Colonic Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Digestive System Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Humans ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Adult ; Femur Head Necrosis ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Glucocorticoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Paraquat ; poisoning

Objective To explore the roles of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and TGF-?1 in aldosterone-induced PAI-1 production.Methods Quiescent rat mesangial cells (MCs) were treated by aldosterone.The level of ROS in MCs induced by aldosterone was measured by confecal laser scanning microscopy and the TGF-?1 activity in the supematant of culture was measured by mink lung epithelial cell (Mvllu) proliferation inhibition MTT assay.Then,before the addition of aldosterone,MCs were pretreated with NAC or TGF-?1 neutralizing antibody to decrease cellular ROS or inhibit activity of TGF-?1 induced by aldosterone respectively.PAI-1 mRNA was examined by semi-quantification RT-PCR and PAI-1 protein by Western blotting.Results The intracellular ROS induced by aldosterone increased by 5-fold compared to that of control group,and the activity of TGF-?1 stimulated by aldosterone increased markedly.TGF-?1 neutralizing antibody and NAC effectively decreased aldosterone-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression by 30% and 32%,and PAI-1 protein expression by 21% and 11%,respectively.However,neither TGF-?1 neutralizing antibody nor NAC alone could regulate aldosterone-induced PAI-1 mRNA and protein expression to normal level in 24 hours.Conclusions ROS and TGF-?1 play important roles in up-regulation of aldosterone- induced PAI-1 in MCs.ROS and TGF-?1 are not the exclusive pathway of PAI-1 expression induced by aldosterone in MCs.

OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC analysis method of monacolin J(MJ). METHODS: MJ sample was analyzed with Hypersil C18 HPLC column. The mobile phase was composed of 0.1% H3PO4 and acetonitrile (30:70) with flow rate of 1.0 mL · min-1, and the detection wavelength was 238 nm. Monacolin J samples produced from lovastatin fermentation mycelia and engineered Aspergilus terreus were analyzed. RESULTS: The calibration curve of monacolin J was linear in the range of 10 - 500 μg · mL-1 with r of 0.9998. The purity of crystaline monacolin J from lovastatin fermentation mycelia was 92%, and the purification yield was 96.24%. Meanwhile the engineered Aspergilus terreus produced lovastatin and monacolin J at the ratio of about 1.1:1.0. CONCLUSION: This HPLC method can separate lactone form and acid form of monacolin J, lovastatin and simvastatin very well. This HPLC method can be effectively used in monacolin J research of simvastatin biosynthesis. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

A number of reports have appeared implicating neurotoxicity of local anesthetics as a possible cause of neurologic complications after spinal anesthesia. Transient neurologic syndrome is one of neurologic complications. This article reviews the etiology, occurred mechanism, clinical symptoms, risk factors, prevention and treatment of transient neurologic syndrome.

OBJECTIVETo seek the effective treatment for peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapeutic drugs.

METHODSSixty-four cases of peripheral neuropathy induced by Paclitaxel or Oxaliplatin were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, 32 cases in each group. The acupuncture group was treated with therapeutic principle of dredging meridians and collaterals, tonifying qi and eliminating blood stasis, supplementing liver and kidney, nourishing blood and tendon. Hegu (LI 4), Taichong (LR 3), Zusanli (ST 36), Qihai (CV 6) and Quchi (LI 11) etc. were selected. The medication group was treated with intramuscular injection of Cobamamide. The neurotoxicity of two groups was compared with questionnaire of peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapeutic drugs before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe total effective rate for sensory nerve disorder of acupuncture group was 66.7% (20/30), which was superior to that of 40.0% (12/30) in medication group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture is more effective than Cobamamide for treatment of peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapeutic drugs, especially for moderate and severe sensory nerve disorder induced by paclitaxel.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; adverse effects ; Paclitaxel ; adverse effects ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; therapy

