Objective:to investigate the status ofpatients with genitourinarytract infection caused byUreaplasma urealyticum(Uu)and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh),and its drug susceptibility and resistance in Chongqing.Methods:The genitourinary tract samples from 8 494 doubtful patients with mycoplasma infection were cultured and the susceptibility of the disease to 10 routine antibiotics was measured by mycoplasma cultivation,identification and drug susceptibility integration kit.Results:In the results of mycoplasma cultivation of 8 494 doubtful cases,2 735 cases were positive(32.2%),and 2 239 of them were simple Uu infection(26.4%),and 29 cases were simple Mh infection(0.3%)and 467 cases were double infection(5.5%).The results ofsusceptibilitytest showed that the sensitivityofUu toMinocycline,Deoxycycline,Clarithromycin,Azithromycin,JosamycinandRoxithromycinwas96.4%,95.4%,94.4%,87.1%,74.2%,and 73.3%,respectively,but tospectinomycin was 6.5%.Otherwise,the sensitivityofMh toDeoxycycline,Minocycline,Josamycin and Lincomycin was 100%,96.6%,96.6%,86.2% respectively,but toRoxithromycin,Azithromycin,Clarithromycin was 0%,0%,3.4% respectively.The double infection was the most sensitive to Minocycline and Deoxycycline,then to Josamycin,and the sensitivity was 92.1%,89.7% and 61.2%,respectively,but the sensitivityofittoRoxithromycin,Azithromycin,Clarithromycin,andSpectinomycinwas3.9%,5.2%,8.6%,and9.4%respectively.Conclusion:Mycoplasma is one of the main pathogen in genitourinary tract non-gonococcus inflammation,especially Uu infection.The therapy of mycoplasma infection should depress the production ofdrugresistant strain bythe reasonable adoption ofantibiotics accordingtothe results of susceptibilitytest.

Objective To understand the antimicrobial resistance of common clinical pathogens to antimicrobial disks containing different ratios of cefoperazone/sulbactam,so as to provide basis for rational application of cefoper-azone/sulbactam in clinic.Methods 1 141 pathogens isolated from clinical specimens in a hospital in the first half year of 2014 were collected,disk diffusion method was adopted to detect antimicrobial activity of two kinds of cef-operazone/sulbactam disks (70/35 μg and 75/75 μg).Results Of 1 141 pathogenic strains,675 (59.16%)were En-terobacteriaceae,447 (39.18%)were non-fermentative bacteria,and 19 (1 .66%)were other gram-negative bacilli. Resistance rates of pathogens to 70/35μg and 75/75 μg cefoperazone/sulbactam antimicrobial disks were as follows:extended-spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli (n=221)were 7.69% and 2.26% respective-ly,ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=92)10.87% and 3.26% respectively,imipenem-resistant Acineto-bacter baumannii (IRAB,n=295)54.92% and 11 .19%respectively;there were significant differences in antimicrobial activity between two ratios of antimicrobial disks(P <0.05).While antimicrobial resistance rates of ESBLs-negative Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli ,n = 135;Klebsiella pneumoniae ,n =98),imipenem-sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii (ISAB,n=51),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=48 ),and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n=22)were not significantly different (all P >0.05).Conclusion Antimicrobial activity of two different ratios of cefoperazone/sulbactam antimicrobial disks to ESBLs-producing Enterobacteriaceae and IRAB is different,attention should be paid to ratios of cefoperazone/sulbactam during the treatment ,so as to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the effects of application of gauze packing oppression in severe liver trauma therapy.Methods Clinical data of gauze packing oppression treated 18 patients with severe liver laceration were retrospectively analysized,with gauze packing oppression,postoperative hemostatic,antibiotic therapy and nutritional support,a t 5 -7 d began plucking gauze,12 -14 d after pulling,no bleeding wounds gradually healed. Results 17 cases were cured,1 died,the cure rate of 95%,the cause of death as multiple injuries caused by the merger of multiple organ failure;postoperative pull gauze(or bandage)again bleeding in 6 cases,2 cases of secondary hemorrhage,the drug was difficult to control again laparotomy to stop bleeding;after 4 cases of subphrenic effusion, infection,complicated with biliary fistula in 5 cases,liver abscess in 2 cases,3 cases of abdominal infection,wound infection in 3 cases.Conclusion For patients with severe liver rupture gauze packing to stop bleeding is still simple and effective ways to deal under an emergency situation for the hospital,both a method of treatment,but also packing oppression to stop bleeding temporarily for processing and then sent to a higher level hospital completely win time,can effectively reduce the mortality and reduce complications.

[Objective] Domestic literatures on misdiagnosis of osteonecrosis of femoral head(OFH)in the past 15 years are reviewed to distinguish OFH from other 9 similar diseases.The symptoms in early,middle and late stages of OFH are similar to other diseases,which is easy to be misdiagnosed as OFH.Pathological changes in different hip joint diseases have different specific performances.Careful and discriminative diagnosis is important in clinical practice.

