Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GISTs) are a new recognized tumor entity. The incidence increases with time for the greater awareness of GISTs. Latest reports of the epidemiology of GISTs have been collected and sorted. Besides, it is still a controversy on the management of GISTs. While surgical en-bloc resection is the treatment of choice, imatinib is still optimal for patients with recurrent or metastatic GISTs. Preliminary promising effects have been showed on neo-adjuvant and post-operational adjuvant therapies. Imatinib-resistant GISTs become common and more targeted medication have been investigated and tested.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Incidence

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor of plasma cells that remains incurable.More attentions have been lately directed to the immunotherapy,which has proven benefits in eradicating minimal residual disease of MM,reducing relapse and improving patients' overall survival.Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a tumor associated antigen of MM,and has attracted increasing interest as a potential target for MM immunotherapy.In addition,MUC1-based vaccines have quickly entered human clinical trials,and some promising responses have been reported.Here,an up-to-date review of MUC1-based immunotherapy of MM is given.

Objective To study the characteristic differences using CTs and MRIs between intracranial hemangiopericytomas (HPCs)and meningiomas of different pathological type.Methods 8 cases of HPC and 5 1 cases of meningioma approved by patholo-gy were selected.All cases underwent MRIs,CTs and enhancements before operation.The imaging characteristics of these tumors were analyzed with chi-square test.Results Compared with atypical meningioma,tumor bleeding(χ2 = 1 1.484),blood vessel flow void phenomenon(χ2 =8.571),skull damage(χ2 =5.529)showed remarkably significant statistical differences(P <0.05);compared with malignant meningioma,tumor bleeding(χ2 =1 1.484),blood vessel flow void phenomenon(χ2 = 1 1.429)showed remarkably significant statistical differences(P <0.05).Conclusion There are differences between HPC and meningiomas of different pathologi-cal type.It is helpful to improve the diagnosis level through comparative analysis of the MRI and CT findings.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of mild hypothermia on neuron specific enolase (NSE) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum of patients with large-area cerebral infarction.Methods160 cases with large-area cerebral infarction were divided into the treatment group and control group with 80 cases in each group. Patients of the control group were treated with routine therapy. Those of the treatment group were added with mild hypothermia therapy (MHT). The scores of NIHSS were assessed and NSE and SOD in serum were examined before treatment and 7, 14 and 30 days after treatment in two groups.ResultsThe NIHSS score of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05), and NSE level decreased, SOD vitality increased in the treatment group. Other indexes such as respiratory, pulse, serum kalium and etc of two groups were not different ( P>0.05).ConclusionMHT can improve he nerve function of patients with large-area cerebral infarction recovering and improve prognosis.

