter(LA),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and cardiac index(CI) were measured before and after therapy,respectively.All children were followed up for 1 year to observe survival rate(%).The findings were analyzed by t test and ?~2 test.Results The percentage of heart function increased from Ⅲ-Ⅳ toⅠ-Ⅱin groupⅠ,which was lower than that in groupⅡ(P

Objective To investigate the possibility of using well-differentiated human airway epithelial cells (HAE) to isolate and identify human influenza A virus from a stale respiratory tract specimen.Methods The stale specimen used in this study was a nasopharyngeal swab specimen collected from a patient with unexplained pneumonia in Qinghai in 2010.It was positive for influenza A virus (H3N2) RNA, but negative for hemagglutination.Equal amount of the specimen was inoculated on HAE and on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells for virus isolation and passage.Cytopathic effects were observed daily after inoculation.Hemagglutination inhibition test was performed at every passage.Electron microscope was used to observe viral morphology.Viral genome was sequenced, followed by molecular evolutionary analysis.Results No progeny virus was isolated in MDCK cells, while a influenza A virus subtype H3N2 strain [A/Qinghai/178/2010(H3N2)] was isolated in HAE with a typical morphology and cytopathic effect of influenza A infection.The hemagglutination inhibition activity was 1∶16.Results of the molecular evolutionary analysis of viral genome showed that the influenza A virus (H3N2) strain was highly homologous to the A/Nanjing/1655/2010(H3N2) strain, which was isolated during the 2010 influenza pandemic in Nanjing.Conclusion HAE can be used for isolation and identification of virus from stale respiratory tract specimens.It is more sensitive than MDCK cells with regard to human influenza virus isolation.