Objective To evaluate the effects of nutritional education by "knowledge,attitude and behavior" on health improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods One hundred and sixteen patients with type 2 diabetes were selected with nutritional education intervention by "knowledge,attitude and behavior",and another 100 diabetic patients as control group with regular education for six months,to follow up their changes in awareness of diabetes-related nutritional knowledge and biochemical examinations. Results Ninety-eight patients in intervention group completed follow-up.Awareness of diabetes-related nutritional knowledge,intake of nutrients and indices of metabolism in intervention group were significantly different from those in control group,including serum level of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)[(6.1 ?0.9)% vs.(7.7?2.3)%,t=6.421,P

Animals ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; blood ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Rabbits ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Weight-Bearing

Animals ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Energy Metabolism ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; blood ; Male ; Pressure ; adverse effects ; Rabbits ; Serum ; enzymology

Teaching feedback has been affected by many factors including education theory, culture diversity and so on.Article analyized the teaching feedback in United States clinical education in a group of the visiting student’s experience in Harbor-UCLA Medical Center.In clinical education, the aim of teaching can only be could be successfully reached by consideration the specific teaching contact and students’idiosyncrasy and flexible teaching feedback utilization.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children under 2 years old. Methods The clinical features and treatment outcomes were analyzed in 57 children under 2 years old and compared with 153 children more than 2 years old. Results Compared with children more than 2 years old, in children under 2 years old, the number of cases with fever was fewer, the fever peak was lower and the lasting time was shorter. However, in children under 2 years old, the severe pulmonary signs were more common, the incidence of wheeze was higher, meanwhile, the count of white blood cells (WBCs) was signiifcantly increased, more small pieces of lfuff shadow was showed on chest X-ray, and the pulmo-nary complications were fewer, less corticosteroid was needed for treatment. After one-week therapy, the chest X-ray shadows were disappeared in most of children. Complications out of lungs, such as rash, liver function damage and cardiac damage can be found in both groups and no signiifcant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children under 2 years old had the characteristics of mild symptoms, severe pulmonary signs, few pulmonary complications, light systemic inlfammations and mild radiological changes.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma.Methods From January 2000 to October 2006,a total of 16 patients(aged from 32 to 65 with a mean of 42 years) with pheochromocytoma received retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy in our hospital.Among the cases,6 had the tumor on the right side,and 10 on the left.The size of the tumors ranged from 2.5 to 4.6 cm in diameter(mean,3.1 cm).Results The mean preoperative preparation time in this series was 11 days(range,6 to 28).The retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy was completed in all but one of the patients,who were converted to open surgery because of extensive adhesion of the tumor to surrounding tissues and massive bleeding.The mean operation time was 110 minutes(90 to 170),and the mean blood loss was 135 ml(80 to 650).Three cases,who had normal blood pressure and thus received no noradrenalin immediately after the surgery,was given noradrenalin emergently 4,6,or 56 hours later owing to a sudden drop of systolic pressure(from 135 mm Hg to 80 mm Hg in 2,and from 140 mm Hg to 85 mm Hg in 1).Postoperative examination showed benign pheochromocytoma in 15 of the cases,and low-grade malignant pheochromocytoma with local invasion of the capsule in the patient who was converted to open surgery.The mean postoperative hospital stay was 12 days(9 to 20).The patients were followed up for 3 to 24 months(mean,13),during which only one received antihypertensive drugs;the others restored normal blood pressure spontaneously.No patient had abnormal levels of 24-hour urine noradrenalin,adrenalin,and catecholamine.Conclusions Retroperitoneoscopic surgery is an effective and minimally invasive treatment for patients with adrenal pheochromocytoma.The patients have a few complications and recover quickly after the operation.Preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment are important for the outcomes of the disease.

