Objective To test the reliability and validity of the collective self-esteem scale for freshman.Methods 800 freshmen finished the Collective Self-Esteem Scale,the Life Satisfaction Scale,and Self-esteem Scale.Results The confirmatory factor analysis shows that collective esteem includes membership esteem,private collective esteem,public collective esteem,and importance to identiy intemal consistency a of the scale and the 4 components of the scale ale between0.6357and 0.8369.All components of the scale except importance to identity have significantly positive correlation with life satisfaction and self-esteem.(0.14＜r＜0.41,P＜0.01).Gids have more scores than boys in total collective esteem(t=3.38,P＜0.01),Private CSE and Importance to Identity (t=3.32,P＜0.01).Conclusion The revised collective self-esteem scale for freshmen has sound reliability and validity.It is a good instrument for measuring collective self-esteem of Chinese freshman.

Raltitrexed is a specific inhibitor of thymidylate synthase,and has been confirmed that ralti-trexed has no cross tolerance with 5-fluorouracil.Studies have shown that raltitrexed-based combination chemo-therapy has a beneficial effect on the treatment of advanced gastric cancer,and well tolerance,which is worthy of clinical use.

Recently more and more ophthalmologists selected a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) for their cataract patient in order to get good unaided reading vision. Although the design of IOL have made a great progress, we are still dissatisfied compared with our natural crystal lens. Understanding the design theory and improving our surgery technique are basic for better utilization the multifocal IOL. Does the multifocal IOL reduce contrast sensitivity? Should we implant the multifocal IOL in pediatric cataract surgery? How can we deal with the residual refractive error after multifocal IOL implantation? In this editorial, we try to clarify these problems to make us select and use multifocal IOL better.

Objective;To test the relationship between Collective Self-Esteem,Self-Esteem and Depression,Anxiety.Methods;800 freshmen completed the Collective Self-Esteem Scale,the self-Esteem Sale,Self-Rating Depression Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale.Results;①The rate of slight depression was 21.6%;moderate depression,5.9%;high depression,1.6%.The mean of anxiety was 42,the mode of anxiety was 36.②The predicting effects of Self-Esteem,private collective self-esteem and public collective self-esteem on depression were significant(P

Composite Resins ; Dental Bonding ; methods ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; methods

Air Pollutants ; analysis ; Humans ; Industry ; Lead ; analysis ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; methods ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods ; Workplace

Objective: To study the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters of 6,7 dimethoxycoumarin after oral administration of Herba Artemisiae Scopariae decoction and Yinchenhao decoction. Methods: A HPLC UV method was developed to determine 6,7 dimethoxycoumarin in rat plasma. The drug was extracted with acetonitrile from plasma and separated on a Kromasil ODS (250mm?4.6mm,5?m)column with methanol 1% solution of acetic acid THF (30∶63∶7) as mobile phase, UV detecter was set at 340nm. The data obtained were analyzed with Topfit program. Results: The liner calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range of 0.026～2.5 ?g?mL -1 . With non compartmental analysis, the main pharmacokinetic parameters after oral administration of Artemisiae Scopariae decoction and Yinchenhao decoction were as follows: T 1/2 was 1.30 and 1.75h, AUC 0→t was 1215.00 and 2527.85ng?h?mL -1 , AUC 0→∝ was 1325.90 and 2612.58ng?h?mL -1 respectively. Conclusion: This method can be used to study the pharmacokinetics of 6,7 dimethoxycoumarin derived from different traditional Chinese medicines containing this component.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of severe ulcerative colitis(UC)and to find the factors related to treatment and outcome.Methods Forty one hospitalized patients with UC during 1988-2004 were retrospectively reviewed.Data were recorded including the onset,symptoms,signs, laboratory,endoscopic,radiologic and pathologic findings,as well as the processes of clinical treatment. The patients who undergone surgery were also analysed.Results Forty one of 144(28.5%)hospital ized patients were suffered from severe UC,and among them 92.7%(38/41)had pancolitis.The patients who had first onset,chronic persistent,chronic recurrent type were account for 36.9%(15/41),36.9%(15/41) and 26.8%(11/41),respectively.The steroids treatment played the main role in the inducing remission of severe UC(61.0%).Thirty one cases(75.6%)could be relieved by drug therapy.Seven cases(17.1%) were progressed to have operation.The age of early onset,pancolitis,low hemoglobin and serum albumin levels and need of intravenous steroids treatment were associated with the need of surgery.Conclusions Most of the severe UC patients respond well to the medical therapy,but for some non-responding or steroids depending individuals,after a reasonable duration of treatment,surgery should be considered.

Objective:To analyze and compare the volatile oil in the leaves of Juniperus formosana Hayata from Yuzhong and Lu-qu. Methods:The volatile oil from Juniperus formosana Hayata was extracted by steam distillation, and then identified by gas chroma-tography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) . Results:The average yield of the volatile oil from the leaves of Juniperus formosana Hayata from Yuzhong and Lugu was 0. 21% and 1. 45%(w/w), respectively. Between the two areas of the volatile oil from the leaves of Juniperas formsana, totally 40 peaks were separated from the volatile oil from Gansu with 38 ones (95%) were identified. Totally 51 peaks were separated from the volatile oil from Xizang with 47 ones (92%) were identified. The maln constituents in the former volatile oil wereα-pinene(44.92%),l-caryophyllene(9.23%),( -)-isoledene(6. 50%),a-caryophyllene(5.60%),myrcene(4.54%) and d-cadinene(3. 37%), and those in the latter were di-epi-cedrene(31. 87%),cyclohexene(15. 28%),γ-elemene(10. 05%), lanceol (5. 80%) and α-pinene(5. 79%). Conclusion:The constituents in the volatile oil in the leaves of Juniperus formosana Hayata from the two different regions are various, and the differences in the yield and compounds are notable. The method provides reference for the establishment of quality standard for Juniperus. formosana Hayata.

Objective: To study the vitro bioactivity of the Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7.9Sn (TNZS) disks modified by anodic oxidation(AD) and its effects on adhesion of human osteoblast-like MG63 cells. Methods:The TNZS titanium alloy disks were treated with anodic oxidation and the bioactivity was assessed by investigating the formation of apatite on the film surface after soaking in simulated body fluids. The surface composition of the specimens after immersion was evaluated by EDX and X-ray diffraction. MG63 osteoblast-like cells were seeded on the Ti6Al4V,TNZS,AD-TNZS disks, and then the number of attached cells were counted and the cell morphology was examined at each given period. Results:The apatite can form on the treated TNZS disks after soaking in SBF for 6 days. The ratio of attached MG63 on AD-TNZS disks after 60 or 120 min seeding were significant higher than that on other samples and the cells on AD-TNZS disks spread better. Conclusion:The TNZS alloy modified by anodic oxidation can induce apatite formation in SBF and increase the early attachment of osteoblasts.