Objective To investigate the changes of extravaacular lung water during the perioperative period of orthotopic liver trans-plantation. Methods 24 consecutive patients with end-stage fiver disease undergoing orthotopie liver transplantation (OLT) were studied. In all patients a 5 French fiberoptic catheter with a thermistor was placed in the brachial artery and connected to the PiCCO system. Extravascular lung water (EVLW) and intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV) were monitored. After induction of anesthesia and achievement of stable hemodynamic and respiratory conditions, the baseline values of hemedynamic data, ITBV and EVLW were recorded. The patients were studied during the anhepatic stage, the Ist hour and 2nd hours after reperfusion of the graft. Final measurements of all the values were immediately determined after operation. Results EVLW remained statistically unchanged during the whole study period in all patients though all of them were increased, compared to normal values. EVWL was positively correlated with ITBV (r = 0. 822, P < 0. 05). Conclusion The changes of EVLW during perioperative period of orthotopic fiver transplantation were very little. Circulative volume overload may be perhaps the most important cause of the increase of EVLW.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Emergency Treatment ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tachycardia ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo analyze the stress distribution in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with different depth of curve of Spee (CS) by three-dimensional finite element model (3D-FEM).

METHODSFEM with different depth of CS were established. The depth was 2.50, 0 and 4.50 mm (model 0, 1, 2). The stress distribution were analyzed by software Abaqus. The change of stress were analyzed by paried t test.

RESULTSThe stress distribution patterns in TMJ with different depth of CS were similar. The Von Mises on the anterior surface of condyle and the Von Mises on the intermedial zone of the disc was higher. The S. Max. Principal of the condyle was mainly tensile stress. The S. Min. Principal of the condyle was mainly compressive stress. The S. Max. Principal of the disc was mainly tensile stress. The S.Min. Principal of the disc was mainly compressive stress.In model 0, the eviations of the Von Mises, the S.Max. Principal and the S.Min. Principal on the anterior surface of condyle were 0.1057 - 0.2298 MPa, -0.2243 - -0.3738 MPa and -0.3494 - -0.1165 MPa. The eviations of the Von Mises, the S.Max. Principal and the S. Min. Principal on the intermedial zone of the disc were 0.1099 - 0.6880 MPa, -0.3217 - 0 MPa and -1.2000 - -0.1000 MPa. The D-values of of Von Mises of condyle and disk between different models were extremely significant (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSWith the same plane of occlusion, the stress distribution patterns of TMJ with different depth of CS is similar to that of normal occlusion. The final results also validate the anterior surface of condyle and intermediate zone of articular disc are the weight-bearing areas in TMJ. The changes of depth of CS change the value of the stress.

Cephalometry ; Dental Occlusion ; Dental Stress Analysis ; methods ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Mandibular Condyle ; physiology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Temporomandibular Joint ; physiology ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; physiology

Background Doxycycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic,and it is frequently used in the treatment of ocular surface diseases.Objective The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of doxycycline on the inhibition of cell proliferation in bovine corneal myofibroblasts in vitro and assess its contribution to ocular surface repairing mechanism.Methods Six fresh bovine corneas were collected.The corneal stromal layer was isolated by two-step method of 1.0 g/L and 2.0 g/L collegenase-1.Isolated cells were plated at mantaryay culture flask in 10％ FBS of RPMI-1640.Vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) organization were evaluated by immunocytochemistry,and the cells with influoresccence staining for vimentin and α-SMA were identified as the corneal myofibroblasts.Doxycycline at the concentrations of 10,20,40,60,80 mg/L was added to the medium,respectively,in different concentrations of doxycycline groups.Dexamethasone (120 mg/L)was used in the same way in the positive control group,and no drug was used in the negative control group.Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and the cell cycle was analyzed by BD FACScan flow cytometer assay 24 hours and 48 hours after addition of any drug.Results The cells grew well and showed the positive response for vimentin and α-SMA.MTT assay showed that the A570values of bovine corneal myofibroblasts were gradually declined with the increase of the concentration of doxycycline and lapse of active time,showing statistically significant difference (Fconcentration =1233.778,P＜0.001 ; Ftime =227.564,P ＜ 0.001).And the difference between the two factors was also statistically significant (Ftime*concentration =51.656,P＜0.001).Flow cytometry cell cycle analysis showed that 24 hours after 10,20,40,60,80 mg/L doxycycline treated,the perentage of of corneal myofibroblast cell in G0-G1 phase was 82.85％,84.36％,85.18％,87.12 ％ and 89.31％,showing significant increase in comparison with 63.89％ of the negative control group (all P＜0.05),and that of 40 mg/L doxycycline group was near the positive control group.Forty-eight hours after 10,20,40,60,80 mg/L doxycycline treated,the perentage of of corneal myofibroblast cell in G0-G1 phase was 82.78％,86.15％,88.23％,89.57％,93.00％,with significant increase in comparison with 70.17％ of the negative control group (all P ＜ 0.01),and that of 40 mg/L doxycycline group was near the positive control group.Conclusions The growth of the bovine corneal myofibroblasts is inhibited by doxycycline in time-and dosedependent manner in the range from 10 mg/L to 80 mg/L,and 40 mg/L of doxycycline has an obviously inhibitory action as 120 mg/L dexamethasone.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Huoxue Jiedu Recipe (HJR) on the electroretinogram (ERG) and the expression of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) in the retina tissue of early diabetic rats.

