Egr-1 is an important transcription factor, which regulates at least 30 kinds of gene expression. Egr-1 couples extracellular signals to long-term responses by altering expression of Egr-1 target genes. So egr-1 can directly or indirectly affect cell differentiation,apoptosis,immune response,injury and repair. This article reviewed the progress in Egr-1 and the lung disease.

Objective:To establish animal model on the basis of the autoimmune etiology for a subset of cases of Tourette syndrome.Methods:Blood samples were drawn from patients with TS(by DSM-IV)and were sent for further enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)to a laboratory.Eight serum samples with the highest concentration of anti-neural antibody were selected for TS model group,and 8 serum sampled with the lowest concentration of anti-neural antibody were selected for the control group.Osmotic mini pump filled with undiluted TS or control serum were microinfused into the rat striatum at a rate of 0.5 μl /h for 72 h.Stereotypic movements were recorded at 1 d,7 d,14 d and 21 d after microinfusion.Several categories of stereotypy including bites(teeth touching the cage,wood chips,vacuous chewing or other objects except the body),taffy pulling(raises of the forepaw to the mouth and face),self-gnawing,licking not associated with grooming,grooming,head shaking,paw shaking,rearing and episodic utterances(EU)were recorded.Results:The anti-neural antibody serum concentration used for TS model was(0.29±0.06) U/L,and that used in control group was (0.10±0.04) U/L.After infusion of TS sera,stereotypic behaviors in rats was increased significantly[(37.2±7.1) vs.(106.3±11.7),P=0.000].Significant difference were observed in stereotypies scores of TS rats compared to control rats after microinfusion[(106.3±11.7) vs.(31.2±6.2),P=0.000].Conclusion:Stereotypic behaviors are increased in rats after intrastriatal microinfusion of Tourette Syndrome sera under noninflammatory conditions.

Objective To explore perinatal risk factors associated with the neurobehavioral development of small for gestational age (SGA) full-term neonates.Methods This prospective cross-sectional study included 111 full-term newborn infants from Apr 2008 to Apr 2010 born in Yan-tai Yuhuangding Hospital.Detailed clinical data in perinatal period of all subjects were recorded.Infants aged 3 ～ 7 days were assessed with neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) for neurobehavioral development.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore risk factors associated with the score of NBNA.Results Significant differences (P ＜ 0.05) were found between full-term SGA (10.72 ± 1.41,7.13 ± 0.96,7.32 ± 0.74,37.16 ±1.32) and normal neonates (11.27 ± 1.04,7.89 ± 0.72,7.62 ± 0.64,39.12 ± 0.76) in terms of capacity,active and passive muscle tension and NBNA score.Full-term SGA neonates had lower score than control.Univariate logistic regression showed that delivery,placenta abnormalities,umbilical cord abnormalities,infection in perinatal period,gestational hypertension,twin pregnancy,hyperbilirubinemia affected neurobehavioral development of full-term SGA infants.Multivariate logistic regression showed that mothers' infection in perinatal period (OR =2.175,95 ％ CI 1.981 ～ 2.408,P ＜ 0.05),twin pregnancy (OR =1.936,95％ CI 1.517 ～2.368,P ＜ 0.05) and hyperbilirubinemia (OR =1.518,95％ CI 1.072-2.149,P ＜ 0.05) were risk factors for neurobehavioral delay of full-term SGA infants.Conclusion Full-term SGA neonates showed poorer quality in neurobehavior.Risk factors associated with neurobehavior of full-term SGA infants included mothers' infection in perinatal period,twin pregnancy and hyperbilirubinemia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of mescenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation on Tourette syndrome(TS)model rats.MethodsStereotypies can be successfully induced in rats by intrastriatal microinfusion of TS sera.MSC suspension was bilaterally injected into the striatum.Survival and differentiation of transplanted MSC were tested through immunohistochemical analyses.ResultsFlow cytometry results demonstrated that the cells strongly expressed CD29(95.2％ ),CD105(97.2％ ),CD44(96.3％ ) and CD106 (94.1％).TS rats with MSC grafts exhibited significantly decreased stereotypic behaviors at 10 and 14 days(95.5 ±6.6,73.1 ± 6.5 vs.114.1 ± 6.0,108.0 ± 6.4).Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed survival of transplanted MSC and differentiation into neurons and astrocytes in the rat brain.ConclusionIntrastriatal transplantation of human MSC can provide therapeutic potential for TS.

