Objective To explore the effects of probiotics on feeding intolerance and early growth and development of premature infants.Methods Eighty premature infants were randomly assigned into 2 groups,the other 40 infants as therapy group,another 40 infants as control group.All infants in 2 groups were given general care and treatment.At the same time,probiotics was administered orally or via a orogastric tube to infants in therapy group within 24 hours after birth.The parameters of head circumference,length and body weight on day 28 of life and the time to achieve full enteral feeding and to regain birth weight were all recorded.The incidence of feeding intolerance of both groups were analyzed.Potential adverse effects associated with probiotics were also monitored.Results The incidence of feeding intolerance was significantly lower in probiotics-treated infants(27.5%) compared with that of control group(52.5%)(?2=5.208 3 P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate a minimally invasive technique of parotidectomy in treatment of benign parotid tumors.

METHODSThis retrospective review included 49 patients with benign parotid gland tumors. The modified technique included incision, flap elevation, facial nerve dissection, the great auricular nerve preservation and postoperative disposal.

RESULTSAll tumors were resected completely. The operation lasted 1.5 approximately 2.5 h; the average length of incisions was from 5.5 cm to 7.5 cm, and the average postoperative hospital stay was 4 days. There were no permanent facial nerve injury, no obvious scars and no depressed deformity observed postoperatively. During the 6 months approximately 5 years following-up, no tumor recurrence was found.

CONCLUSIONThe minimally invasive technique of parotidectomy reduces the disadvantages of the traditional procedure, and improves the quality of operation.T.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Parotid Gland ; surgery ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To establish an acute yunaconitine poisoning rat model with a single oral administration and to determine the contents of yunaconitine in rat tissues by UPLC-MS/MS method, then investigate the distribution of yunaconitine in rats. Method The rats were randomly divided into three groups and were intragastrically administered a single dose of 2.2mg/kg,1.1mg/kg,0.7mg/kg yunaconitine, respectively.. The rats were killed 2h later, the stomach tissue, intestine tissue, liver tissue, pancreas tissue, kidney tissue, lung tissue, spleen tissue, heart tissue, bladder tissue, testis tissue, brain tissue and heart blood samples were collected. The contents of yunaconitine in the biological materials were determined by UPLC-MS/MS method after the biological samples extracted by liquid-liquid extraction. Result A rat model of the yunaconitine poisoning was made with a single dose of 1.1mg/kg, the concentrations of yunaconitine displayed in the organs with the following order:stomach, small intestine, liver, pancreas, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, bladder, testis, heart blood and brain. Conclusion Yunaconitine was widely distributed in rats, especially the levels in the stomach, small intestine and liver were the highest. The conclusion provides a basis for the selection of test materials for the poisoning of Aconitum vilmorinianum Kom.

AIMTo clarify the ultrastructural changes of penile tunica albuginea (TA) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

METHODSIntraperitoneal injection of STZ was used to induce diabetes mellitus (DM) in 12 Sprague Dawley rats. Ten rats (age and weight-matched) were used as control. Blood samples from the tail snips of the rats were used for the determination of serum glucose levels with SureStep Plus Blood Meter. At week 4 and 10 after the injection, half of the rats in each group were sacrificed and penile samples were obtained from the middle third of the penile shaft for the examination of TA under scanning electron microscopy.

RESULTSIn the diabetic group, the serum glucose levels were higher (P<0.01 at both time points) and the TA were thinner (P<0.05) than those of the controls. In the control group, the fibers of TA were rich and arranged regularly and undulated, while in the diabetic group, the fibers were diminished, lost the undulations and were arranged irregularly.

CONCLUSIONIn rats, DM appeared to impair the penile TA ultrastructures and this impairment could contribute to diabetic erectile dysfunction in part by impairing the veno-occlusive function.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; pathology ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Penis ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo establish new techniques on the control of vessel dividing and bleeding in minimally invasive video-assisted thyroid surgeries.

METHODSOne hundred and seventy volunteer patients with nodular goiter, adenoma and Graves' disease consecutively received the endoscopic thyroid operation according to Miccoli's mode from April 2002 to June 2003. The approach was designed to use ultrasonically activated scalpels [Harmonic Scalpel (R), Johnson & Johnson, USA] as a major, suction-dissector or others as supplementary instruments during the whole process. During the operations, two methods, "sequenced dissect-coagulate-cut" and "pre-coagulation + interlaced cut-suck-coagulate-dissect", were employed and separately evaluated for their safety or efficacy.

RESULTSAll of the procedures, except that 2 (their lesions were proven to be "cancer" by frozen section and need different treatment), were successfully completed. None of them were interrupted and converted to open surgery due to uncontrolled bleeding or severe postoperative hematoma. Branches of major thyroid vessels can be directly divided by ultrasonic scalpel without ligation or using hemoclips, supposing the technique of "sequenced dissect-coagulate-cut" method was strictly used. Bleeding during intra-gland dissection can be effectively controlled by the combined techniques of precoagulation of the vessels and the capsule vessel network near and around the incision, and then, by coordinating manipulation with a special multiple functional ultrasonic scalpel and a suction-dissector, supposing the technique of "interlaced cut-suck-coagulate-dissect" was properly employed.

CONCLUSIONSUsing ultrasonic scalpels as major, suction-dissector or others as supplementary instruments, manipulating cooperatively during the whole process, can be an ideal fashion in the site of a narrow gasless working space via a small single incision in anterio-inferior neck. And this may dramatically simplify the manipulation, and hence greatly reduce the operative difficulty. The reforms resolved two key technique problems in Miccoli's endoscopic operation: vessel-dividing and bleeding-control, therefore, laying a sound basis for the clinical application of this special approach.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Hemostasis, Surgical ; methods ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Gland ; blood supply ; Thyroidectomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Video-Assisted Surgery ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility, technique and significance of preserving the posterior branch of the great auricular nerve in parotid surgery.

