Objective To explore the mechanism of tripterygium wilfordii hook f(TWHF)for Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN,nephrotic type)in children.Methods All the children with HSPN(nephrotic type)were divided into 3 groups casually.Method of radioactive pairs conjugating analysis was used to determine the numbers of glucocorticoid(GC)receptors(GCRs).Results were statistically analysed respectively.Results GCRs tested in all the patients with HSPN(nephrotic type)before treatment were statistically lower than those in control group of normal children;GCRs in all the patients tested after 1 week treatment with GC were lower than before treatment.Three weeks later,GCRs in patients treated with TWHF increased much higher than them without TWHF.Following up the recurring times of all the patients 3 months to 5 years,they were much more in patients treated without TWHF treatment than in patients treated with it.Conclusions TWHF treatment on HSPN(nephrotic type)is obviously effective.It can not only decrease the dosage of GC,but decrease the recurring times.One of the mechanism may be TWHF can resist the down-regulation GC to GCR,and enhance the effect of GC.

Objective To study the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) on myocardial fibroblasts(MFs) proliferation,the expression and transposition of protein kinase C epsilon(PKC?) and alpha(PKC?),and to find out the mechanism of AngⅡpromoting proliferation and signal trarsduction.Methods The primary culture neonate rat's MFs was used depending on the different time of cell adherence,by the method of immunohistochemical method identifying MFs,2-4 generations MFs were divided into experimental group and control group,experimental group was added with AngⅡ 10-6 mol/L,and nothing was added to control group.Colorimetric method of metrazolium salt(MTT) was used to detect the MFs proliferation; indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect the distribution and location of PKC? and PKC?,then Image-Pro-Plus 4.0 was used to add up fluorescence intensity.Results 1.The number of MFs in experimental group increased much more than that in control group and there was obviously statistical significance(P

Objective To summarize our experience in prevention and treatment of stricture after esopageal burns in the past thirty years.Methods There were 168 cases in this series.Of them,158 cases underwent surgical management in this study.Modified intraluminal stenting was used in 34 cases, colon interposition without resection of strictured esophagus in 77 cases,gastric transposion with resection of the stricture in 27,repair of cervical stricture with platysma myocutaneous flap in 22,and miscellane- ous operation in 12.Eleven cases experienced operation twice or more at our department.Results Twenty-nine cases recovered after treatment with intraluminal stenting,and 5 re-experienced stricture after stent removal.One of the 5 cases with failed stent responded to bougienage,and the remaining 4 cases re- quired esophageal reconstruction later.Of the 77 colon interpositions,5 cases died postoperatively,and complications of cervical anastomotic fistula occurred in 14 cases,anastomotic stenosis in 4,and abdomi- nal incision dehiscence in 2 cases.In the 27 cases with gastric transpositions,postoperative complications of anastomotic stricture occurred in 2 cases and empyema in 1 patient.There was a cervical leak in 3 ca- ses of the 22 cases treated with the repair of cervical esopageal or anastomotic stricture with a platysma myocutaneous flap.In the 12 cases treated with miscellaneous operation,one died of intestinal obstruc- tion.All the survivors had regular diet after discharge.Conclusions Intraluminal stenting can prevent the formation of caustic esophageal stricture.The location of the cicatricial esophagus dictates whether to perform concomitant esophagectomy during esophageal reconstruction.Platysma myocutaneous flap repair is an excellent method for the treatment of severe cervical esophageal or anastomotic stricture.

OBJECTIVETo study the tolerance of rats induced by 28 day pretreatment with low dosage of dimthoate and the toxic effects challenged by higher dosage of dimethoate, and to investigate the change of M receptor and the mechanism of tolerance formation.

METHODSSD rats were given 25 mg/kg dimethoate daily(sc) while control group was given saline daily instead for 28 days. The activity of whole blood acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was examined. On the 29th day three groups of administrated rats were challenged by saline solution, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg dimethoate, respectively. The density and mRNA level of brain M(1), M(2) receptor were determined. Lymphocytes of peripheral blood were isolated, and basal, inducible M(3) gene expression were measured by RT-PCR.

