Objective To explore the possible mechanism for KiSSI gene in control gonadotropin - releasing hormone(GnRH)secretion participating in sexual development onset and normal reproduction regulation by investigating the changes in expression of KiSS1,GnRH in hypothalamus and luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),and estradiol(E2 )in serum by using RNA interference mediated by lentivirus - based vectors,after interfering expression of KiSSI. Methods Ninety female Sprague - Dawley rats of 21 days were randomly divided into 3 groups:interference virus group receiving intracerebroventricular injection of KiSSI - microRNA interference lentivirus;lentivi-rus - control group given intracerebroventricular injection of lentivirus without interference effect;9 g/ L saline control group given intracerebroventricular injection of 9 g/ L saline. Ten rats in each group and the animals were sacrificed at 30 - day - old,35 - day - old,45 - day - old,respectively. Then the expressions of KiSSI and GnRH mRNA were detec-ted in the rat hypothalamus with real - time PCR,the LH,FSH,and E2 in serum was examined with chemiluminescence method. Results The levels of KiSSI mRNA in interference virus group were significantly reduced after being infected with recombinant lentivirus compared with those of 9 g/ L saline control group( at 30 d:0. 106 ± 0. 018;at 35 d:0. 218 ± 0. 025;at 45 d:0. 215 ± 0. 033,all P = 0. 000). The level of GnRH mRNA in interference virus group was sig-nificantly reduced after being infected with recombinant lentivirus compared with that of 9 g/ L saline control group(at 30 d:0. 230 ± 0. 040;at 35 d:0. 407 ± 0. 030,all P = 0. 000). The level of LH in interference virus group was lower than the other 2 groups at 35 d[(0. 101 ± 0. 004)IU/ L,P = 0. 467]. The level of FSH in the interference virus group was lower than that of the other 2 groups at 35 d[(0. 235 ± 0. 014)IU/ L,P = 0. 015]. The level of E2 in the interfe-rence virus group was lower than that of the other 2 groups at 35 d and 45 d[at 35 d:(171. 750 ± 11. 050)nmol/ L, P = 0. 000;at 45 d:(192. 310 ± 13. 100)nmol/ L,P = 0. 010]. Conclusions Lentivirus with KiSSI - microRNA can affect the expression of GnRH mRNA and the levels of sex hormone. Lateral cerebral ventricle microinjection of KiSSI -microRNA lentivirus can delay sexual development of Sprague - Dawley female rats.

BACKGROUND: The key to success in laryngeal transplantation is to control the infection. In practice, how to minimize the risk of infection should be considered first, so that the laryngeal allograft can survive after revascularization under the immunosuppressive state. Then the therapeutics methods should be focused on the functional recovery of respiratory, swallowing and phonation.OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of staged allogeneic larynx transplant for dogs in order to decrease the infection rate.METHODS: Ten male conspecific Beagle dogs were assigned into five pairs of donor and receptor according to body mass and the size of larynx. The allogeneic larynx was embedded under the neck skin by allotransplantation. The dogs were treated with immunosuppressant daily to resist immnological rejection. The pharynx and trachea were contraposed after larynx survived to establishⅡstage laryngeal transplantation animal model.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: InⅠstage of laryngeal transplantation, the laryngeal allograft survived well, blood supply was passable. Receptor dog 1 with vertical midline incision in the neck, receptor dogs 4 and 5 with transverse incisions in the neck grew well. No infection phenomena was found in receptor dogs 4 and 5. The lastⅡstage laryngeal transplantation was performed in the 4th week afterⅠstage laryngeal transplantation. Skin flap necrosis occurred in receptor dogs 2 and 3 with U-shape incisions. The donor larynx had different degree infection. Laryngeal allograft of receptor dog 2 died; laryngeal allograft of receptor dog 3 survived after treatment. The survival period of donor larynx in receptors was as long as 4 weeks. These findings indicate that the larynx infection is avoid or reduced by staged larynx transplantation with pre-embed laryngeal allograft after total laryngectomy. The receptor dog is tolerant; the donor larynx is easy to survive. The main histological change occurs in the epithelial mucosae which can be used as an inspect index of immunosuppressive agents. However, glandular organ secretion is a troublesome problem and immunodepressant must be continuously administrated for a long time.