Objective To explore the influence of IFN-? on anti-proliferation and apoptosis of the Caspase-8 silenced neuroblastoma cell line induced by doxorubicin and the influence mechanism.Methods MTT and flow cytometric analysis were used to detect the survival and apoptosis rates before and after the combined treatment of IFN-? and doxorubicin.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of caspase-8 protein before and after the treatment of IFN-?.Results The survival rates of doxorubicin(0.03,0.10,0.30?g/ml)used alone for 24h were(95.62?13.03)%,(82.62?7.94)%,(64.84?9.19)%,IFN-?(10,100,1000U/ml)used alone for 48h were(98.37%?11.25)%,(97.15?5.36)%,(98.84?7.41)%.The survival rates of IFN-?(1000U/ml)combined with different concentration of doxorubicin(0.03,0.10,0.30?g/ml)were significantly lower than that of doxorubicin(0.03,0.10,0.30?g/ml)alone.The apoptosis rate of doxorubicin(0.30?g/ml)alone was(22.00?6.55)%,IFN-?(1000U/ml)alone was (8.22?4.00)%,whereas the apoptosis rate of the combined treatment of IFN-? and doxorubicin wassignificantly higher than that of doxorubicin alone;Immunohistochemical staining showed that caspase-8 protein was negative in SH-SY5Y cell line,whereas it become positiveafter the treatment of IFN-?(1000U/ml)for 48h.Conclusion Treating human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y cell with doxorubicin may induce anti-proliferation and apoptosis.Combined treatment with IFN-? may significantly increase this effect.The mechanism may be realized by upregulating the expression of caspase-8 protein.

The relationship between the expression of resistin in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance was investigated. The plasma resistin concentrations in 35 patients with PCOS and 40 controls were measured by ELISA. Luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and fasting insulin (FIN) were tested by radioimmunoassay. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was determined by oxidase test. Western blot and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) methods were used to detect the expression of resistin in adipose tissues. The levels of plasma resistin, LH, LH/FSH and FIN and HOMA-IR in patients with PCOS were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). Plasma resistin was correlated positively with FPG, FIN, HOMA-IR, LH and LH/FSH (r=0.56, 0.60, 0.65, 0.48, and 0.42 respectively). Resistin protein and mRNA expression levels in patients with PCOS were significantly higher than those in normal tissues (all P<0.01). It was concluded that resistin might be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance of PCOS.

Objective To determine the effect of the modified UW (University of Wisconsin)solution in the treatment of acute renal tubular necrosis in newborn swine. Methods Ten one-week-old newborn swine were used to establish the animal model of acute renal tubular necrosis by clamping their renal arteries,and were divided into two groups: the model group( n = 5 ) and the treatment group ( n = 5 ) in which fructose diphosphate sodium UW solution was used. Sham surgery was performed on other five swine, which were used as the sham group. At 12 h,l d,2 d,3 d and 7 d after the operation,the urine volume,urine protein,blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and creatinine(Cr) were determined. At 12 h ,24 h and 7 d after the operation ,renal pathological examination was conducted. Results The renal pathological examination and the blood biochemistry tests showed that the animal model was successful. BUN and Cr in the model group and the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the sham group at 12 h after operation(P ＜0. 05) ,and they arrived at their peak values at 2 d after operation,showed remarkable decline at 7 d,especially in treatment group,and returned to the level of the sham group. The urine protein in the model group and treatment group were higher than those in the sham group at various times(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01) and it peaked at 1 d after operation,then declining gradually,especially in the treatment group. Compared with the sham group,there were a significant decrease in the urine volume at various times in the model group(P ＜0. 05 or P ＜0. 01 ) ,while in the treatment group,the decrease in the urine volume were significant only at 12 h, 1 d and 2 d( P ＜ 0. 05 ) ,and turned insignificant at 3 d and 7 d. The pathological examination showed that the pathological changes in the treatment group were significantly milder than those in the model group. Conclusion The modified UW solution is effective in reducing the acute renal tubular necrosis in newborn swine.

