SOLUTIONS ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS HYPERTONIC SOLUTIONS SODIUM CHLORIDE

This paper introduced the causes of overload of hospital, including no implementation of compulsory management of the health and consultation as administrative and geographical division, bad implementation of technical distribution, improper policies of hospital bursar and disadvantages of market economy. It was difficult to prevent the overload of hospitals. Therefore, it should be strengthened by practicable solutions in which the health sector plays an important role.
Hospitals ; Solutions

Retrospective study on the situation of over loading at Viet Duc Hospital, Saint Paul Hospital, Hanoi Gynaecology Hospital and Gia Lam District Hospital was carried out from 1999 to 2002. 400 inpatient medical records at internal medicine, surgical, gynecological, and pediatric departments; 100 specialistic medical records were studied; Patients were asked to answer Questionnaire; and officers of Hanoi Health Service and leaders of 4 hospitals were organized group discussions. Results: through 4 years all these hospitals have always been over loaded with both out patient and in patient. On average, 1 doctor has examined 25.5-33.5 patients a day. Over loading occurred frequently in some departments and in epidemic seasons. The causes might be both in hospital and out hospital leading to overloading. Authors also proposed some solutions to resolve this problem
hospitals ; Solutions ;

The results of study showed no significant differences on the stability of eye drop preparation containing vitamin B5 kept in neutral glass bottle and in PE vial. Light and high temperature make impact on the stability of the preparation so it needs to be kept from light in a cool place. With selected formula, the eye drop containing vitamin B5 kept in PE vial has stability at least 12 months at room conditions
Ophthalmic Solutions ; Pantothenic Acid

Taking the residuary on brushes without soaking germicide solution at 5 operative rooms at surgical department, Saint Paul Hospital, Ha Noi. The number of studied brushes was 216, of residuary was 348. Before soaking into germicide solution, 100% washing brushes of A operative room and general operative room all had pathogenic bacteria, among which aerobic bacterium accounted for high rate (35.5%). The antiseptic effect of permanganate 1‰ and chloramine 5% by the time 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes was similar. But at the time of 2 minutes the effect of permanganate 1‰ was better than chloramine 5%.
Surgery ; Renalin ; Solutions

Results of investigation at 2 communes with 20 communal and village medical staff showed that 13/20 finished high school, 6/20 finished secondary school, 1 doctor, 10 druggists, none of obstetric-pediatric nurse. Among 30. 311 medical service users, the users finished secondary school account for 41.71%; finished primary school and high school were equally, accounting for 20% for each, over high school was 5.56%. The people chose different consulting places: using private health service was the highest (33.2%), in commune medical stations was 20.7%, to the upper health services was 18.8%, that's why the morbidity actually was higher than that compared with investigated numbers at communal health stations.
Therapeutics ; Health ; Solutions

A study was carried out persons with health insurance at 23 commune health station (CHS) in Sãc S¬n district during 7-12/2000. The result has shown that the rounds of consultation in a day was higher 5.3 times than this in B×nh D­¬ng province and higher 4 times than this in the country. The average cost of a consultation was as half as this of district hospital. The cost of consultation in CHS accounted for a half of total cost of consultation at CHS and district hospital. There was no complication within duration of study. 80% of patients agreed this model of consultation. Total number of patients coming to district hospital and local general hospital were significantly reduced.
Insurance, Health ; Therapeutics ; solutions

Today, the pharmaceutical departments of hospitals have still manufactured intravenous solution by backward equipments to use in hospital including the central hospitals. Therefore, the problem that using and supply the solutions, is anxiety of many person include health staffs and patients in areas when used such self supplied products.
Solutions ; Infusion Pumps

Establishing the formulation of 0.1% diclofenac eye drops by making up solution and quantitative by High- Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results: Natri diclofenac eye drop 0.1% mixing with phosphate buffer 0.05M get the most stability at pH=7.5. The percentage of propylene glycol and natrimetabisulfit in the formulation influenced significantly the stability of eye drop solution. The stability increased gradually if the rates of natri metabisulfit antioxygen are 0.1%; 0.2% and 0.3% or there was an increase of propylene glycol with the rate of 0%, 5% and 10%. This preparation is stable at least 5 months at temperature 50oC and protected from light. This preparation may be stable more than 20 months at room conditions 30oC and protected from light
Ophthalmic Solutions ; Diclofenac

The factors selected as an independent variable to study included antioxidant dinatri EDTA and viscosity enhancers PVP. Value of pH and percent of remained tobramycine contents after 3 months with ageing at 500C compared with primary tobramycine were selected as a dependent variable. Experimental model was designed according to model of quadratic equation including 9 formulas. The relationship between independent variables X and dependent variables Y conformed to quadratic regressive equation. Base on preliminary formulas selected, Modde 5.0 software was used to trace experimentally and deal with the results. Optimal formula of tobramycine eye drop 0.3% had stableness over 3 months at 50oC and over 12 months at normal condition
Ophthalmic Solutions ; Tobramycin