Objective To investigate expression of Fos protein in rat brains following restraint stress. Methods The experimental rats were restrained in a small plastic tub for,1,3 and 6 hours,and were sacrificed at 30 min after removing restraint.Immunohistochemical ABC method was used to observe distribution of Fos protein-like immunoreactive(-LI)products in rats brain.Results Fos-LI neurons appeared in (1)Frontal brain:the cingulum,cortex(especially in third and fifth layer),lateral septal nucleus,central amygdaloid nucleus.(2)Diencephalon:the thalamic paraventricular nucleus,lateral geniculate body and medial genicular body,hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus,supraoptic nucleus,periventricular area of third ventricle,arcuate nucleus.(3)Brain stem:the superficial layer of superior colliculus,periaqueductal gray,cortical area of inferior colliculus,lateral parabrachial nucleus,locus coeruleus,A5 area,cochlear nuclei,medullary viceral zone in medulla oblongata.The expression of Fos-LI neurons peaked in rats restrained for 1h,at 3h,then began to decrease,at 6h,significantly decreased. Conclusion Fos-LI neurons appeared in many areas of brain induced with restraint stress.The number of Fos-LI neurons decreased following restraint time.

Objective To observe the response and relationship between astrocytes and neurons to hypotension rats. Methods Transient hypotension animal models were induced by injecting sodium nitroprusside. The expression, distribution and relationship pattern of Fos-、GFAP- or TH- positive reaction in rat brain were studied with a triple method combining anti\|GFAP, Fos and TH immunohistochemical staining. Results Fos and GFAP positive staining appeared in some brain regions related with blood pressure regulation. The distribution of GFAP\|positive astrocytes was similar to that of Fos\|positive neurons. Fos\|and GFAP\|positive neurons exhibited clear character of nuclei and subnuclei distribution. Many FOs and TH single labeled neurons, or Fos and TH double labelled neurons in medulla oblongata and locus coeruleus arounded by GFAP positive processes were found and formed three kinds of complex\|like structures. Conclusion\ The present results indicated that the astrocytes were sensentive to the changes of blood pressure. The distribution of astrocytes had the specificity of functional location. We suggestal that the astrocytes and neurons might be involved together in information precessing within brain.\;[

Objective To investigate the distribution relationship of microglia and neuron in rat medullary visceral zone(MVZ) after stomatic nociception. Methods After 2ml formalin(2.5%)injection in rat stomach by tiny plastic tube,Anti-Fos protein(labeling neuron)and anti-OX 42(labeling microglia)single and double immunohistochemical ABC method staining on model medulla oblongata sections in different time point(0.5h,1h,2h and 3h) were used. Results 1.After wakefulness,the animal models appear restlessness and agitation in 1-2h.2.We found hemorrhage and exfoliation in model's gastric mucosa.3.Fos positive neurons and OX 42 positive microglias were observed in MVZ,whose distribution was congruous and appeared clearly character of locations.4.The results of immunochemical diplex staining indicate that many Fos positive neurons were surrounded by intensive OX 42positive microglias.5.OX 42 positive microglia showed a tendency,which increased in 0.5-2h and decreased in 3h.Conclusion Neurons and microglia in MVZ may be involved in visceral nociception transfer and adjustment function.

