Objective To validate the practical value of zhang-lu index(ZLI) in evaluating the physical growth of neonates.Methods Collecting the data of body weight,height and head circumference from 413 neonates,the results of ZLI were calculated according to the ZLI expression,then through the original date coming from 31 small for gestational age(SGA),65 large for gestational age(LGA) and 317 appropriate for gestational age(AGA),ZLI was compared with the conventional method of body weight for gestational age.Results 1.Compared with the method of body weight for gestational age,the sensitivity was higher than the result validated by the nation.The diffe-(rence) was significantly(P0.05).2.The results of ZLI of neonates in Huaihua city were larger than the reference given by the national of neonatal scientific research associate;The differences were significantly(P

BACKGROUNDOld pelvis fractures are among the most challenging fractures to treat because of their complex anatomy, difficult-to-access surgical sites, and the relatively low incidence of such cases. Proper evaluation and surgical planning are necessary to achieve the pelvic ring symmetry and stable fixation of the fracture. The goal of this study was to assess the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques for surgical management of old pelvic fractures.

METHODSFirst, 16 dried human cadaveric pelvises were used to confirm the anatomical accuracy of the 3D models printed based on radiographic data. Next, nine clinical cases between January 2009 and April 2013 were used to evaluate the surgical reconstruction based on the 3D printed models. The pelvic injuries were all type C, and the average time from injury to reconstruction was 11 weeks (range: 8-17 weeks). The workflow consisted of: (1) Printing patient-specific bone models based on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans, (2) virtual fracture reduction using the printed 3D anatomic template, (3) virtual fracture fixation using Kirschner wires, and (4) preoperatively measuring the osteotomy and implant position relative to landmarks using the virtually defined deformation. These models aided communication between surgical team members during the procedure. This technique was validated by comparing the preoperative planning to the intraoperative procedure.

RESULTSThe accuracy of the 3D printed models was within specification. Production of a model from standard CT DICOM data took 7 hours (range: 6-9 hours). Preoperative planning using the 3D printed models was feasible in all cases. Good correlation was found between the preoperative planning and postoperative follow-up X-ray in all nine cases. The patients were followed for 3-29 months (median: 5 months). The fracture healing time was 9-17 weeks (mean: 10 weeks). No delayed incision healing, wound infection, or nonunions occurred. The results were excellent in two cases, good in five, and poor in two based on the Majeed score.

CONCLUSIONSThe 3D printing planning technique for pelvic surgery was successfully integrated into a clinical workflow to improve patient-specific preoperative planning by providing a visual and haptic model of the injury and allowing patient-specific adaptation of each osteosynthesis implant to the virtually reduced pelvis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDSurgical treatment of acetabular fracture has long been a challenging area in the field of orthopedic trauma. The aim of this research was to investigate the operative methods for delayed acetabular fractures and to assess the operation results.

METHODSThe operative approaches, procedures, results, and complications of the delayed acetabular fractures between 1995 and 2005 were retrospectively evaluated at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. Quality of life was assessed for each patient with the Merle d'Aubingne and Postel fracture function rating scale and the radiological result was assessed using the Matta radiological score.

RESULTSSixty-eight cases (70 hips) were followed up with a minimal duration of five years (average of 5.8 years). Excellent functional results were observed in 10 hip joints, good results in 40, fair results in 11, and poor results in nine. The risks of poor prognosis include impact fracture or osteochondral fracture of femoral head, a time beyond 42 days from injury to operative management, and dislocation of femoral head during the injury. Some of the problems, which were observed included postoperative infection in two hips, iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury in eight hips, traumatic arthritis in 15 hips, heterotopic ossification in 17 hips, and necrosis of the femoral head in six hips.

CONCLUSIONA careful selection of operative indications for delayed acetabular fractures in combination with a proper operative approach and appropriate reduction and fixation could guarantee relatively good results.

Acetabulum ; injuries ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the etiology of idiopathic talipes equinovarus (ITEV) in all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induced clubfoot-like deformity in rat fetuses with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS).

METHODSClubfoot-like deformity model in rat fetuses was induced with ATRA (135 mg/kg) in gestation day (GD10) pregnant Wistar rats. 2-DE was applied to separate the total proteins of ankle joint tissue, ankle joint bone and spinal cord of the animal models. The Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining gels were analyzed by 2-DE software PDQuest 7.1.0. Selected differential protein spots were identified with peptide mass fingerprinting based on matrix-assisted laser adsorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and database searching. xiap, tnnt1 and col2 alpha 1, three genes of the differential proteins, were identified furthermore. Apoptosis study was made in terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labeling.

