1.Modified triptic soy-serum-bacitracin-vancomycin (TSBV) medium in isolation of Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitants
Journal of Practical Medicine 2002;435(11):34-36
A modified TSBV medium has been prepared in Vietnam. This procedure was simple, unexpensive and easy to implement in the microbial laboratories. The medium inhibited most of microbials in the stoma and facilitated the good development of actino bacillus actinomycetem comitants
microbiology
;
Stomas
2.Bacterial diversity of the abandoned Mamut Copper Mine in Sabah, Malaysia and its correlation with copper contamination
Yi Yik Low ; Grace Joy Wei Lie Chin ; Collin Glen Joseph ; Baba Musta ; Kenneth Francis Rodrigues
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2020;16(5):414-424
Aims:
The former Mamut Copper Mine, acid mine drainage site represents an anthropogenic altered landscape
characterized by its acidic topsoil which is contaminated primarily with copper. Even though the mining operation was
ceased at 1999, the bacterial diversity in this area has never been investigated. This study was conducted to ascertain
the bacterial diversity of this abandoned copper mine and correlate it to the copper concentration in the soil.
Methodology and results:
Soil samples were collected from 7 sites near the mine pit and the vicinity. Soil samples
were assessed for soil copper elemental concentration using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
and bacteria were isolated via serial dilution followed by culture on nutrient agar plates. Phylogenetic analysis was done
based on the full-length sequences of 16S rRNA gene. Twenty-four phylotypes were obtained from the 7 locations which
originated from the phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. The results of the study
indicated that site 2 (6.030223°; 116.658030°), located in between the mine pit and the mine factory with a copper
concentration of 88.96 ppm, possessed the most diverse bacterial community with a Shannon diversity index (H) of 1.68,
evenness (EH) of 0.94 and richness (S) of 6.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study
Current study revealed that there was a positive correlation between
the copper concentration and the H index and the richness, but this was not reflected in the evenness. This is the first
report of bacterial diversity from the former Mamut Copper Mine site. The data provided a valuable insight for the future
monitoring of the bacterial community in this ecologically important niche.
Soil Microbiology
3.Effect of symbiotic bee fungus on survival of stingless bee Heterotrigona itama larvae
Nurul Izdihar Razali ; Nur Aliya Suhada Ahmad Nordin ; Nur Hannani Mohd Ridzuan ; Shamsul Bahri Abdul Razak ; Fatimah Hashim ; Mohd Nizam Lani ; Wan Bayani Wan Omar ; Ehsan Abdul Rahman ; Wahizatul Afzan Azmi
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2022;18(2):154-162
Aims:
Symbiotic bee fungus associated with the stingless bee larval food has been revealed to play a major role in performing a mutual relationship with the host. The fungus is believed capable to produce crucial nutrients that are required for larval pupation. However, detailed information on the fungus identification isolated from the larval food of our native Indo-Malaya stingless bee, Heterotrigona itama (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is poorly understood. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the effect of fungus isolated from the stingless bee larval food on the survival of H. itama larvae and identify the isolated fungus using both morphological and molecular analyses.
Methodology and results:
Elisa plates designed with F-bottom type were used as artificial brood cells in a controlled condition. The eggs transferred to Elisa plates were kept in the incubator with 75%-100% humidity and 25 ± 2.5 °C of temperature. This study carried out in three different treatments: (1) microbes-free larval food, (2) fresh larval food and (3) microbes-free larval food with fungus supplement. Results showed that the survival of H. itama larvae depends on the presence of beneficial fungus with the highest survival rate (Treatment 2 = 85.71%). The absence of the beneficial fungus in the fluid food of H. itama showed the lowest survival rate (Treatment 1 = 37.14%). Microscopy analysis showed that the fungus had various forms, including unconjugated asci, round-shaped ascospore and pseudohyphae. The molecular characterisation of the isolated fungi was performed using 23S rRNA gene sequencing using universal primers ITS1 and ITS4. DNA barcoding of three isolated fungi confirmed all isolated fungi matched Panus lecomtei (Basidiomycetes; Poriales; Polyporaceae) with 99.70% of similarity.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study
This study provides information on the importance of whitish fungus in appearance that existed in the brood cell, which is proposed to be the crucial component of in-vitro stingless bee queen rearing protocol.
Bees--microbiology
4.Molecular, biochemical, and phenotypic characterization of a newly isolated Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis strain associated with diarrhea cases in Iraq
Aamal Ghazi Mahdi Al-Saadi ; Aalaa Fahim Abbas
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2020;16(6):462-468
Aims:
The current study aimed to isolate and characterize bacterial strains associated diarrhea with the focus on
Enterobacter species strains and test for susceptibility to antibiotics.
