Objective:To investigate the viral pathogen of children with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Chongqing and to direct clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods:Nasopharyngeal secretion was oblained from 1731 inpatient children diagnosed as ARI, and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), para influenza virusⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, adeno virus and influenza virus A, B were detected by direct immunofuorescence. Results:There was relationship between total positive rate of virus pathogens of children with ARI and age, season and respiratory disease, but not for sex. Among the 7 virus, top detected virus was RSV, followed in turn by para influenza virusⅢ. There was higher RSV detection rate in infants aged 6～12months with bronchiolitis in winter. Para influenza virusⅢwas commonly delected in children with upper respiratory infecttion and over 5 vears. Conclusions:Detection of viral pathogens in children with respiratory infection could give fast, accurate diagnostic evidence, and help avoid antibiotics abuse. Moreover, it is the base of long-term detection of viral pathogens and the hase of the study about the virus relalive dis- eases.

Objective:To investigate the health data of the different genders and age groups and the distribution of dyslipidemia among adult residents in Chongqing.Methods:From January 1st,2009 to October 31,2009,we established a cluster stratified sampling method,including 20000 people,aged 19 to 60 years,in Chongqing.Subjects were divided into 4 groups by age:18～29 years of age, 30～39 years of age,40～49 years of age,and 50～59 years of age;2 groups by sex:male group and female group;2 groups by place of residence:urban areas and non-urban areas.Total cholesterol,triglycerides,low density and high density lipoprotein were measured. Results:People of non-urban areas had a higher proportion of dyslipidemia,compared with those of urban areas(P

Objective: To assess the effects of short-term treatment of sodium rosiglitazone or rosiglitazone maleate on abdominal fat distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: 36 patients with type 2 diabetes who were inadequately controlled by sulfonylureas were randomized into two groups,Group A and Group B,treated with sodium rosiglitazone and rosiglitazone maleate respectively for 12 weeks.Subcutaneous and visceral fat areas at L4 level were measured at baseline and endpoint by CT scanning.Results: At endpoint,the levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),two-hour postprandial plasma glucose(PPG),HbA1c,fasting insulin and HOMA-IR decreased significantly in both Group A and Group B(P0.05).Conclusion: Treatment with short-term rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes leads to fat redistribution from visceral fat to subcutaneous fat.

Objective To investigate the relationship of serum uric acid(SUA) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic macrovascular complications and to study the influential factors of SUA.Methods Recruited were eighty type 2 diabetic patients(group B),ninety-two type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease(group C) and one hundred and twelve healthy controls(group A) whose qualitative urine protein assay were negative.Serum concentrations of uric acid and other biochemical materials were assayed at a fasting state.The sensitivity of insulin was also evaluated.Results(1) The SUA levels in group A,B and C were(280±81)(257±76) and (302±72) mmol/L respectively;SUA in group B was lower than that in group A(P=0.037) or group C(P=0.000) and SUA in group C tended to be higher than that in group A(P=0.050).(2) SUA level significantly increased in man than in woman(P=0.001).(3) The independent influential factors of SUA were WHR(R=0.354) in man,and BMI(R=0.286) and age(R=0.623) in woman.(4) After adjusting the age,sex,distribution of body fat and serum lipid level, the logistic regression analysis of group B and C showed that hyperuricemia was the independent risk factor for diabetic macrovascular complications,and this was especially obvious in smoker or hypertensive patient.Conclusions SUA in type 2 diabetic patients is lower than that in both healthy controls and type 2 diabetic patients with coronary disease.The level and contributing factors of SUA are different between men and women.

Objective To investigate the pathogens and drug resistance of bacteria in children with pneumonia in Chongqing by using antibiotic reasonably.Methods Bacteria identification antibiotics sensitivity test were performed in samples of lower respiratory tract secretions from 780 cases by microscan automatic analysis machine.At the same time,respiratory virus,chlamydial and mycoplasmal pneumoniae were tested.Results The pathogens were found in 433 cases.Three hundred and sixty-four strains bacteria were isolated,116 cases were infected by virus and 26 cases by mycoplasmal pneumoniae.The resistant rates of staphylococcal and Klebsiella pneumoniae were high.The resistant rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin was high.Haemophilus parainfluenzae was sensitive to cephalosporins.Conclusions In Chongqing,children′s pneumonia is mainly caused by bacteria.The sensitivity of antibiotic varies from different bacteria.Finding pathogens and monitoring drug resistance have taken great advantage to antibiotic selection and have prevented rapidly growing of resistant strains.