METHODS48 cases with parotid tumor who underwent regular parotid surgery with cosmetic incision were included. The sensory testing was carried out in upper auricle, lobule, infra-auricular, pre-auricular and post-auricular region preoperatively and at 10 days, 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after operation.

RESULTSThe posterior branch of the great auricular nerve was preserved in 35 out of 48 patients. There was no sensory loss in the upper auricle and post-auricular region. Early after operation, sensory disturbance was found in lobule, infra-auricular region, but significantly in pre-auricular region. The sensory disturbance was recovered slowly to nearly normal level at six months after operation. 13 cases with sacrifice of the nerve had a significantly higher sensory disturbance and a longer recovery time.

CONCLUSIONSPreservation of the posterior branch of the great auricular nerve during parotid surgery is technically feasible and can reduce the postoperative sensory disturbance and possible permanent sensory loss. It further helps to improve the quality of life early after operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ear, External ; innervation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Gland ; innervation ; surgery ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relevant applied technique and clinical value of endoscope-assisted repair of zygomatic arch fracture via a short hidden preauricular incision.

METHODSThere were 7 cases of unilateral zygomatic arch fracture and 10 cases of unilateral zygomatic fracture. Reduction and fixation of zygomatic arch in all cases were performed via a short preauricular incision assisted by endoscope.

RESULTSSymmetric malar was achieved in all cases after operation. There was no difficulty in opening mouth, no chewing problems or severe complications.

CONCLUSIONSEndoscope-assisted repair of zygomatic arch fracture via a short hidden preauricular incision can be an alternative operation for zygomatic arch fracture.

Adult ; Endoscopes ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Zygoma ; injuries ; surgery ; Zygomatic Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of sodium hyaluronate on the growth and adhesion of colorectal cancer cells.

METHODSHuman colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and Colo205 were treated with sodium hyaluronate (25 -2,500 microg/ml), and cancer cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay in vitro. Flow-cytometric analysis was applied to detect expression of CD44 on SW620 and Colo205 cells.

RESULTIn vitro sodium hyaluronate enhanced proliferation of Colo205 cells, but it had no appreciable effect on SW620 growth under the same doses, Meantime, CD44 expression on cancer cells decreased compared with controls.

CONCLUSIONIn vitro sodium hyaluronate has different effects on growth of different colorectal cancer cell lines, but can inhibit CD44 expression of colorectal cancer cells and influence their ability of adhesion.

Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; analysis ; Hyaluronic Acid ; pharmacology

Objective To evaluate the clinical application and significance of lengthen-stem bipolar-femur prosthetic replacement for the treatment of old-age patients with intertrochanteric fracture osteoporosis.Methods 28 cases of patients aging from 75 to 99 years old of intertrochanteric fracture osteoporosis treated with lengthen- stem cemented bipolar prosthesis were studicd from March 2000 to December 2006.After taking the blank margin, the bones of different sizes were replaced and the steel wire was fixed.After determining the depth of the front an- gle,the artificial bone was placed.Results After 28 examples attaining the following-up examination for 7 months to 3 years,with an average of 1.5 years,its function according to Harris standard was evaluated 3 months after the operation,8 examples were excellent,13 examples good,5 examples pass,2 examples inferior.The excellent or good rate reached 75% ,with no abnormal cases,no joint dislocation during the followed-up period.1 example had the phantom phenomenon 1 year after the operation.2 examples among the inferior had got more serious internal medicine disease which affected the restoring function.1 example died of the internal medicine disease 1 year after the operation.Conclusion By using the lengthen-stem bipolar-femur prosthetic replacement for the treatment of old patients with inrertrochanteric fracture osteoporosis,the patients will restore quickly after the operation and can carry a heavy load at an early time.The illness complication and the mortality rate will be redaced.But its related disease must be strictly dealt with and the surgery operating skill must be grasped.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for increasing T regulatory cells (Treg) in the graft by using in vivo treatment with dexamethasone (Dex) plus IL-2 and observe its suppressing effect on graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) in mice.

METHODSAfter treatment of male C57BL/6N mice (donor) with Dex (5 mgxkg(-1)xd(-1)) combined with IL-2 (300 000 IUxmouse(-1)xday(-1)) for three days, spleen mononuclear cells were isolated for flow cytometry analysis of CD4(+)CD25(+) POXP3(+) Treg cells. The allogeneic lymphocytes were transplanted from male C57BL/6N mice to female BALB/c mice aged 8-12 weeks. GVHD and survival time were investigated after transplantation. Donor-derived hematopoiesis reconstituted in recipient mice was detected by Y-chromosome-specific PCR and H-2K(b) by flow cytometry.

RESULTSAdministration of Dex and IL-2 markedly expanded functional CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) Treg cells in murine spleen, the number of which in treated group was (24.2 +/- 7.6)% while in control group was (4.0 +/- 0.8)% (P = 0.01). The ratio of Treg to effector T cells (Teff) increased obviously in the treated group (0.43 +/- 0.15 vs 0.14 +/- 0.01, P = 0.01). In a murine allogeneic lymphocyte transplantation model, the grafts from donor with combined treatment of Dex and IL-2 led to a longer survival time than that from the control group (median survival time > 60 d vs 12 d, P = 0.0045), while the mortality rate was decreased (29.4% vs 71.4%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCostimulation with Dex and IL-2 can selectively expand the functional CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) Treg in vivo, which can suppress acute GVHD.

Animals ; Dexamethasone ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory