Objective To investigate the clinical significance of hemoperfusion(HP) in treating severe tetramine intoxication.Methods Fourty-eight children with severe tetramine intoxication from January 1999 to December 2002 were enrolled into two groups:HP treatment group and routine treatment group. Routine treatment group was treated with general therapy,such as gastrdavage,catharsis and so on. While hemoperfusion was added to HP treatment group besides general therapy.Results The number of cure in HP treatment group was higher than that in routine treatment group(? 2=8.17 P

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of hyperglycemia on calcium load and cyclic AMP content in normal and STZdiabetic rat skeletal muscle.MethodsCalcium load and cyclic AMP content were measured in vivo and in vitro after incubation with 5.6mmol/L and 16.7mmol/L glucose concentration.Atom spectrum absorption assay for calcium and radioimmunoassay for cAMP were employed.ResultsHigh concentration glucose elevated cyclic AMP content and lessened calcium load significantly.Cyclic AMP also elevated in diabetic skeletal muscle incubated with even 5.6mmol/L glucose.Diabetes was necessary for high concentration glucose to elevate cyclic AMP in vitro,because cyclic AMP did not change in normal rat muscle even incubated with 16.7mmol/L glucose.But diabetes discounted the reduction of calcium load induced by 16.7mmol/L glucose.ConclusionThe effects of hyperglycemia on calcium load and cyclic AMP content in skeletal muscle may accord with its antiinsulin action,which may be involved in the mechanism of glucose toxicity.

Objective To observe the effects of hypoxia preconditioning on the mitochondria ultrastructure of hepatocyte during liver transplantation in rats.Methods A modified orthopotic liver autotransplantation model was used to simulate liver transplantatation.Seventy two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following three groups:the normal control(group NC),the autotransplantation group(group AT),and the hypoxia preconditioning group(group HP),with twenty four rats in each group.Group HP were given an 8% oxygen atmosphere for 90 minutes before the operation.At 1,6,and 24 hours after the operation,the rats were killed and the following tests were conducted:1.The morphology of mitochondria was observed under transmission electron microscopy(TEM);2.Mitochondria were quantitatively analyzed by a MiVnt image analysis system.ResultsHepatic cells in group AT showed typical injury signs under TEM,the appearance of hepatocytes and mitochondria in group HP were much better than the group AT,and the areas,perimeters and diameters of mitochondria in group HP were much smaller than those in group AT by a significantly amount(P

Objective To explore the characteristics of clinic and epidemiology of neonatal respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) pneumonia in newborn infants.Methods Three hundred and nine neonates(male 196,female 113) who were admitted to children's hospital of Fudan University and identified as having RSV pneumonia from Jan.2004 to Dec.2008 were enrolled.RSV antigen was detected in exfoliated respiratory cells by direct immunofluorescence.All the clinical data were collected and subjects and they were divided into different groups based on path of infection,gestational age and RSV status.Results From case notes over the 5 years,309 eligible neonates with RSV infection were identified.Male term neonates were more likely to acquire infection,as compared to female,1.71.0.The incidence of RSV infection peaked in winter and spring.Compared with community acquired infection group,hospital acquired infection group had more premature infants(23.2% vs 8.7%,P=0.002),lower birth weight[(3 010.8?852.8) g vs(3 153.2?943.4) g,P=0.026],much longer mean length of hospital stay[(19.0?8.0) d vs(12.2?4.5) d,P=0],more expensive cost[(5 646.4?3632.2) RMB vs(4 175.8?2 879.2) RMB,P=0] and later occurrence day[(21.3?8.6) d vs(15.8?6.0) d,P=0].Compared with simple RSV infection group,mixed infection group had more expensive cost[(6 063.1?3 085.4) RMB vs(4 513.2?3 860.8) RMB,P=0.047] and more oxygen use(40.0% vs 25.7%,P=0.006).The clinical characteristics of patients with RSV pneumonia varied.Preterm group compared with term group more frequently exhibited apnea and cyanosis(20.0% vs 0.7%,42.9% vs 22.7%),respectively.Forty-two percent of them had bacterial infection,while 13.3% of them had infection of other part of body.The prognosis of most RSV(99.0%) infections was good.Conclusions RSV was an important cause of respiratory tract infections during the last five years.Clinical characteristics of RSV infections were atypical.Hospital acquired RSV infection was more severe than the community acquired infection in neonates.There are no specific,effective interventions for treating RSV infections,so preventive measures are most important.

The expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) alters obviously in ovarian cancer.Through miRNA profile based on a microarray platform and further research on individual one,they are found to be closely related to pathogenesis,progression,recurrence,and drug resistance of ovarian cancer and have a good prospect in applying it in the early diagnosis,detection recurrence,prognosis and therapy of ovarian cancer.

