This study examined cytokine responses to cold exposure together with the effects of exercise and thermal adaptation. Ten male short-track skaters who had adapted to a cold environment, and ten male inline skaters who had not, were each assigned to two experimental conditions. For the cold condition, subjects sat for 60 min at 5–8°C, then exercised on a cycle ergometer for 60 min at 65% maximal oxygen uptake (at 5–8°C), and finally sat again for 120 min at room temperature (20–25°C). In the control condition, subjects participated in the same protocol as the above but at room temperature (20–25°C). Blood samples were collected at pre-cold exposure, post-cold exposure (pre-exercise), post-exercise, post-30 min, post-60 min, and post-120 min, and analyzed for plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p40, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNFR-I), cortisol, and myoglobin by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 60-min cycle ergometer exercise induced significant increases in plasma IL-1ra, IL-10 and IL-12p40 at room temperature in short-track skaters adapted to the cold, but significant decreases in these cytokines were observed with exposure to cold. These results indicate that acute cold exposure has a suppressive effect on cytokine response during exercise, suggesting the possibility of preventive effects on immunosuppression, heat stroke and allergy induced by exercise.

Objective: This study assessed the effectiveness and safety of resistance training in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).
Methods: Ten patients in the absence of metastasis undertook a 20-week progressive resistance training (2 times/week) consisting of 12 different upper and lower body exercises using training machines. Body composition, muscle function, physical performance, bone mineral density, serum biochemical data, plasma insulin and blood markers of prostate cancer were assessed at baseline and after training at weeks 10 and 20.
Results: Training significantly increased muscle strength and muscle endurance capacity (p<0.001) and decreased plasma insulin levels without affecting blood markers of prostate cancer.
Conclusion: Results suggest that resistance training is beneficial for prostate cancer patients with ADT to reduce the side effects of ADT and improve the activity of daily living and quality of life.