0.05).The mRNA expression of Cyclin B1 of IMRT group was significantly higher than that of ART group at each dose point(P

OBJECTIVE To discuss the surgical methods and their long term efficacy of management of the parotid tumor.METHODS The clinical data of 86 cases with parotid tumor underwent operation between 1997 and 2004 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.There were 53 male and 33 female with their age from 23 to 84 years(mean 57 years old). All the patients underwent superficial parotidectomy or extensive superficial parotidectomyenl or total parotidectomy.Selective or functional neck dissection was carried out in some cases.The function of facial nerve was evaluated after operation in all patients. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed in all malignant cases with a dose of 50 to 70 Gy.The patients were followed-up for 36 to 120 months.RESULTS There were 73 benign cases and 13 malignant cases. Five of 8 malignant tumors were found in deep lobe gland.Only one benign tumor locally recurred.The local- regional control rate of the benign tumor was 98.3%. The 3-year survival rate and local-regional control rate in malignant neoplasm were 69.2 % and 84.6 % respectively.The cervical lymph nodes metastasis rate was 23.1% in postoperative pathologic study.The facial nerve preservation rates were 97.3 % and 69.2 % in benign and malignant cases respectively.CONCLUSION The superficial parotidectomy is the basic surgical method.Extensive superficial parotidectomy or total parotidectomy can be used if necessary.The facial nerve and its branches should be preserved during operation. The malignant tumor is more frequently found in deep lobe of the parotid gland.

The paper is aimed to establish a method of residue analysis for thiamethoxam and to study its degradation dynamic and final residue and its standard of safe application of thiamethoxam on Lonicera japonica. Samples extracted with methanol by ultrasonication were purified with dichloromethane by liquid-liquid extraction and SPE column and analysed by HPLC-UV. The results showed that average rate was 84.91%-94.44% and RSD 1.74%-4.96% with addition of thiamethoxam in respectively diverse concentration, which meets inspection requirement of pesticide residue. Two kinds of dosages of thiamethoxam were treated- varying from recommended dosage (90 g x hm(-2)) to high dosage (135 g x hm(-2)), Results of two years test showed that thiamethoxam was degraded more than 90% seven days after application and the half - life period of thiamethoxam was 1.54-1.66 d. The digestion rate of thiamethoxam was fast in the L. japonica. The recommended MRL of thiamethoxam in the L. japonica is 0.1 mg x kg(-1), the dosage of 25% thiamethoxam WDG from 90-135 g x hm(-2) is sprayed less than three times a year on L. japonica and 14 days is proposed for the safety interval of the last pesticide application's and harvest's date.
Agriculture ; methods ; standards ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flowers ; chemistry ; growth & development ; parasitology ; Half-Life ; Insect Control ; methods ; standards ; Insecticides ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; growth & development ; parasitology ; Neonicotinoids ; Nitro Compounds ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Oxazines ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Pesticide Residues ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Plant Diseases ; parasitology ; prevention & control ; Thiazoles ; adverse effects ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of transnasal endoscopic surgery to treatment of intraorbital space occupying by ethmoidal-lamina papy-racea approach. METHODS The clinical data of 10 cases who underwent intraorbital surgery via transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach from June 2003 and Aug. 2006 were retrospectively studied. The patients included foreign body 1 case, cavernous hemangioma 2 case, lipoma 2 cases, inflammatory pseudotumor 2cases and hematoma 3cases. All intraorbital space occupying were operated by transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach but for one cavernous hemangioma which was dealt with through extra orbitectomy. The inflammatory pseudotumors were prescribed with glucocorticoid after operation.RESULTS Foreign body was removed successfully. One case of cavernous haemangioma was removed completely by transnasal endoscopic surgery and the other by extroorbital operation. All symptoms of proptosis and diplopia disappeared. One vision was enhanced from hand moving to 0.3 and another from light to hand moving. However, there was one hematoma which had been hindered about 14 days after damaged lost eyesight after operation. All cases were cured but one pseudotumor which recurred and was operated again. All cases were followed up 3 to 24 months. CONCLUSION Intraorbital surgery via transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach was available and feasible for the advantages of clear operation field, direct vision operation, less damage, rapid recovery and avoiding of facial scar, and intranasal endoscopic surgery can treat the rhino-orbital related diseases and nasal diseases at the same time.

OBJECTIVETo study changes of left ventricular remodeling (LVR) in hypertension patients with carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) of phlegm-dampness syndrome (PDS).