Objective: To study the role of Nkx2-5 gene in 5-azacytidine-induced differentiation of monolayer P19 cells into myocardial cells. Methods: The experiment was divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. The cells in the experimental group were P19 cells stably expressing Nkx2-5 gene, and cells in the control group were P19 cells. Under the monolayer-culture condition, the cells of two groups were induced by 5-azacytidine (1 μmol/L). The growth of cells were observed by inverted microscope. On the 4th day, 8th day, 12th day and 16th day after induction, RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of GATA-4, α-MHC and ANP gene. Results: In control group, there was no ANP expression after induction; GATA-4 expression was seen on the 8 th day, 12th day, and 16th day after induction; and α-MHC expression was found on the 12th day and 16 th day. In experimental group, the expression of GATA-4 was detected on the 4th day, 8th day, 12th day and 16 th day after induction; Alpha-MHC and ANP expression was noticed on the 8th day, 12th day and 16th day after induction. RT-PCR results showed that the expression of GATA-4 and α-MHC in the experimental group was earlier than that in the control group. And at all time points of observation, the expression of GATA-4 and α-MHC in the experimental group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (P<0. 05,P<0. 01), except for α-MHC expression on the 12 th day. Conclusion: Nkx2-5 gene can promote 5-azacytidine-induced differentiation of monolayer P19 cells into myocardial cells.

Fraction absorbed (Fa) is an important parameter to describe the absorption level of oral drugs, and an important basis for the development and optimization of the formulation process. Because it is easily confused with the concept of absolute bioavailability, it has not received enough attention from the industry. There are many complex factors affecting Fa. There are three time-related factors that directly affect the extent of Fa: the release time, the absorption time, and the residence time. The relationship between these three time-related factors determines the extent of Fa. Generally, we are more concerned about the apparent factors that affect the extent of Fa, including independent variables and covariates; The independent variables include administered dose, route, dosage form, etc. The covariates are divided into internal and external factors, and external factors include food factors, drug interactions, etc. Internal causes include age, sex, disease, etc. This paper analyzes and systematically combs how independent variables and covariates directly or indirectly affect the three time-related factors by affecting the body's physiology and internal environment, thus changing the complex process of Fa. Understanding this theoretical framework can better optimize the independent variables to reduce the impact of covariates on Fa. In addition, this paper also introduces the latest progress of prediction and evaluation of Fa, including the progress of complex dissolution device and the status of software prediction.

Objective To establish the allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR) for detection of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia related gene SLCO1B1 A388G polymorphism and apply this assay to identify the clinical samples.Methods According to SLCO1B1 A388G polymorphism loci,specific primers were designed and the assay was established.Wide type plasmid and mutant plasmid were constructed.Fifty clinical samples were selected,including 30 samples of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia that had been diagnosed with SLCO1B1 A388G mutant and 20 samples of healthy newborns without SLCO1B1 A388G mutant were selected as the controls.Wide type plasmid,mutant plasmid and clinical samples were tested by specific and non-specific primers.A388G polymorphism was determined by difference in Ct (cycle threshold) between specific and non-specific primers.Then,the accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of assay were evaluated.Results The difference in Ct (cycle threshold) between specific and non-specific primers that amplified equivalent wide type template was 13.97 ±0.75.The assay could correctly distinguish the wide type and mutant plasmid.Probit regression analysis showed the sensitivity of the assay could reach to 5.28 copies/μL.For clinical samples,the Ct values of the samples with A388G mutation was less than 37.75 and showed positive results,while the samples without A388G mutation did not show any amplification nor Ct values were larger than 37.75,which showed negative results.Conclusions ASPCR is a fast,simple and effective method for SLCO1B1 A388G polymorphism detection of the clinical simples.It can be used for large sample screening for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia gene loci.

Bibliometrics ; China ; Occupational Exposure ; Poisoning

Objective To evaluate the effect of training for therapists based on Kirkpatrick's Four-level Model. Methods Totally 39 ther-apists who completed 2014 Beijing Clinical Shortage of Manpower Training Programs (Therapist) were investigated with Kirkpatrick's Four-level Model, named reaction, learning, behavior and results. Results For reaction level, the total satisfaction was high, but different with the degree of education, especially in the items of Participate in Training, Type of Cases, Organizing on Practice Training, Organizing Case Discussions and Get A Lot of Benefits from the Training (F>4.59, P<0.05). For learning level, the test scores were significantly differ-ent before and after the training (t>9.53, P<0.001). For behavior level, the self-reports of the therapists, and the reports from their depart-ment directors and colleagues all agreed that their ability improved after training (t>4.44, P<0.001). For results level, eleven therapists passed the rehabilitation therapist test, two therapists participated in some researches, and one published an article. Conclusion The thera-pists satisfied in the training, that may improve the ability of therapists to contribute to their organization.