RESULTSDuring pretreatment, blood AChE activity decreased continually, it reached the lowest on the 13th day. And it decreased more after exposed to higher dosage of dimethoate. Brain AChE activity in the pretreated groups was lower than that in control group and decreased with the increase in challenging dosage. The density of M(1) receptor in negative control, pretreated, and 50, 100 mg/kg challenging groups were 979.15, 856.54, 539.46, 539.14 fmol/mg pro respectively. The change in relative levels of mRNA of M(1) receptor (2.59, 2.47, 2.20, 1.81) were consistent with the density of receptor but the level declined continually as the challenging dosage increased. The density of M(2) receptor were 507.38, 611.11, 548.42, 337.47 fmol/mg pro respectively, which were not obviously affected by pretreatment but decreased as the challenging dosage increased. The change in levels of M(2) receptor mRNA was not obvious. The basal gene expression of M(3) receptor mRNA was not different among all experimental groups while the inducible gene expression decreased with the increase in challenging dosage.

CONCLUSIONLow level dosage of dimethoate could induce animals to tolerate dimethoate toxicity. Reduction of M(1) receptor density which may be induced by the decrease in its gene expression may be the mechanism of tolerance. The change of M(3) receptor mRNA inducible expression in lymphocyte accorded with M(1) receptor mRNA expression in the brain.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Dimethoate ; toxicity ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Insecticides ; toxicity ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Male ; Maximum Tolerated Dose ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Muscarinic ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of muscarinic receptor M(3) gene in peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers exposed to organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) and to explore its role in the adverse effects of OPPs.

METHODSThe lymphocytes of peripheral blood from 33 workers exposed to dimethoate and 15 control people were isolated and treated with saline and dimethoate respectively in vitro. RT-PCR technique was used to determine M(3) gene expression. Basal and inducible gene expression levels were measured.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in basal gene expression level between exposed group and control group, while the inducible gene expression level was significantly higher in exposure group (1.92 +/- 1.07) than in control group (1.22 +/- 0.19) and basal level (1.49 +/- 0.45, P < 0.05). No differences in basal and inducible gene expression level were found between male and female people in both exposed and control group. The level of inducible M(3) gene expression increased with the increase in length of exposure time [< 5 a: (1.69 +/- 0.95), 5 - 25 a: (1.91 +/- 1.03), > 25 a: (2.09 +/- 1.25), the latter was significantly different from that of < 5 a (P < 0.05)].

CONCLUSIONAfter long-term exposure to OPPs, the basal M(3) receptor gene expression level in the exposed workers did not show any difference from the control group, but the inducible gene expression level (treated with dimethoate in vitro) was increased and related to the extent of exposure to dimethoate.

Dimethoate ; blood ; poisoning ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Insecticides ; blood ; poisoning ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptor, Muscarinic M3 ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo observe the experience and the outcome of pharyngo-colonic anastomosis for esophageal reconstruction in diffuse corrosive esophageal stricture involving hypopharynx.

METHODSThis retrospective report reviews the experience and results of 14 patients who underwent esophageal reconstruction by pharyngo-colonic anastomosis without resection of intra thoracic stricture esophagus. The left half colonic segment was pulled up to the neck through the substernal space in all patients.

RESULTSThere was no operative or hospital death. Postoperative complications include cervical anastomotic fistula in four patients, rupture of the abdominal incision in 1. The length of follow-up ranged from half year to 10 years with an average of 4 years. Anastomotic stenosis occurred in 2 patients. One case improved after dilatation and the other one healed by plastic operation. One patient began to vomit after diet in seven months later with barium swallowing the abdominal colon graft was redundant and this patient was cured with side by side between the colon and the stomach.

CONCLUSIONThe successful reconstruction for hypo-pharyngo-esophageal stricture requires a correct and larger hypopharyngeal opening and a good anastomotic technique. From our experience this procedure is shown to be safe and effective.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Burns ; complications ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Colon ; surgery ; Esophageal Stenosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Esophagoplasty ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To develop a specific quality of life scale for Chinese Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. METHODS: According to the quality of life definition of WHO, we used methods adhered to the rigorous guidelines of instrument development in item pool formation, item selection and scale validation with the data of 236 Type 2 diabetic patients recruited. RESULTS: An 87-item Quality of Life Scale for patients with Type 2 DM-prior test version ( DMQLS), including 5 domains ( disease, physical, social, psychological, and satisfaction ) was developed and showed good reliability and validity. The disease domain made up of Type 2 diabetes mellitus-specific sub-scale and the other 4 domains formed the generic sub-scale for adults. The test-retest correlation coefficient, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and split-half reliability coefficient of DMQLS were 0.996, 0.969 and 0.879, respectively. Twenty-one common factors were extracted according to the conceptual model. The scale's correlations with SF-36 and Diabetes Quality of Life Measure ( DQOL ) were 0.763 and 0.658. DMQLS could discriminate among those with different quality of lives. CONCLUSION DMQLS is reliable, valid and sensitive, and can be used to evaluate the curative effect of Type 2 diabetic patients.
Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; psychology ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychometrics ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; standards