METHODSDoppler ultrasonography data of CAS were observed in 223 hypertension patients with CAS (as the hypertension group, including 119 patients of the PDS group and 104 of the non-PDS group), 81 CAS patients with non-hypertension, and 19 non-hypertension non-CAS patients (as the control group). The difference in the degree of LVR was compared among the above groups.

RESULTSThe left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), inter ventricular septum thickness (IVS), E/A were higher in the hypertension group than in the non-hypertension group (P < 0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), stroke volume (SV) were higher in the soft plaque hypertension group and the soft plaque non-hypertension group than in the hard plaque group, the thickening intimal group, and the normal intimal group (P < 0.01 , P < 0.05). The LVEDD, LVESD, and SV were higher, and the ejection fraction (EF) was lower in the PDS hypertension group than in the non-PDS hypertension group (all P < 0.05). Of them, LVEDD, LVESD, and SV were higher in the soft plaque group than in the hard plaque group (P < 0.01), the thickening intimal group (P < 0.01) and the normal intimal group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in PDS hypertension between the soft plaque group and the hard plaque group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe hypertension patients with CAS of PDS might be correlated to LVR, and LVR was more obviously in the soft plaque patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography ; Ventricular Remodeling

Objective To assess the local treatment efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(PRFA) in combination with percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI) therapy protocol for liver metastases in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods From February 2000 to February 2004, total of 61 liver metastatic lesions(1.5～7.8 cm) from 37 colorectal cancer patients were ablated by using RF-2000 generator and 10-needle LeVeen electrode percutaneously guided by B-ultrasound.Tumors larger than 2.5 cm in diameter were treated by multiple overlapping radiofrequency ablations encompassing the entire lesion as well as a rim of normal liver tissue(approximately 1.0 cm).PEI was performed additionally.The Chiba needle and Quadra-Fuse multi-pronged injection needle were used for tumors ranged 1～2 cm and for those larger than 3 cm respectively.Results The procedures were performed successfully in all patients.The post-PRFA/PEI complication rate was 5.4%.The follow-up rate was 97.3%(36/37).Thirteen patients achieved a complete response(CR),and 21 achieved a partial response(PR).The effective rate(CR+PR) was 94.4%.The patients' survival rates were 97.2% at 1 year,75.0% at 2 years,and 52.8% at 3 years respectively.Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the treatment protocol of PRFA in combination with PEI was an effective mini-invasive local ablation therapy,which was part of the comprehensive management of the colorectal liver metastases.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic self-expanded metal stent for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction.

METHODSFifty-six cases of gastric outlet obstruction, collected from March 1999 to January 2008, were treated by endoscopic self-expanded metal stents. The success rate, complication rate and survival were evaluated.

RESULTSAmong the 56 cases, the male to female ratio was 33 to 23, and the average age was [65+/-14 (24-86)] years. Seventeen cases were gastric cancer, 4 duodenal carcinoma, 7 peri-ampulla carcinoma, 13 metastasis cancer and 15 presented recurrence after operations. The success rate of stent implantation was 98.2% (55/56). Forty-nine cases (87.5%) could eat liquid food 1-3 days after operations and eat semifluid food 4-9 days later. Forty-two cases (76.4%)could eat normal food after 10-16 days. The main complications included 14.5% of cases with pain, 1.8% with stent shift, 25.5% with bleeding and no one with perforation. Until January 20, 2008, 53 cases (96.4%) had been followed up. The mean survival time was [139+/-15 (14-332)] days, and the median survival time was 135 days. The re-stenosis rate was 5.7%, including 3 cases, happened in 143, 158 and 190 days after the operations respectively, and was successfully treated by second stent implantation.

CONCLUSIONEndoscopic implantation of self-expanded metal stent is a micro-invasive, safe, effective method for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Metals ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Through the experiences in the clinical application of Liu Kai-yun's five-meridian theory of Tuina for children and consulting the relevant literatures, the following academic features of Tuina for children in western Hunan district are summarized in this paper: selecting the acupoints according to the pattern/syndrome differentiation and giving the treatment according to the meridian tropism theory; emphasizing the property of the body constitution and applying the reinforcing and reducing techniques; exquisitely combining the acupoints based on the five-meridian theory; coordinating the opening and closing techniques and regulating yin and yang. All of those provided the reference for the theoretic application of this Tuina school.
Acupuncture Points ; China ; Female ; Fever ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Massage ; education ; Meridians