Objective To compare the clinical therapeutic effects of thyroid endoscopic surgery and traditional open surgery in treatment of thyroid diseases.Methods Data of 136 patients undergoing thyroid surgery from May.2011 to May.2012 in the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province were collected.They were randomly divided into 2 groups:the observation group (n =68) and the control group (n =68).The observation group were treated with endoscopic thyroid surgery and the control group with the traditional surgery.Clinical data of the 2 groups such as operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage volume,postoperative serum interleukin 2 (IL-2),C reaction protein(CRP),TNF-αexpression level,postoperative complications,postoperative hospital stay and so on were collected and compared.Results The difference had no statistical significance between the 2 groups in the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage volume,postoperative serum IL-2,CRP,TNF-αexpression levels,and postoperative complications (P ＞ 0.05).However,the observation group had superiority in the postoperative hospital stay,neck discomfort and the acceptability than the control group.The difference had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Endoscopic thyroid surgery is safe and reliable.Compared with traditional open surgery,it has better cosmetic effects and less trauma.

Objective To explore the feature of clinical and laboratory and therapy in childern with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderlsis(IPH).Methods The clinical and laboratory datas of 50 cases with IPH were studied from Jan.1996 to Jan.2006.The hemogram,the metabolism of ferrum,the cellular test of bone marrow,finding the hemosiderin cells in sputum or gastric juice or bronchovesicular juice and ma-nifestation were analyzed.Results IPH were often found in children aged 6 to 14 years old.Coungh and spitting blood and anemia were the most important clinical feature.X-ray manifestations were various.The diagnosis of IPH was based on clinical feature and finding out the he-mosiderin cells in sputum or gastric juice or bronchovesicular juice.X-ray and CT manifestations were important.At the same time,the secon-dary IPH was removed.The clinical symptom of IPH were relieved by using adrenal cortical hormone.Conclusions There is no specificity in children with IPH.X-ray,CT manifestations and finding the hemosiderin cells in sputum or gastric juice are helpful in diagnosis.Using adrenal cortical hormone will release symptom and prognosis.

Objective To study the genotype distribution and its association with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) of polymorphism of osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene promoter rs2073617T/C(950T/C) and the first exon rs2073618G/C(1181G/C) in Fujian Han population. Methods A total of seven hundred and twenty consecutive patients of unrelated Fujian Han people with ACS were enrolled in the present study. They were divided into ACS group and control group, 360 each. OPG gene 950T/C and 1181G/C were genotyped in all the patients using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP). DNA sequences of enzyme digestion products were also analyzed. Results In Fujian Han population, the frequency of TC, TT, CC types of OPG 950T/C polymorphism in ACS patients and controls were 47.8%, 26.7% and 25.5% vs 43.3%, 33.3% and 23.3%; The frequency of GG, GC, CC types of OPG 1181G/C polymorphism in ACS patients and controls were 51.1%, 40.0% and 8.9% vs 60.0%, 35.0% and 5.0%. No significant differences were observed in the genotype and allelic frequency of OPG gene 950T/C and 1181G/C between the ACS and control groups. OPG gene 950T/C and 1181G/C showed no statistically significant difference between ACS patients with single-vessel, double-vessel and three or more-vessel disease. Conclusion OPG gene polymorphism of 950T/C and 1181G/C are not associated with ACS in Han population of Fujian.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are world-wide threats to human health in recent years. Achievements in pharmacogenomics and individualized treatment have become a bright spot in the treatment of these diseases. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pharmacogenomic researches focus on the relationship between the drug effects and genetic polymorphism, which provide theoretical basis for individualized treatment. This review gives an overview of the developments of the pharmacogenomics of the most commonly therapeutic agents in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as anticoagulants, antihypertensive agents, platelet aggregation inhibitors and cholesterol lowering drugs.

dl-3-n-Butylphthalide can be applied in many areas of central nervous system diseases,such as cerebral ischemia,cerebral trauma,dysmnesia,convulsion,and so on.This paper reviewed the effect and mechanism of it.