METHODSThe diabetic rat model was established using one single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg). Then the modeled rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the model group, the low dose HJR group (3.85 g/kg), the middle dose HJR group (7.70 g/kg), the high dose HJR group (15.40 g/kg), and the Western medicine treatment group (Calcium Dobesilate Capsule, 0.167 g/kg), 8 in each group. A normal control group consisting of 8 rats was also set up, which was given equal volume of distilled water by gastrogavage. All rats were medicated by gastrogavage for 20 weeks. The electroretinograph (ERG) was determined. The amplitudes of wave a and b (the maximal electric reaction for dark-adapted eyes), and the amplitude sum of the oscillatory potentials (OPs) were detected. The integral optical density (IOD), the protein and mRNA expression of GFAP were detected using immunohistochemical assay, Western blot, and fluorescent quantitative PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group,the amplitudes of wave a, wave b, and OPs decreased in the model group (P<0.01). The protein and mRNA expressions of IOD and GFAP significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the amplitudes of wave b and OPs increased, and the protein and mRNA expressions of IOD and GFAP significantly decreased in each HJR group. The amplitude of wave a in the middle and high dose HJR groups increased. The amplitude of wave b increased and the IOD expression decreased in the Western medicine treatment group, showing statistical difference (P<0.05, P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in each index between the Western medicine treatment group and each HJR group.

CONCLUSIONHJR could attenuate the visual electrophysiological dysfunction in early diabetic rat, showing certain protection on retinal glial cells.

Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Electroretinography ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retina ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiopathology

Objective To study the prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors of HIV-related lipodystrophy syndrome (HIV-LD) in our cohort of HIV-1 infected Chinese adults. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 55 HIV-infected patients were recruited from the HIV clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital; most of them were undergoing the first-class highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) of today in China. Lipoatrophy or lipohypertrophy was defined if there was concordance between the report of fat change and clinical examination of the participants. Whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning was performed. Results Prevalence of clinical body fat redistribution in the present study was 47.3%. Comparing with non-LD patients, HIV-LD patients had elder age and longer exposure to HAART(P<0.05). HAART exposure and stavudine(d4T) usage were two independent risk factors for HIV-LD. Conclusions HIV-related fat redistribution does exist in Chinese HIV population. Peripheral lipoatrophy occurs commonly in HIV-infected adults but is not associated with increased trunk fat. HAART exposure and especially d4T usage are independent risk factors for HIV-LD.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of bivalirudin in patients with acute myocardial infarction ( AMI) and diabetes undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI) . Methods BRIGHT was a multicenter , randomized , controlled study which enrolled AMI patients underwent primary PCI in 83 Chinese centers between August 2012 and June 2013.All patients were randomly assigned to receive bivalirudin , heparin or heparin plus tirofiban. This study was a prespecified subgroup analysis of the BRIGHT study.A total of 465 diabetics in the BRIGHT study were included , consisted of 168 in the bivalirudin group , 137 in the heparin group and 160 in the heparin plus tirofiban group .Primary endpoint was net adverse clinical event ( NACE) at 30 days, which was defined as a composite of major adverse cardiac and cerebral events ( MACCE ) and any bleedings .Results The incidences of NACE at 30 days were significantly different among three arms ( Bivalirudin:10.1% vs.heparin:16.1% vs.Heparin plus tirofiban 20.6%, P=0.031 ) .Compared with heparin plus tirofiban , bivalirudin was associated with a significantly lower NACE rate (P<0.01).Bivalirudin treatment significantly reduced bleeding events at 30 days compared with heparin and heparin plus tirofiban ( 3.0% vs.7.3% vs.12.5%, P <0.01 ) .The 30-day incidences of MACCE and stent thrombosis were similar among the three groups ( P>0.05 ) . Conclusions The use of bivalirudin has dramatically reduced the rate of bleeding and did not increase the incidence of ischemic events compared with heparin and heparin plus tirofiban , indicating a better safety and efficacy profile of bivalirudin during primary PCI in patients with AMI and diabetes .

Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Entopeduncular Nucleus ; physiology ; Male ; Neurons ; physiology ; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Angiotensin II ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; secretion ; Endothelins ; secretion ; Humans ; Polyphenols ; pharmacology ; Propanolamines ; pharmacology ; Tea ; chemistry ; Weightlessness Simulation

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effect of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) on miR-200b-200a-429 expression and the related mechanism. Methods: RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-429 in HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β. The miR-200b-200a-429 promoter was amplified by PCR and was cloned into pGL3 basic vector, which was then transfected into HK2.cells and the luciferase activity of miR-200b-200a-429 gene promoter was detected by luminometer. Results: Results of RT-PCR showed that TGF-β down-regulated miR-200a, miR-200b and miR-429 in HK-2 cels 24 h after TGF-β treatment. Vector of pGL3- miR-200b-200a-429-promoter was constructed successfully and was confirmed by sequencing. Dual-Luciferase reporter gene system was used to Verify the promoter activity of the constructed reporter gene vector. TGF-β was found to significantly inhibit the activities of miR-200b-200a-429 promoter in HK-2 cells (P< 0. 05). Conclusion: TGF-β may regulate the activity of miR-200b-200a-429 promoter.