Objective To investigate the expression of NF-κBp65 in hippocampus after the XST intervention therapy in the SD rats with global cerebral I/R injury and testify the protective effect of XST after global cerebral I/R injury.Methods 72 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,sham operation(SO) group ( n =24),I/R group( n =24) and XST group( n =24).The model of acute global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (including:I/R and XST group) injury was produced by means of simple Pulsinelli- brierley's four arteries occlusion method.H.E.staining was performed to detect the number of surviving neurons and TUNEL was used to detect the rate of neurons apoptosis.The expression activation of NF-κB p65 in hippocampus comu-ammonis ( CA1 ) region were examined by immunohistochemical method (SABC).Results The survival pyramidal neurons in the XST group continued to increase,and it was significantly more than the I/R group at each time-point after reperfusion[ (99.23 ±4.22)/mm vs (75.83 ±7.17 )/mm,(80.93 ± 5.36)/mm vs (51.50 ± 8.26 )/mm,(103.24 ± 5.48 )/mm vs (35.67 ± 13.17 )/mm,( 126.22 ± 7.54 )/mm vs (9.83 ± 4.71 )/mm ],the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜0.01 ).The apoptosis rate of pyramidal cell in the XST group at each time-point were more significantly reduced than the I/R group [ ( 8.82 ± 2.71 ) ％ vs ( 22.58 ± 4.68 ) ％.( 19.15 ± 6.23 ) ％ vs (42.68 ± 3.04 ) ％,( 11.82 ± 2.87 ) ％ vs ( 55.51 ± 6.81 ) ％,( 8.44 ± 3.23 ) ％ vs ( 71.69 ± 7.71 ) ％ ],the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜0.01 ).The positive neurons of NF-κBp65 expression in the XST group at different time-points were significantly less than the L/R group[ ( 13.20 ±2.50) vs ( 18.00 ± 1.87),(8.20 ±5.31) vs (41.60±3.65),(6.70±3.36) vs (55.30±5.10),(7.10±3.57) vs (72.80 ±4.71)],the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions After global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion,XST could protect the brain from global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by holding up the expression of NF- kappaB p65,and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis,and increasing the number of surviving neurons.Thus,the results of this experiment could provide a powerful and weighty objective indication for XST being used during cerebral resuscitation.

Objective To explore the influence of DaHuang on renal expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in diabetes mellitus rats. Methods After the DM rat model was made, 24 DM rats were selected randomly and divided into a model group (12 DM rats) and a Rhubarb group group were given pure water in equal amount every day. 8 weeks later, kidney was cut to make pathological slice and method of SP immunohistochemistry was adopted for staining. Observed the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Result The renal expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the rhubarb group and the model group were obviously increased compared with the normal group (P<0.05). The renal expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the rhubarb group was obviously weaker than the normal group(P<0.05). Conclusion Rhubarb could obviously inhibit the renal expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in diabetes mellitus rats and protect kidney of diabetes mellitus rats.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological significance of periostin and MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of periostin and MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma,tubular adenoma,villous adenoma and normal colorectal tissue.The correlations between the expression of periostin and MMP-2 with clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed.Results In colorectal carcinoma,tubular adenoma,villous adenoma and normal colorectal tissue,the positive rates of periostin were 83.7 ％ (41/49),40.0 ％ (6/15),32.1％ (9/28),0 (0/15),respectively,while the positive rates of MMP-2 were 71.4 ％ (35/49),60.0 ％ (9/15),64.3 ％ (18/28),0(0/15),respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (x2 =41.252,P =0.000; x2 =24.811,P =0.000).The expression of periostin in colorectal carcinoma tissue were not correlated with sex (x2 =0.002,P =0.961),age (x2 =2.267,P =0.132),tumor sites (x2 =1.506,P =0.220),differentiation status (x2 =0.875,P =0.350) and lymphatic metastasis (x2 =3.315,P =0.069).The expression of MMP-2 in colorectal carcinoma were correlated with lymphatic metastasis (x2 =5.800,P =0.016),whereas not correlated with sex (x2 =0.562,P =0.453),age (x2 =0.138,P =0.711),tumor sites (x2 =0.408,P =0.532),differentiation degree (x2 =1.335,P =0.248).The expression of periostin and MMP-2 were positively correlated in colorectal carcinoma (r =0.332,P =0.020).Conclusion Periostin and MMP-2 are correlated closely with the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma.It might be helpful for evaluating the biological properties and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma,and it would be more accurate to use a combined analysis of the two indicators.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) combined with inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombosis is regarded unresectable.Most of the patients received non-surgical treatment or gave up treatment,and the prognosis of these patients is poor.As the development of surgical treatment,the success rate of surgical treatment for HCC combined with IVC tumor thrombosis is increasing yearly.In May of 2012,one patient with HCC combined with IVC tumor thrombosis received hepatic Ⅴ,Ⅶ and Ⅷ segmentectomy + tumor thrombosis removal from the IVC at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.Preoperative computed tomography showed space-occupying lesions in the segments Ⅴ,Ⅶ and Ⅷ,and the IVC was filled with tumor thrombi.The volume of the left liver was 489 cm3,which was under the limit for survival.In order to preserve the remnant liver,right hepatectomy with reservation of hepatic segment Ⅵ,and the tumor thrombi in the IVC were removed with total hepatic vascular exclusion.The patient was recovered with no tumor recurrence or metastasis at postoperative month 18.