Objective To explore the effects of miRNA-218 on renal cell carcinoma of nude mice in vivo.Methods The pcDNA3.1-miR-218 and its control negative plasmids were stably transfected into renal cell carcinoma cell line A498 and 769-P.These cells were inoculated into nude mice in different groups to observe the changes of body and tumor and to detect the expression of miR-218 in the tissues of nude mice.Results In the A498 cells + pcDNA3.1-miR-218 transfected group,the weight loss of tumor bearing nude mice after 25 days was lower than that in the control group,and the tumor volume was smaller than that in the control group after 10 days (P ＜ 0.05).In the 769-P cells + pcDNA3.1-miR-218 transfected group,the weight loss of tumor bearing nude mice was lower than that in the control group after 19 days,and the tumor volume was smaller than that in control group after 10 days (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of miRNA-218 in bearing nude mice with A498 cells or 769-P cells transfected by miRNA-218 was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Up-regulation of miRNA-218 expression can inhibit the growth of renal cell carcinoma of nude mice in vivo.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of epirubicin (EPI) and gemcitabine (GEM) alternating sequential intravesical chemotherapy after transurethral resection in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Methods 240 patients with primary non-muscle invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma were randomly divided into 2 groups.There were 120 cases for each group,EPI group was given EPI 50 mg (once a week),bladder perfusion,while the EPI+GEM group was given EPI 50 mg (once every other week),GEM 1000 mg (once every other week),alternating sequential perfusion.The follow-up time ranged from 6 to 24 months when the time of tumor recurrence and adverse reactions of chemotherapy were observed and recorded.Results The 2-year tumor free survival rate for EPI group recurrence was 60.0 ％ (72/120),and 75.0 ％ (90/120) for EPI+GEM group.There were statistical significance between the differences of the 2 groups (x2 =5.489,P ＜ 0.05).3 cases in EPI group and 2 cases in EPI+GEM group progressed to muscle invasive bladder cancer,and there was no statistical significance between the differences of bladder cancer progression rates for the 2 groups (2.5 ％ and 1.7 ％) (x2 =0.000,P ＜ 0.05).The main adverse reaction during the treatment was gastrointestinal discomfort (15 cases and 6 cases respectively),no serious haematological toxicity and other adverse reactions were frequent urination,urgency,dysuria and hematuria.The differences between the occurrence rates of adverse reactions for the 2 groups were 25.0 ％ and 11.7 ％,which were statistically significant (x2 =6.252,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma,the curative effect is better to use EPI and GEM sequential intravesical chemotherapy than to use EPI alone,which can not only reduce the 2 years recurrence rate after the operation,but also reduce the incidence rate of adverse reactions.Yet,this method cannot change the progress of bladder cancer.

Objective To construct a stable expression plasmids miR-218,to lay the experimental foundation for the expression and mechanism of miR-218 in human renal cell carcinoma.Methods The primers were designed by Has-miR-218 and the miR-218 fragment were amplified by PCR,and then which was connected with the carrier pcDNA3.1 (+) to build a stable expression plasmids.The recombinant plasmids were trasfected into renal cell carcinoma cell line 769-P,and the expression of miR-218 in these cells were detected.Results The plasmids were constructat successfully,which was determind by enzyme digestion and sequencing results.The constructed expression plasmids pcDNA3.1-miR-218 transfection of human renal cell carcinoma cell line 769-P,miR-218 cxpression level of cells was significantly increased after trasfected by recombinant plasmids carrying miR-218 gene (relative expression quantity was 1.64).Conclusion The miR-218 expression plasmids pcDNA3.1-miR-218 were successfully constructed,the plasmids can be applied to the study of miR-218 function and mechanism in renal cell carcinoma.

The amount of the research-oriented graduates is increasing in affiliated hospitals of medical universities.To create an effective training model can not only help students to succeed but also contribute great to the research level of hospitals.In this study,we summarized our experience,such as individualized teaching,the unity of thinking and performing,words and deeds as well as unity of clinic and research on the formation of research ideas,attitudes and styles.Based on our experiences we hope to provide meaningful methods for the training of medical graduates.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; chemically induced ; Iodipamide ; adverse effects

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of body weight related index and to explore the relationship between weight related index and cardiovascular diseases in rural residents in Yunnan Province. Methods By random cluster sampling method,rural residents were selected in Yunnan Province. The data were collected by face-to-face questionnaire and medical examination. Results 4070 rural residents in Yunnan participated in this study. The survey results showed that gender,age,education level and ethnicity affected both the distribution of body weight related index and low body weight,overweight,obesity,and central obesity(P < 0.05). Compared with low body weight,non overweight,non obesity and non central obesity group,non low body weight,overweight,obesity and central obesity group had higher prevalence rate of hypertension(P < 0.01). Among central obesity group,the prevalence rate of coronary heart disease was higher than non central obesity group(P < 0.01). Conclusion The distribution of body weight related index in rural residents of Yunnan province showed some special characteristic. The overweight,obesity,and central obesity were related to cardiovascular diseases. Change unhealthy living habits or behavior as well as improving their cultural quality have effects on controlling body weight related index and help to reduce the prevalence rates of overweight,obesity and central obesity which can further reduce the prevalence rates of cardiovascular diseases.