BACKGROUND:There is often space between implant and bone during immediate implantation.Whether biological membrane is needed to guide bone regeneration remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE:To createdifferent sizes of space between femurand implantsindogs and to observe the effects of biological membrane on bone regeneration capacity of bone defects surrounding implants.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A self-control animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory Animal Center,Norman Bethune College of Medicine,Jilin University and School of Stomatology,Jilin University between March and December 2005.MATERIALS:BLB hydroxyapatite-coated implant was provided by Beijing Leiden Biomaterial Co.,Ltd.,China;BME-10X collagen membrane was purchased from Fujian Better Biotechnology Co..Ltd.,China.METHODS:BLB implants were installed in the bilateral proximal femoral bone to create standard gradient bone defects with horizontal width 3 mm.vertical depth 5 mm,and horizontal lengths of 0,1,2,3,and 4 mm Bone defects on the left femur were sutured directly and those on the right femur were covered with biological membrane prior to suture.All animals were sacrificed at 3 months after surgery.Specimens containing implants were harvested to prepare tissue blocks for radiological observation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The quantity,color,and texture of newly formed bone surrounding implants were observed from the surface and profile levels.The implant-bone integration and new bone formation were also examined by soft X-ray photography.RESULTS:Grossobservation results revealed that when the horizontal length of bone defect was 3 mm or less,there was no significant differenee in bone density between the newly formed bone and the host bone no matter whether biological membrane existed or not;when the horizontal length of bone defect was 4 mm the bone density was better when biological membranes were used than not.Soft X-ray photography results revealed that when the horizontal length ofbone defect was 3 mm or less.no significant difference in bone density and bone trabecular morphology and orientating was found between newly formed bone and host bone no matter whether biological membrane was used or not;in the 4-mm-length bone defect areas.implants contacted with newly formed bone directly,but the calcified degree ofnewly formed bone was poor,bone trabecula was thin,and bone trabecular course was irregular,nevertheless,the calcified degree of newly formed bone was better under the condition of being with biological membrane than without biological membrane.CONCLUSION:Biological membrane exhibits strong capacity to promote the regeneration and repair of bone defect tissue with a horizontal length of 3 mm or less,and plays an important role in repatr of large sizes of bone detect

Objective To explore the effect of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) on left atrial (LA) function by strain rate imaging(SRI). Methods Twenty-three patients with coronary heart disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting were involved. SRI was performed on those patients to evaluate LA function quantitatively at baseline (before CABG),and at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after CABG. Peak strain rate(SR) was measured at each segment (septal, lateral, posterior, anterior, and inferior walls) and mean peak systolic SR (SRs),peak early diastolic SR (SRe) and peak atrial systolic SR (SRa) were calculated by averaging data in each segment. Results Compared with the baseline,LV pre-systolic volume(LAVp), maximal volume (LAVmax), minimal volume (LAVmin), LV active emptying fraction (LAAEF) and passive empting fraction(LAPEF) had on significant differences at 1 week (P >0.05). LAVp,LAVmin,LAVmax and LAAEF decreased gradually after CABG, LAPEF increased gradually after CABG (P <0.05). Compared with the baseline, the peaks of SR curve showed no significant differences at 1 week (P >0.05). Nevertheless,the peaks of SR were increased at systole and early diastole,decreased at atrial contraction at 1 month (P <0.05). Those changes were turned more significantly at 3 months (P 0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) both increased at 1 month and 3 months,and its changing rate correlated inversely with the changing rate of SRa respectively (r = -0.751, -0.783,all P<0.01).Conclusions LA function is affected by CABG, presented as reservoir and pump functions decreased and conduit function increased. SRI can evaluate the atrial function quantitatively and monitor the changing of LA function dynamically after CABG.

Objective To identify predictive factors of survival to in-hospital children with post-cardiorespiratory arrest.Methods Eighty-seven patients who had cardiorespiratory arrest(CRA)and received cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)were reviewed from January 2006 to December 2008.The clinical data was analyzed to identify predictive factors of survival by Pearson X~2 test and multivariate and unconditioned Logistic regression analysis.Results Forty-three of eighty-seven cases received return of spontaneous circulation,the initial sunvival rate was 48.3%,31(35.6%)cases survived for 24 hours,19(21.8%)cases survived to hospital discharge.Primary diseases and complications,the type of arrest,tracheal intubation or not,the duration of CPR,the dose of adrenaline,the body temperature post-resuscitation for 24 hours,the glucose post resuscitation for 6 hours and complications were obviously associated with both initial and long-term survival.Logistic regression analysis revealed that primary diseases and the duration of CPR were predictive factors of both survival for 24 hours and hospital discharge,additionally,the body temperature post-resuscitation for 24 hours were predictive factor of survival to hospital discharge.Conclusion Initial and long-term survival rate of in-hospital children with post-resuscitation was both low.Primary diseases and complications,good quality CPR and management of post-resuscitation affect survival,especially primary diseases and the duration of CPR may predict initial survival and primary diseases,the duration of CPR and the body temperature post-resuscitation for 24 hours may predict long-term survival.