BACKGROUND:Semaphorin7A (Sema7A) is a kind of cel surface protein, which can promote the fusion of osteoclasts and the migration of osteoblasts at the same time, affecting the dynamic balance of the bone. It is speculated that Sema7A siRNA may inhibit osteoblast apoptosis induced by titanium particles. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Sema7A on the preosteoblast activity inhibited by titanium particles. METHODS:Mouse MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts at passages 6 and 7 were divided into four groups: in blank control group, MC3T3-E1 cels were cultured alone; in standard control group, cel were cultured with titanium particles; in experimental groups 1 and 2, the cels were cultured with titanium particles+Sema7A overexpression plasmids and titanium particles+Sema7A siRNA, respectively. Apoptotic rate of MC3T3-E1 cels was detected by flow cytometry; the mRNA expression of bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and type I colagen was detected by Q-PCR; western blot assay was adopted to detect the protein expression of bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and type I colagen; alizarin red calcium nodule staining was taken to detect the degree of osteoblast mineralization. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expressions of bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin and type I colagen were decreased in the standard control group and experimental group 1, but these expression were significantly increased in the experimental group 2 compared with the standard control group (P < 0.05). Flow cytometry results suggested that the apoptotic rate of osteoblasts in the experimental group 1 was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05), and the apoptotic rate in the experimental group 2 was lower than that in the standard control group (P < 0.05). Alizarin red staining showed that there were no obvious mineralized nodules in the experimental group 1, but mineralized nodules formed in the experimental group 2. In brief, the genetic interference technique that inhibits the activity of Sema7A can interfere the process of mouse MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast differentiation inhibited by titanium particles, and thus provide a feasible way for the clinical treatment of wear particles-induced osteolysis using biotechnology.

BACKGROUND:Sema7A is a kind of cel surface protein, which can promote the fusion of osteoclasts and the migration of osteoblast at the same time, affecting the dynamic balance of bone. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether Sema7A siRNA has ainhibitory effect on the osteoclast activation in the process of osteolysis which induced by titanium particles. METHODS:The precursor osteoclasts with the concentration of 4×109 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 7 days of culture, the expression levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, matrix metaloproteinase-9 and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB in the positive control, /L were seeded on 96-wel plates containing glass cover slips, and divided into four groups: blank control, positive control, experiment and negative control groups. The cel culture medium was added into the control group. 20 μL un-transfected siRNA supernatant was added into the positive control group. 20 μL transfected Sema7A siRNA supernatant was added into the experiment group. 20 μL transfected control siRNA supernatant was added into the negative control group. The supernatant was obtained through the co-culture between titanium particles solution and monocyte-macrophage cel line RAW264.7of mouse for 24 hours. siRNA was transfected into mononuclear macrophage cel lines RAW264.7 of mice. negative control and experiment groups were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression level of each factor in the experiment group was lower than that in the positive control and negative control groups (P < 0.05). At 8 days of culture, the proliferation activity of osteoclasts and the number of positive cels stained by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in the positive control, negative control and experiment groups were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The proliferation activity of osteoclasts and the number of positive cels stained by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in the experiment group were lower than those in the control and negative groups (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that Sema7A siRNA has a certain inhibitory effect on the osteoclast activation induced by titanium particles.

BACKGROUND:Bone formation is a dynamic process, and osteoclasts and osteoblasts are involved in this dynamic process. Semaphorins were found first as axonal growth cone guidance molecules, which express in many different tissues and regulate many physiological processes. Recently, Semaphorins are confirmed to play an important role in the regulation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the role of Semaphorins in bone homeostasis. METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and Web of Science was performed for articles related to the effect of Semaphorins in regulation of bone metabolism published from June 1993 to January 2014 using the keywords of “semaphorin, sema”. Irrelevant articles or duplicate content articles were excluded, and finaly 48 articles were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Semaphorins act as a new class of regulatory molecules in the aspect of bone cytobiology. Studies have show semaphorins are actively involved in bone remodeling through some special mechanisms, and semaphorin proteins are crucial for bone homeostasis, which provides a new method and therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoporosis, bone sclerosis, osteolysis adjacent to joint prosthesis and other bone diseases.