Methodology and results:
A total of 400 stool samples from inpatients suffering from diarrhea in Al-Qasim Hospital at
Al-Hilla City of Iraq were screened form January 2018 to January 2019. Phenotypic, molecular, and biochemical
methods were used to identify the isolated bacteria. A new strain of Enterobacter hormaechei was obtained from two
stool samples of inpatients suffering from diarrhea for more than two weeks. This strain is Gram negative, rod shaped,
and facultative anaerobic. Multiple sequence alignment analysis and phylogenetic tree construction of the sequenced
16S rRNA gene of the isolated strain suggested that this strain can be identified as E. hormaechei subsp.
xiangfangensis, named as E. hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis strain AA1. This strain was resistant to augmentin,
ampicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefixime, ticracillin/clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, streptomycin, erythromycin,
amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol, while it was susceptible to meropenem along with imipenem.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study
In the present study, E. hormaechei subsp xiangfangensis was
isolated for the first time in Iraq and was resistant to most of the tested antibiotics, making it an etiologic agent that is not
easy to be treated.
Diarrhea--microbiology
5.Intestinal microorganisms and allergic diseases.
Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 2014;28(5):351-355
According to the 'hygiene hypothesis', the intestinal microbes would not only regulate local immune status, but also affect systematic immune homeostasis, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. This review will mainly focus on investigating the intricate relationships among intestinal microbes, immune system and allergic diseases. Multiple factors affecting gut microorganisms may influence the immune homeostasis directly and later become risk factors of allergic diseases. This point of view may pave the way for the design of new interventions to the diseases.
Humans
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Hypersensitivity
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microbiology
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Intestines
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microbiology
6.Identification of Coptis chinensis root rot disease pathogenic Fusarium spp. fungi.
Xiao-Li WU ; Yu WANG ; Fei LIU ; Da-Xia CHEN ; Long-Yun LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2020;45(6):1323-1328
Root rot disease is vital disease of Coptis chinensis, it has bursted in most producing area in recent years, and has caused severe damage. To identify the pathogenic fungi, Fusarium spp. fungi were isolated from rot root, of which the pathogenic fungi were screened with inoculation on C. chinensis root and plant, and identified with molecular and morphological method. The 20 Fusarium spp. fungi were obtained, of which 5 displayed high pathogenicity. It was deduced that F. oxysporum, F. solani and F. tricinctum were the pathogen, possibly pioneer pathogen of C. chinensis root rot disease. Among which F. oxysporum was dominant and deserved to pay more attention. High temperature and high humidity can increase pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. So the global climate warming may lead to temperature rising of C. chinensis producing area and favor the pathogen fungi, which may be one of the main factors leading to bursting of C. chinensis root rot disease. To control the root rot, beside developing and using pesticide, producing base should be moved to a high altitude area.
Coptis/microbiology*
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Fusarium/pathogenicity*
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Plant Diseases/microbiology*
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Plant Roots/microbiology*
7.Cryptococcosis of liver: report of a case.
Meinan NIE ; Yaqi MA ; Aijun LIU
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2014;43(7):485-486
8.Relationship between oral and gut microbes.
West China Journal of Stomatology 2017;35(3):322-327
Oral cavity and gut are important parts of the human digestive tract. The structure and pathogenesis of oral and gut microbial communities have been extensively investigated. The interaction and pathogenic effects of oral and gut microbiota have also been widely explored. This review aimed to integrate data from literature and discuss the structures and functions of microbial communities in the oral cavity and gut. The mutual colonization and pathogenesis of oral and gut microbes and the relationship between these phenomena and involved systemic diseases are also described.
Gastrointestinal Tract
;
microbiology
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Humans
;
Microbiota
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Mouth
;
microbiology
9.Fungal rhinosinusitis.
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 2005;40(3):236-240
Fungi
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Humans
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Rhinitis
;
microbiology
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Sinusitis
;
microbiology
10.Prevention of infectious diseases through microecology modulation techniques.
Hui WANG ; Di KANG ; Xue-Dong ZHOU ; Yu-Qing LI
West China Journal of Stomatology 2018;36(5):564-567
The microbe is small in volume, but large in quantity and species. The symbiotic microbe, which is far more than human cells, code millions times of genes than human being. Somatic cells and these symbiotic microbe distributing in human body skin, respiratory tract, oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract and other parts form a complex ecosystem whose dynamic balance is highly related to body health. With the successful implementation of Human Microbiome Project, more attentions have been paid to the next generation microbiome technologies. New tools and methods for ecological regulation of human microbiome are emerging. The way we improve the world of human microbiology will be more convenient. This paper will make a review on the modulation techniques of human microbiome.
Humans
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Microbiota
;
Mouth
;
microbiology
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Skin
;
microbiology