Objective To study the value of 5% glucose irrigation for dissection surface hemostasis in laparoscopic conservative treatment of tubal pregnancy. Methods Clinical parameters including numbers of failure in oviduct sparing, the postoperative intraperitoneal bleeding, persistent pregnancy, recurrent tubal pregnancy on the same side and normal uterine pregnancy were compared between the Experimental Group (glucose irrigation for dissection surface hemostasis; 43 cases) and the Control Group (unipolar electrocogulation hemostasis; 43 cases). Results We failed to reserve the oviduct in 10 patients in the Control Group (10/43, 23%) and in no patients in the Experimental Group (0/43) ( ? 2 =11 316, P =0 001). Recurrent tubal pregnancy on the same side was observed in 2 cases in the Control Group (2/34, 6%) and in no cases in the Experimental Group (0/34), without significant differences ( P =0 175). No postoperative intraperitoneal bleeding or persistent pregnancy was seen in both of the groups. Normal uterine pregnancy rates were 44 1% (15/34) in the Experimental Group and 40.0% (10/25) in the Control Group, without significant differences between the two groups ( ? 2 =0 100, P =0 752). Conclusions Use of 5% glucose irrigation is superior to electrocogulation for dissection surface hemostasis in the treatment of tubal pregnancy.

Objective To observe the association of vesicular glutamate transporter of typeⅠ (VGluT1 ) like immunoreactive(LI) ,the differentiation-associated Na+ dependent inorganic phosphate cotransporter(DNPI) LI and glutami cacid decarboxy lase(GAD) LI terminals with GABAA receptor ?3 subunit(GABAAR ?3) LI neurons in mesencephalic trige minal nucleus of the rat.Methods Triple immun of luorescencehis to chemical staining technique and confo call aser scanning micros copy were used.Results Alargenumber of neuronal cell bodies showed GABAA R?3 LI immunoreactivity atallrostrocaudal level softhe Vme ,and most of GABAAR ?3 LI cells were large (2 5 5 0 ?m)pseudouni polarneurons.The dense VGluT1 LI,DNPL LI and GAD LIterminal sdistri buted widelyin Vme ,some VGlu T1 DNPI LI and GAD LIterminals surrounded the somata of the GABAAR ?3 LI Vmeneurons ,and made close contacts with them .Conclusion Proprioceptive sensory signals from the or of acialregionmight be modulated at the level of the primary afferent cell bodies in the Vme both by glutamatergic and GABAergic axonal terminals from other brain areas,and the effect of GABAergic terminals might be mediated by post synaptical GABAA receptors .

Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia) ; genetics ; Enteral Nutrition ; adverse effects ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Multivariate Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Premature Birth ; Risk Factors ; Transfusion Reaction

Objective To explore the significance of negative expiratory pressure technique in detecting expiratory flow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Methods Negative expiratory pressure technique was performed in 13 special COPD patients who did not accomplish routine pulmonary function tests. Results Negative expiratory pressure technique was executed successfully in 13 special COPD patients without any side-effects. Expiratory flow limitation was detected in 12 special COPD patients. 5-point expiratory flow limitation score was significantly correlated with Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnea score, which was a predictor of dyspnea. Conclusions Negative expiratory pressure technique provides a test which is simple, rapid, noninvasive and does not require any initiative cooperation from the patients, it can be applied in special COPD patients who can not accomplish routine pulmonary function tests.

OBJECTIVETo explore the impact and effect mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on oocyte quali ty in the patients with infertility of kidney deficiency pattern.

METHODSSixty-six cases differentiated as kidney de ficiency and with in vitro fertilization-embryo transplantation (IVF-ET), aged fromnt 35 to 42 years were rando- mized into an observation group and a control group, 33 cases in each one. The IVF-ET therapy of the long proto- col with gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist was adopted in the two groups. In the observation group. on the 5th day of menstruation in IVF cycle, EA was applied to Sanyinjiao (SP 6). Zigong (EX CA 1), Zhongji (CV 3) and Guanyuan (CV 4). In the control group, the sham-acupuncture was applied to the same acupoints. The treatment was given once every two days till the date of egg collection and the needles were retained for 30 min each time. The change in the score of kidney deficiency syndrome, the high-quality oocyte rate, the high-quality embryo rate and clinical pregnant rate were observed in the two groups. The levels of insulin-like growth factor-i (IGF-1) and IGF-2 in follicular fluid and the serum β-endorphin β-EP) on the date of egg collection and the correlation with oocyte quality were compared bIetween the two groups.

RESULTS1) In the observation group, the kidney deficiency syndrome score after treatment was reduced apparently as compared with that before treatment (P<0. 05), the score after treatment in the observation group was reduced much more apparently as compared with the control group (P<0.05). 2) The high-quality egg rate and the high-quality embryo rate in the observation group were both higher than those in the control group [81.3% (161/198) vs 57.6% (98/170), 59.8% (58/97) vs 37.7% (26/69), both P<0.05]. 3) Compared with the control group. the levels of IGF-1 and IGF-2 in follicular fluid and serum β-EP on the day of egg collection were all increased obviously in the observation group (all P<0. 05). 4) The levels of IGF-1 and IGF-2 in follicular fluid and serum β-EP presented the linear positive correlation with the high-quality egg rate.

CONCLUSIONEA effectively improves the expressions of IGF in follicular fluid and serum β-EP, increases the high-quality egg rate and high-quality embryo rate and relieves the symptoms of kidney deficiency.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; beta-Endorphin ; metabolism

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF ?) is a pro inflammatory cytokine produced primarily by mononuclear phagocytes in blood and different tissues. Current data indicate that adult myocytes can also produce TNF ? in the course of various heart diseases, such as congestive heart failure, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, and septic cardiomyopathy. Elevated TNF ? is considered to be contributive to the pathophysiology of these diseases. Methods concerning anti TNF ? therapy and their clinical application are the on going investigations.