Objective To explore the risk factors of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)and assess the effect of prophylactic use of probiotics(Bifico)in prevention of NEC and observe changes of weight.Methods Five hundred and twenty-four cases of prematures who were inpatients were divided into 2 groups randomly(prevention group,n=276,no-prevention group,n=248)and the morbidity of NEC and the increase of eight during hospitalization were observed.A case-control study and conditional Logistic regression model multifactorial analysis were made to 20 cases NEC neonates and 80 cases non-NEC neonates.Results The prevention group(276 cases)had 5 cases of NEC and the average weight increase was(8.114?8.137)g/d,the no-prevention group 248 cases had 17 cases of NEC,and the average weight increase was(6.595?5.337)g/d.The occure rate of NEC in prevention group was significantly lower than that of no-prevention group(?2=5.57 P

Objective To investigation the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their clinical significances.Methods The serum expression levels of TRAIL in 79 cases of NSCLC and 80 cases of normal subjects were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The expressions of TRAIL-R2 and TRAIL-R4 in 42 cases of NSCLC and matched normal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.The relationships among TRAIL,TRAIL-R2,TRAIL-R4 and clinicopathologic features of NSCLC were analyzed.Results The expression of TRAIL in NSCLC patients was lower than that in normal human [(994.3 ±293.0)ng/ml vs.(1 141.7 ±266.1)ng/ml,t =3.29,P =0.00].The expression of TRAIL was closely correlated with clinical stage (F =2.28,P =0.00) and differentiated degree (t =5.76,P =0.00).The positive expression rate of TRAIL-R2 in NSCLC was 73.8％ (31/42),significantly lower than that in the normal tissue 100.0％ (42/42) (x2 =3.88,P =0.05).The expression of TRAIL-R2 was closely correlated with clinical stage (x2 =27.89,P=0.00) and differentiated degree (x:=9.50,P =0.00).The positive expression rate of TRAIL-R4 in NSCLC was 81.0％ (34/42),significantly higher than that in the normal tissue 50.0％ (21/42) (x2 =7.34,P =0.01).The expression of TRAIL-R4 was also closely correlated with clinical stage (x2 =17.82,P =0.00) and differentiated degree (x2 =4.47,P =0.03).There was a negative correlation between the expression of TRAIL-R2 and TRAIL-R4 in NSCLC (r =-0.67,P=0.01).Conclusion The decrease of TRAIL and TRAIL-R2 and increase of TRAIL-R4 expression may promote the occurrence and development of NSCLC,and they may provide targets for clinical treatment of NSCLC.

Objective To study the over-expression and clinical implications of the oncogene MDM2 in acute leukemia (AL). Methods The expression of MDM2 gene in 100 patients with newly diagnosed and relapse or refractory AL and 20 healthy as control was measured by relative quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),then the results was measured by χ2-test,t-test and one-way ANOVA to compare expession positive rate and intensity of MDM2. Results Among 100 patients,fifty-eight had the high expression of MDM2 gene (58 %). The expression level of MDM2 gene in patients was higher than that of health controls(P ＜0.05). The expression positive rate of MDM2 is higher in poor outcome group (67.9 %,19/28)than that in general outcome group (33.9%,19/56) (P＜0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that the expression of MDM2 gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis and poor outcome of AL.