Hepatic fibrosis is a wound-healing response to liver injury, which has complex celluar and molecular mechanisms. Animal models that similar to human hepatic fibrosis are important to explore further pathological mechanisms and more effective drug therapy for hepatic fibrosis. This article reviews recent progress in animal models and antifibrotic therapy related to hepatic fibrosis.

Indices of angiogenesis are increased in synovia from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and vascu-lar proliferation may contribute to the pathogenesis of synovitis, pan nus growth, bone and cartilage destruction, and osteophyte formation. Many proan giogenic factors are expressed in the synovium in RA. They have been shown to ha ve important effects in the angiogenic process in RA. So the blockade of angioge nesis appears to be a promising avenue for the future treatment of RA.

Age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) is one of the important eye diseases of the WHO present three big blindness, is one of the main blinding eye disease in people over the age of 50, people over the age of 65, about 2% of the disease caused by monocular blindness, as the population ages, AMD prevalence is increasing in our country. AMD with respect to its clinical manifestations can be divided into dry AMD and wet AMD, wet AMD is the most harmful for the vision of patients, at present there are many treatments for AMD ( mainly for wet age-related macular degeneration ) , mainly including laser treatment, drug therapy, surgical treatment, gene therapy, etc. The treatments of AMD would be illuminated in this article.

Objective To investigate the reasons of the unusual widening of Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) and its clinical significance. Methods Clinic and MRI data of 1 case of VRS were analyzed retrospectively and related literatures were reviewed. Results VRS usually existed in the healthy adults and widening with age. In this case, VRS was a benign anatomic variant without special clinical significance. But in children, unusual widening of VRS suggested clinical significance. Conclusions Widening of VRS has no clear relation to clinical symptoms for adults. However, it is helpful in differentiation of diseases.

Objective: To establish the model of cultured human amniotic epithelial cells(HAECs) on the fibrin clot in order to observe the effect of EGF,bFGF and TGF-?1 on HAEC.Methods:The cultivated HAECs on the formulated fibrin clot were examined by phase contrast microscopy,Giemsa staining and scanning electron microscopy.The effect of growth factor(EGF,bFGF,and TGF-?1) on the apoptosis of HAECs was measured by TUNEL.Results: HAECs generated on the formulated fibrin clot in vitro.HAECs exposed to EGF or bFGF showed a lower rate of apoptosis than the control group(P

Objective:To study the effects of whole body vibration(WBV)on resistance fracture after postmenopausal obesity women.Methods:A 12-weeks prospective and randominzed trial of 100 postmenopausal women with body mass index(BMI)≥23.The subjects were exposed to three 10-minutes treaments/week,low-magnitude(2.0m/s)and 30Hz vertical accelerations. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)was used to measure bone mineral density(BMD)at the L_2～L_4 and the neck of left femur at baseline after 12weeks.Mobility Evaluation System was measured the mass and force of music in lower limbs and the force of resistance fracture in femoralneck after 12weeks intervention.Results:Ninty-six women completed the 12-weeks trial. BMD of treatment subjects increased 62.96% with a gain 0.65% in the L_2～L_4,whereas,contral group was increase 26.83% with a loss 0.89%.In the femoralneck,the 72.22% increase observed in the vibration group,contral group was increase 19.51%,the benefit were 1.62% and-1.38% in two groups.The left musle force exhibited a increase 83.33%with benefit of 12.14% in treament group and little increase 29.27% with loss of-8.15% in non-vibration group.The resistance fracture of force of femoralneck was significantly increase in the mechanical group,the increase and gain rate were 83.33%,2.65%,19.51% and -1.52%.Conclusion:WBV of low-level and high-frequency may be effecies for inhibiting the decline in BMD after postmenopausal obesity women,in addition,the musle force in lower limbs and the force of resistance fracture were significantly increase.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Chinese herbs in resisting chronic immobilization stress.Methods: The rat models of chronic immobilization stress were copied by merely constraint.Total RNA in hippocampus was extracted and primers of enkaphalin or prodynorphin were respectively added for RT-PCR reaction.Then the expressions of enkaphalin and prodynorphin in hippocampus were compared. Results: Enkaphalin mRNA and prodynorphin mRNA expressions in hippocampus markedly increased in chronic immobilization stress and the longer the more evident.Xiaoyao powder as well as decoction of four mild drugs were able to decrease the gene expression of enkaphalin mRNA,and all the three recipes were able to decrease the gene expression of prodynorphin mRNA,and the effect of Xiaoyao powder was obviously outweigh to Jinkuishenqi pill.Conclusion: enkaphalin and prodynorphin both participated in the regulation of hippocampus on stress;the regulation of endogenous opium system was one of the most important ways of the three recipes in accommodating stress.

Objective To establish a method for determining glutamate concentration in microamount cerebrospinal fluid after acute cerebral insult.Methods The concentration of glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid was measured in mice after acute cerebral insult by precolumn derivatization with O-phthaldehyde.Results The average recovery of glutamate was 84.26% to 125.6%(n=3),the relative standard deviation(RSD) in one day and three days was respectively less than 4.94%(n=3),0.78%(n=3).The concentration of glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid of mice 6 h after acute cerebral insult was significantly higher than that of sham operation mice(P

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a serine/threonine kinase that is widely expressed in eukaryotic cells and a key regulator of the cell mitosis.During different stages of mitosis,the locations of Plk1 in cells are different,and can interaction with different substrates,thus it has many biological functions.This article focuses on the functions of Plk1 in different mitotic stages.

AIM: To study the correlation between DNA index(DI),5cER,MRI appearance and the malignant grades of brain astrocytic tumors.METHODS: After Feulgen staining,40 paraffin samples of astrocytic tumors were observed about DI and 5cER by image analysis,MRI appearances were reviewed,including edema around tumor,clearity of boundary,equality of MRI singal,enhancement of tumor,shift of medline,necroses and cyst,then compared them with pathological grade and survival rate.RESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between DI,5cER,MRI appearance and pathological grade,negative correlation between DI,5cER,MRI appearance and survival rate.CONCLUSION: DI,5cER and MRI appearance are very important in judging pathological grade and patient's prognosis.When 5cER mean of astrocytic tumor exceeds 20,the tumor should be judged as glioblastoma.