Purpose : Cold sensation of the limbs is a common complaint for which patients seek treatment with Kampo medicine. However, some patients complain of coldness of the limbs despite maintaining normal skin temperature. We studied this condition and its association with ki (energy), ketsu (blood), and sui (body fluids) by measuring surface body temperatures.Methods : Using an infrared thermometer, we measured the surface body temperature of 98 female patients during their first examinations at our clinic. We classified the patients according to the season of their examination and the presence of the abnormalities of ki, ketsu, and sui ; subsequently, we statistically analyzed these findings.Results : No statistical difference was observed in the surface body temperature of the patients with complaints of coldness (Pw/C), and those without such complaints (Pw/oC). However, under particular conditions, the surface body temperature of Pw/C was observed to be higher than that of Pw/oC. In the presence of “ki deficiency” and “sui accumulation,” the surface body temperatures were lower than in the absence of the ki and sui abnormalities, respectively. In contrast, the surface body temperature was higher in patients with the “oketsu (blood stasis) syndrome” than in those without the “oketsu syndrome”.Discussion : Although the dissociation between the subjective cold sensation and actual skin temperature is present only in limited conditions, the presence of this dissociation indicates that factors other than the surface body temperature such as the abnormalities of ki, ketsu, and sui may also determine cold sensation.Conclusion : It is important to treat Pw/C by taking into account their state of coldness and the abnormalities of ki, ketsu, and sui. Measuring surface body temperature using an infrared thermometer appears to be an effective method for analyzing cold sensation of the limbs.
Body Temperature ; seconds ; teratologic ; g <3> ; Measurin

PURPOSE: To determine the clinical and radiological features of the patients who were found to have cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) on the cranial computerized tomographic (CT) scans. METHODS: Fifty four consecutive cases of cavum septum pellucidum were detected amongst 1,281 patients who underwent cranial CT scans; their clinical and radiological features were studied. RESULTS: Recurrent seizures and developmental delay were the commonest presenting symptoms seen. Significant neurological deficits were present in 75.9% of these cases. Additional cerebral abnormalities were observed in the CT scan in 76% of cases, the commonest being cortical atrophy, cerebral infarction and hydrocephalus. CONCLUSIONS: There seems to be a strong association between CSP and certain neurological abnormalities in the population studied. Further interpretation of this study would be possible if normal population in this geographical area is screened for CSP using cranial CT scans or magnetic resonance imaging.
Clinical ; X-Ray Computed Tomography ; teratologic ; phosphocellulose ; seconds