OBJECTIVETo explore the dose-effect relationship between lead exposure and nerve conduction velocity, and to assess risk characteristics of nerve conduction velocity induced by lead exposure.

METHODSThe external dose, internal dose (blood lead, urine lead) and the conduction velocity of peripheral nerve were examined. The benchmark dose of a population exposed to occupational lead was estimated to develop risk assessment of nerve conduction velocity in worker exposed to lead by use of BMDS (version 1.3.3). The BMDL in terms of blood lead and urine lead was calculated.

RESULTSThere was correlation between blood lead and urine lead. The sense nerve conduction velocity was decreased significantly in the group of lead exposure workers (P < 0.05). The BMDLs-05 for median nerve conduct velocity, ulnar nerve conduction velocity, and superficial peroneal nerve conduction velocity in terms of blood lead were 456.99, 332.36 and 468.38 microg/L respectively; the BMDLs-05 in terms of urine lead were 14.1, 9.2 and 13.6 microg/gCr respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe internal dose is the better index to reflect the level of lead exposure. Blood lead is identified as a specific and sensitive biomarker for sense nerve conduction velocity reduction. Ulnar nerve conduction velocity can be used as highly sensitive biomarkers to screen the high risk population of lead exposure.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Lead ; adverse effects ; blood ; Lead Poisoning ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neural Conduction ; drug effects ; Occupational Exposure ; Risk Assessment ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo search an effective method to correct the secondary nasal deformity.

METHODSThe "spilth" tissue asymmetry to the another side on the cleft side alar is formed as a flap, which is used to drive up or reconstruct the nostril base (sill), readjust nostril size and shape. The cleft side alar cartilage lateral foot is disassociated, replaced and fixed into the normal place.

RESULTSNineteen patients were received this operation, their nasal alar, nostril, sill, on the two sides are symmetry, and the result is good.

CONCLUSIONSThe cleft side alar flap and alar cartilage sling procedure is effective to correct secondary cleft lip nasal deformity.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cartilage ; transplantation ; Child ; Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Nose ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Rhinoplasty ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo compare the hemostatic effect between absorbable hemostatic fluid gelatin (HFG) and absorbable gelatin sponge(GS) during operation of unilateral open-door cervical expansive laminoplasty.

METHODSThe clinical data of 83 patients underwent unilateral open-door cervical expansive laminoplasty from February 2014 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the used hemostatic materials, patients were divided into two groups. In HFG group, there were 30 males and 11 females, ranging in age from 29 to 81 years, with an average of(55.6±11.6)years; 14 cases were simple cervical spinal stenosis, 9 were cervical spinal stenosis and ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament, and 18 were cervical spinal stenosis complicated with multiple cervical disc herniation. And in GS group, there were 32 males and 10 females, ranging in age from 36 to 78 years, with an average of (55.4±11.1) years; 12 cases were simple cervical spinal stenosis, 10 were cervical spinal stenosis complicated with ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament, and 20 were cervical spinal stenosis complicated with multiple cervical disc herniation. There was no significant difference in the age, gender, and disease categories of patients between two groups (>0.05). The operative time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative drainage, and postoperative complications were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThe average operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and postoperative drainage in HFG group were(137.2±30.0) min, (156.1±74.6) ml, and (212.1±67.6) ml, respectively; and in GS group were (154.8±33.5) min, (242.9±120.7) ml, and(303.3±115.5) ml, respectively. There were significantly differences in above items between two groups(<0.05). No acute heamatoma or related complications was found postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSCompared with GS, HFG can obviously decrease operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and postoperative drainage. It is a safe and effective hemostatic material for the operation of unilateral open-door cervical expansive laminoplasty.