RESULTSThere were many differential expressed proteins in the clubfoot-like deformity model. Out of the differentially expressed proteins,16 protein spots were identified to be differentially expressed in the clubfoot-like deformity model with MS. Three of the 16 protein spots, xiap, tnnt1 and col2 alpha 1 were confirmed to be significantly down-regulated by the RT-PCR, and Xiap was further confirmed to be significantly down-regulated with immunohistochemistry. Another randomly selected gene, ngfr, did not express differently in ATRA-induced clubfoot-like deformity in rat fetuses. The rates of the apoptosis in the spinal, bone of the clubfoot-like deformity fetuses was 5.4 and 10 times of those of the normal fetuses respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that there are certain differently expressed proteins in ankle joint tissue, ankle joint bone and spinal cord of the ATRA-induced clubfoot-like deformity in rat fetuses, and Xiap, sTnT, and Col2 alpha 1 show a significant correlation with ITEV. Ngfr is not correlation with ITEV. Apoptosis plays a key role in the development of ITEV and related to the decreased expression of the Xiap.

Animals ; Ankle Joint ; metabolism ; Clubfoot ; chemically induced ; genetics ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proteomics ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; Tretinoin

Objective To collect more data on the epidemiology of hantavirus in rodents in Cixi,Zhejiang province.Methods Rodents were captured in Cixi,where hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)appeared endemic.Hantavirus antigens in the rat lungs were detected by immunofluorescence assay.Partial S segment sequences were amplified by reverse transciption-polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR)and then sequenced.The phyologenetic trees were constructed by maximum likelihood method to detect the genetic characteristics of hantavirus.Results A total of 243 rodents were trapped in the epidemic areas,and hantavirus antigens were identified in 7 out of these lung samples(2.88%).Partial S segment sequences(620-999 nt)were recovered from 6 samples and sequenced.Data from phylogenetic analysis of these S segment sequences indicated that all viruses belonged to Seoul virus(SEOV),despite the origins of sources were either from Rattus norvegicus or from R.fzabipectus.These viruses could further be divided into two distinct lineages but the viruses carried by R.norvegicus were different from those carried by R.flabipectus.Conclusion Two distinct lineages of SEOV had been cocirculating in rodents in Cixi.

It is generally assumed that study of in vitro dissolution can reveal the in vivo behavior and bioavailability of a drug. The dissolution test indisputably plays a vital role in the research and development of pharmaceutical preparations as well as routine quality control of approved drugs. In order to develop an ideal dissolution method, the physicochemical properties of drug and the characteristics of its dosage form should be considered, and a proper dissolution condition be established to simulate the in vivo dissolution behavior of drugs. The new dissolution method should have the required characteristics of accuracy and durability, but also could distinguish pharmaceutic preparations with different quality. In recent years, there have been more and more reports on the establishment and verification of dissolution methods for oral solid dosage forms. However, there is very few review articles on the topic. According to the latest guidelines by domestic and foreign drug organizations, this review paper is prepared to summarize the most important skills and progress in the development of dissolution methods for oral solid preparations. The aim is to provide a reference for the development and validation of new dissolution methods.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine (CM) intervention in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from liver enzyme (ALT), imaging (the liver/spleen CT ratio) and syndrome scores, and to establish standard methods for diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy evaluation with characteristics of CM.

METHODSA multi-center, stratified randomized, parallel controlled, blindness-method evaluated, superiority trial was performed. Totally 204 patients were randomly allocated into two groups, 102 patients in the experimental group (treated with CM) and 102 patients in the control group [treated with Western medicine (WM)]. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), liver/spleen CT ratio, and clinical symptoms were observed in both groups.

RESULTSOf the randomly allocated 204 cases from 4 hospitals, 3 patients were rejected, and 25 were lost. Totally 176 cases con- formed to the plan with complete follow-ups. After 3 months of treatment, syndrome scores and the improvement of partial clinical symptoms (fatigue and sallow complexion) were superior in the experimental group to those in the control group (P < 0.05). After 3 months of follow-up, the syndrome scores and improvement of partial clinical symptoms (fatigue and sallow complexion) were superior in the experimental group to those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in improving liver enzymes or the liver/spleen CT ratio between the two groups (P > 0.05). There were 4 adverse reactions/adverse events in the two groups in the process of treatment, mainly covering drug-induced liver injury, diarrhea, and epigastric distension. Adverse reactions had nothing to do with CM treatment.

CONCLUSIONSJianpi Shugan Recipe had obvious efficacy in treatment of NASH. It could remove the liver fat and play a role in anti-inflammation and liver protection. It also could improve the indices of liver enzymes and the liver/spleen CT ratio effectively, which was superior to Polyene Phosphatidylcholine Capsule (PPC) in improving clinical symptoms, especially for such symptoms as fatigue and sallow complexion.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy