Replacement therapy with plasma derived or recombinant F Ⅷ (rFⅧ) concentrates is only effective way to treat hemophilia A.Currently,the first,second and third generation rFⅧ are commercially available.Of the three products,the third generation rFⅧ products are best,because of no additional human or animal plasma proteins at any period.The use of rFⅧ concentrates has greatly improved the safety of replacement therapy in hemophilia A and reduced the risk of blood-borne pathogen transmission.In this article we review the current knowledge about the three rF Ⅷ concentrates,analyzing their main characteristic and their clinical hemostatic efficacy and safety.

A series of innovations in EMP teaching have been carried out in the 7-year-program clinical medicine from such aspects as curriculum design,teaching methodology and strategies,form of examination and establishment of an open teaching system.This paper is to compare the 5 language skills before and after the innovation.

OBJECTIVETo search for an optimal protocol and freezing conditions for the cryopreservation of microamount round spermatids of the mouse.

METHODSWe compared the survival rates of frozen-thawed microamount round spermatids of the mouse achieved by vitrification or standard slow freezing with different concentrations of glycerol (5, 7, or 9%) and different lengths of equilibrium time (0, 15, 30, 45, or 60 min).

RESULTSUnder the conditions of 7% glycerol and 30 min equilibrium, both vitrification and standard slow freezing achieved high survival rates of spermatids, and the former obtained an even higher rate than the latter ([72.9 ± 15.4]% vs [58.2 ± 17.7]%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONA high rate of frozen-thawed microamount round spermatids of the mouse can be achieved by vitrification under the conditions of 7% glycerol and 30 min equilibrium.

Animals ; Cell Survival ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Cryoprotective Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Glycerol ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Spermatids ; Time Factors ; Vitrification ; drug effects

Objective To study the changes of cerebral haemodynamics in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) treated with Shengmai injection compared with citicoline,and explore the clinical interventions of Shengmai injection on HIE.Methods Fifty patients with HIE were randomized into 2 groups: shengmai group treated with Shengmai injection(n=30),and citicoline group treated with citicoline(n=20).The haemodynamic parameters included peak systolic flow velocity(PSFV),end-diastolic flow velocity(EDFV),pulsation index(PI) and resistance index(RI) of anterior and middle cerebral artery were detected by color Doppler ultrasound before treatment and on 7~(th) day after treatment respectively.Control group(n=50) compared with the two groups.Results PSFV,PDFV and RI of HIE patients were significantly lower than those of control group(P

Objective To study the relationship among insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3(IGFBP-3) and birth weight, length and placental weight and to discuss the endocrine factors which affected fetal growth by assaying levels of IGF-1、IGFBP-3 in umbilical cord serum.Methods The neonates were divided into appropriate for gestational age infant(AGA) and small for gestational age infant(SGA) according to birth weight and gestation. The birth weight, length and placental weight of neonates were measured and at meantime the levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were assayed by immunoradiometric assay.Results 1.There were 105 neonates, including 79 AGA and 26 SGA. There were significantly statistical differences in birth weight, length and placental weight (all, P

Humans ; Liver ; injuries ; surgery

Objective To study the clinical significance of dynamic determination of serum CRP,IL-6 and fibrinogen(Fib) levels in unstable angina pectoris (UAP) patients.Methods 162 UAP patients were selected as UAP group(including 52 cases of low risk group,53 cases in medium risk group and 57 cases in high risk group),58 healthy people were selected as control group.The CRP,IL-6 and Fib contents were observed in UAP patients after cardiac events.Results At discharge,CRP,IL-6,Fib in UAP low risk group were (3.47 ±0.55)mg/L,(10.38 ± 1.57) ng/L,(1.64 ± 0.65) g/L,which were significantly lower than the admission contents [(6.50 ±0.87) mg/L,(14.35 ± 1.22) ng/L,(3.01 ± 0.28) g/L] (t =2.761,2.945,2.118,P =0.028,0.003,0.031).CRP,IL-6,Fib levels in the medium risk group were (6.87±0.75) mg/L,(14.35 ± 1.02) ng/L,(2.26 ± 0.33) g/L,which were significantly lower than the admission contents [(9.21±1.03) mg/L,(19.24±1.58) ng/L,(4.15 ±0.47) g/L] (t =2.985,3.157,3.548,P =0.003,0.001,0.000).CRP,IL-6,Fib levels in the high risk group were (8.71 ±0.84) mg/L,(17.37 ± 1.26) ng/L,(4.67 ±0.85) g/L,which were significantly lower than the admission contents [(12.48 ± 1.24) mg/L,(25.13 ± 1.84) ng/L,(7.28 ± 0.64) g/L] (t =3.472,4.018,5.097,P =0.000,0.000,0.000).Six months after hospital discharge,in CRP,IL-6,Fib elevated groups,the incidence rates of cardiac event were 40.20％,40.35％ and 47.50％,which were significantly higher than those in normal group (5.0％,4.17％,14.29％,x2 =23.655,2.211,14.442,P=0.000,0.000,0.000).Conclusion CRP,IL-6 and Fib levels in UAP patients were significantly higher than those in healthy people,and with remission,contents would be lower,which was the index to reflect the severity of UAP,but its specificity is bad,need to use caution.

This paper summarize the perioperative nursing of 12 newborns with thyroglossal cyst. The preoperative nursing measures focused on prone position,gastric tube feeding,close monitoring of vital signs and tracheal intubation as needed. If the TeSO2 was normal,oxygen therapy was not recommended. After the operation,continuously monitoring vital signs,respiratory care and use of sedatives as needed were carried out. As a result,all of the 12 infants recovered and discharged.

Objective To explore the levels of neuron-specific enolase(NSE)in serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) of children with convulsion,and its significance to the diagnosis of neuronal damage was evaluated.Methods Sixty patients were enrolled,and they were divided into 4 groups:non-nervous system disease group,peripheral nervous system disease group,brief convulsion group,and prolonged/status convulsion group.The levels of NSE in serum and CSF were detected in 4 groups,and the electroencephalography(EEG) and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging(CT/MRI) examinations were taken to observe the changes in patients with convulsion.Results The levels of NSE in serum and CSF of children with convulsion increased significant,especially in the prolonged/status convulsion group.Changes of NSE levels in serum and CSF were similar.Meanwhile,significant changes were found in EEG between the brief convulsion group and prolonged/status convulsion group;but no significantly changes were found in CT/MRI between the 2 groups.Conclusions NSE detection might be valuable to the diagnosis for neuronal damage in early time.The changes of NSE levels are similar to those in EEG,which are more sensitive than the changes in CT/MRI.It is very important to combine the NSE detection in serum or CSF and EEG examination in early time after convulsion for judgement to the neuronal damage and prognosis.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of S100A9-induced secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)by monocytes.Methods Peripheral blood specimen were collected from healthy individuals undergoing physical exami-nation and the CD14 + monocytes were purified by using immunomagnetic beads and the expression of the receptor for advanced gly-cation endproducts (RAGE)was detected by flow cytomertry.In vitro CD14 + monocytes were stimulated by S100A9,and anti-RAGE antibody or NK-κB signal pathway inhibitor were pre-incubated for 1 hour and then stimulated by S100A9,the levels of VEGF-A were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The high level of RAGE was expressed by isolated CD14 + monocytes,after S100A9 stimulation,the secretion of VEGF-A by CD14 + monocytes was significantly increased in a dose and time dependent manner.However,the inducing VEGF-A was significantly decreased(P <0.01 ),while pre-treated with anti-RAGE antibody or NK-κB inhibitor (P <0.01).Conclusion S100A9 inducing the secretion of VEGF-A by monocytes and is de-pended on RAGE-NK-κB signal pathway,suggesting that S100A9 might promote angiogenesis.