Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is anatomic theoretical foundation based on breast and upper limb lymph axillary lymph injected into different lymphatic populations, ARM can display upper limb lymphatic channels through different tracers during the periods of axillary lymph node dissection and sentinel lymph node dissection, to reduce the rate of postoperative upper extremity edem.Although ARM has a positive effect, it exists a controversy in safety and the relationship between its node and sentinel lymph node.

The separation of digestive system cancer stem cells (CSCs) is the first step of the study of stem cell.At present,there are three methods of separation of the digestive system CSCs:cell phenotype sorting,side population cell sorting and serum-free culture.The separation of digestive system CSCs is based on these three methods or be improved to a higher proportion of CSCs.

Pim-3,a new member of the the proto-oncogene pim family which expresses serine and threonine kinase activity,shows a high similar to pim-1 and pim-2 at the function,structure and sequence.Pim-3 plays an important regulative role in the cell cycle transform,cell apoptosis and occurrence of the malignant tumors by phosphorylating numerous specific substrates.

Objective:To construct pEGFP-C1-Smad4 expression vector and to observe the influence of Smad4 over-expression on the proliferation of human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells and its relationship with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B). Methods:Recombinant expression vector pEGFP-C1-Smad4 was constructed and was used to transfect human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells. EGFP expression in transfected cells was detected by fluoroscopy. Smad4 and NF-?B expression in transfectant was examined by Western blotting. Effect of Smad4 over-expression on activation of NF-?B and proliferation of transfected SGC7901 cells were examined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and MTT assay,respectively. Results:Expression of EGFP in transfected SGC7901 cells was observed under fluorescence microscope. Smad4 was over-expressed in transfected SGC7901 cells,accompanied by down-regulation of NF-?B p65 expression in the tranfectants. EMSA and MTT demonstrated that Smad4 over-expression significantly inhibited the activation of NF-?B and the proliferation of SGC7901 cells (P

Objective To explore the regulatory function of over-expression of NOTCH-1 in TNF?-induced apoptosis of gastric carcinoma carcinoma BGC-823 cells.Methods BGC-823 cells were infected with retrovirus recombined with intracellular domain of NOTCH-1.The cell clones,into which objective genes had been transfected,were obtained after screening with G-418.Before and after incubation with TNF?,MTT assay,flow cytometry,Western blot and EMSA were used to detect cell growth,apoptosis,expressions of NOTCH-1,NF-?B and caspase-3 activity.Results There was stronger expression of NOTCH-1 and its target gene HES-1 in the cells transfected with NOTCH-1 gene than that of control.After TNF? treatment,the rates of killing and apoptosis in NOTCH-1-transfected cells were all lower than those in control cells.Moreover,we showed over-expression of NOTCH-1 suppressed caspase-3 activation induced by TNF?.However,TNF?-induced activation of NF-?B was not affected by over-expression of NOTCH-1.Conclusion Over-expression of NOTCH-1 significantly protects BGC-823 cells from apoptosis and growth suppression induced by TNF?.This effect is mediated,at least in part,through inhibition of caspase-3 activation independent of NF-?B.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s, under certain conditions, can be induced to differentiate into neurons and glial cel s, which to some extent solves the problem of the source of seed cel s. Induction methods currently used are different, and their efficiencies are not the same.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of different antioxidants on differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s into neuron-like cel s in vitro.
METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from Wistar rats were divided into four groups:non-intervention group,β-mercaptoethanol group, retinoic acid group,β-mercaptoethanol+retinoic acid group. Changes in cel morphology and positive rate of neuron-specific enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2 were observed and detected at 5 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, and 10 days after induction.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Except non-intervention group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in the other three groups were gradual y becoming spindle-shaped, and gave birth to many smal protrusions that were interconnected into a network, showing neuron-like cel morphology. Immunocytochemical staining showed that the efficiency of theβ-mercaptoethanol+retinoic acid group was the highest at 10 days after induction, and the positive rates of neuron-specific enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2 were 71.63%and 79.72%, respectively. The results show thatβ-mercaptoethanol can be combined with retinoic acid to accelerate the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s into neuron-like cel s.

Side population cells (SPs) are selected by the efflux features of fluorescent dye Hoechst33342.SPs have the characteristics of cancer stem cells,and play an extremely important role in the occurrence and development of tumors.At present,the SPs in common types of malignant tumor have been studied extensively at home and abroad.The study of SPs may shed some light on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Primary liver cancer is a high incidence and common malignant tumor in China. Portal vein tumor thrombus is one of the biologic marks of advanced liver cancer and difficult to be cured, and the prognosis is extremely poor. This paper systematically describes the formation mechanism, diagnosis,classification and prognosis of portal vein tumor thrombus. It would provide a theoretical basis for this clinical problem in order to reasonably understand and actively treat it.

Objective:To study adenovirus mediated transfer of TGF ?1 in treatment of mice autoimmune myocarditis. Methods: Experimental autoimmune myocarditis was induced in BALB/c mice using purified myosin from porcine heart. TGF ?1 was transferred into mice by intravenous injection of adenovirus encoding TGF ?1. Plasma level of myosin autoantibody was detected by indirect ELISA method and plasma level of troponin I was assayed using fluorescence immune assay method. The protective effects of TGF ?1 were evaluated from 3 aspects: (1) the degree of infiltrative inflammatory cells in the heart; (2) the plasma level of myosin autoantibody; (3) the plasma level of troponin I. Results: TGF ?1 successfully ameliorated the myocarditis. Plasma level of troponin I and myosin autoantibody decreased significantly( P

Objective: To find the reason of risk on medical equipment. Methods: Based on RCA, to adopt the event classification to evaluate the X-ray equipment, high-frequency electro tome, electro-cardiac monitor, infusion pump, ventilator, defibrillators and infant incubator, discuss the root cause of medical risk. Results:To deduce the medical equipment risk by PM and quality control. Conclusion:With the analysis of quality control, the application of RCA is gradually explained in management of medical equipment.