Objective To study the impact of viral infection on stress protein gene expression and investigate the possibility that heat shock proteins interact with viral components during viral assembly in the brain of suckling mice experimentally infected with Hantaan virus (HV). Methods New born mice less than 72 h of age were inoculated into brain with the 100 LD50 of Hantaan virus (strain 76 118). At the 8th day mice died from brain disease. Brains were prepared for tissue sections and extracts for the experiments. The Hantaan virus infection, HSP70 induction and their co localization in brain of infected suckling mice were demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining and laser scan co focal microscopic double labling. The possible intereaction between HV structural proteins and HSP70 was further analyzed by immunoprecipitation of infected tissue extracts with antibodies to either HSP70 or to viral nuclear capsule proteins HV NP by using SDS PAGE and Western blotting. Results HV infection induced an increased levels of HSP70 expression at the cytoplasma of neurons in the brain of suckling mice HV NP protein proved to be co localized with HSP70. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) to HSP70 could co immunoprecipitate the HV NP, and similarly mAb to HV NP could co immunoprecipitate HSP70 from virus infected tissue extracts, but not from mock infected tissue extracts. Antibody, which recognized one of these two proteins, did not cross react with the other. Thus, the association between HSP70 and HV NP appeared to be specific.Conclusions Hantavirus infection can directly induce HSP70 expression, leading to the formation of HV HSP 70 viral antigen peptide complex which plays some roles in the course of viral infection and replication.

Objective To evaluate the significance of the panel of 6 microsatellites in detection of bladder cancer. Methods In the tumor tissue and urine sediment of 32 cases of bladder cancer 10 microsatellites were chosen and PCR-SSLP silver staining assay was conducted according to the methods described in the literature and our previous study.15 cases of non-bladder cancer served as controls. Results Microsatellite alternate (MA) was found in 30 out of 32 cases of bladder cancers,the sensitivity being 93.8%.The MA of urine sediment of 15 cases of non-bladder cancer was negative,the specifity being 100.0%.Among the 10 microsatellites, 6 ones were chosen;the MA positivity of the panel of the 6 ones was 90.6% (29/32).This result was not significantly different from that of the panel of 10 microsatellites. Conclusions MA assay is a sensitive,effective method for detection of bladder cancer.Compared with the panel of 10 microsatellites,the panel of 6 microsatellites may be a better tool for detection of bladder cancer.

Objective To probe the feasibility and efficacy of damage control orthopedics(DCO) in treating multiple injuries.Methods A retrospective analysis was done on clinical data of 41 case with multiple injuries treated by DCO from 1995 to 2005.Results Devascularization of internal iliac arteries was performed in 29 cases with multiple injuries complicated by massive bleeding and fractures of the pelvis,of which 23 were treated with ligation of bilateral internal iliac arteries and eight with angioembolization of bilateral internal iliac arteries.External fixation cage for the pelvis was used in an early period in 10 cases,primary debridement with simple external fixation in 10 with multiple injuries complicated by open femoral fractures and simple laminectomy in two with spinal fractures combined with spinal cord compression.All cases received discriminating internal fixation posterior to resuscitation in ICU.The overall mortality rate was 12.1%(5/41),with average injury severity score(ISS) for 41.4 and with shock and associated injury as the main causes for death.The complications occurred in seven cases including three with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),one with thrombosis of right common iliac artery,two with subphernic abscess and one with deep wound infection of the lower extremities,all of whom got cured.Conclusions Prompt diagnosis and integration of treatment are key to enhancing the survival rate of multiple injuries.In the meantime,DCO is effective and safe for cases with multiple injuries.

Objective One of the major obstacle to the successful treatment of cancer in clinic is the drug-resistance phenotype.In this study,the effect of realgar(REA) on the induction of apoptosis and the reversal of drug resistance were investigated. Methods Human breast cancer line MCF-7 and its adriamycin(ADM) resistant counterpart MCF-7/ADM cells were used in this study.15mg/L REA and 25mg/L REA were selected as non-cytotoxic dose and low-cytotoxic to MCF-7/ADM cells respectively by MTT assay.Then,they were adopted to affect the growth of MCF-7/ADM cells. MTT assay was used to analyze the effect of REA on drug sensitivity to ADM.The cells apoptosis was detected by transmission electron microscope and flow cytornetry.The expressions of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 were detected by flow cytometry.Finally,the intracellular accumulation of ADM in MCF-7/ADM cells was detected by fluorescent-spectrophotometry. Results REA reversed the drug-resistance of ADM in MCF-7/ADM cells with dose-dependent relationship.When 15mg/L REA or 25mg/L REA was added into the culture,the 50% inhibitory concentration(IC_(50)) of ADM in MCF-7/ADM cells was reduced from 30.4mg/L to 13.2mg/L and 10.8mg/L(P